python基础3--面向对象--类变量、实例变量、类方法、静态方法、实例方法

# file's name : MethodAndVariable.py

class Person:
    """This is a test for class's method, static method, instance method.
And class's variable, instance's variable"""
    class_variable = 1

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        print "__init__ method called..."

    def __del__(self):
        print "__del__ method called..."

    def sayHi(self, name):
        print self, "Hello %s, my name is %s" % (name, self.name)

    @classmethod
    def class_method(cls, x):
        print cls, ", x =", x

    @staticmethod
    def static_method(x):
        print "x =", x

    def global_method(x):
        print "x =", x


p1 = Person("zhang")

p1.sayHi("koma")
p1.class_method(9)
p1.static_method(7)
Person.class_method(12)
Person.static_method(17)

print p1.class_variable
print Person.class_variable

p1.class_variable = 8
print p1.class_variable
print Person.class_variable

Person.class_variable = 5
print p1.class_variable
print Person.class_variable

del p1.class_variable
print p1.class_variable
print Person.class_variable

del p1

运行结果：
__init__ method called...
<__main__.Person instance at 0x00DBEDF0> Hello koma, my name is zhang
__main__.Person , x = 9
x = 7
__main__.Person , x = 12
x = 17
1
1
8
1
8
5
5
5
__del__ method called...

 

注意：obj.class_variable 只能读取类变量的值，而不能修改，修改其实是创建了一个实例变量，该变量名与类变量名一样。