Prometheus 监控MySQL
0、简介
文中主要监控MySQL/MySQL主从信息
版本：mysql-5.7，mysql_exporter-0.12.1
1、mysql_exporter部署
1.下载mysql_exporter并解压
$ tar xf /opt/src/mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
// 将mysql_exporter二进制文件拷贝至/usr/local/bin
$ cp /opt/src/mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64/mysqld_exporter /usr/local/bin/
2.需要授权用户给exporter使用
> CREATE USER 'exporter'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'abc12345' WITH MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 5;
// 可查看主从运行情况查看线程，及所有数据库。
> GRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO 'exporter'@'localhost';
为该用户设置最大连接数为了避免监控数据过大导致服务器超载
3.修改mysql配置文件，添加刚才创建的exporter用户和密码
$ vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
user=exporter
password=abc12345
4.启动exporter客户端，需指定mysql配置文件，读取exporter用户和密码
$ mysqld_exporter --config.my-cnf=/etc/my.cnf
常用参数：
// 选择采集innodb
--collect.info_schema.innodb_cmp
// innodb存储引擎状态
--collect.engine_innodb_status
// 指定配置文件
--config.my-cnf="/etc/my.cnf"
5.添加system系统服务
$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target
[Service]
User=root
Group=root
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/mysqld_exporter \
--config.my-cnf=/etc/my.cnf
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
6.启动添加的system服务
$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl start mysql_exporter.service
$ systemctl enable mysql_exporter.service
// mysql_export默认端口 - 9104
$ netstat -lntup | grep "9104"
tcp6 0 0 :::9104 :::* LISTEN 34137/mysqld_export
7.curl查看捕获mysql数据
curl http://localhost:9104/metrics
8.prometheus配置加入mysql节点
$ vim /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
- job_name: 'mysql'
scrape_interval: 5s
# 静态添加node
static_configs:
- targets: ['10.4.7.12:9104']
9.查看监控端是否接入
10.Granfana导入MySQL监控图表
去grafana dashboard下载对应的图表或者直接在grafana导入图表输入ID下载
图表下载地址：https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/7362
图表ID：11796
11.查看mysql dashboard
2、mysql报警规则
1.配置alertmanager报警,添加prometheus配置：
rule_files:
...
- "/data/etc/mysql*.rules"
2.配置mysql报警规则
groups:
- name: MySQLStatsAlert
rules:
- alert: MySQL is down
expr: mysql_up == 0
for: 1m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} MySQL is down"
description: "MySQL database is down. This requires immediate action!"
- alert: open files high
expr: mysql_global_status_innodb_num_open_files > (mysql_global_variables_open_files_limit) * 0.75
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} open files high"
description: "Open files is high. Please consider increasing open_files_limit."
- alert: Read buffer size is bigger than max. allowed packet size
expr: mysql_global_variables_read_buffer_size > mysql_global_variables_slave_max_allowed_packet
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Read buffer size is bigger than max. allowed packet size"
description: "Read buffer size (read_buffer_size) is bigger than max. allowed packet size (max_allowed_packet).This can break your replication."
- alert: Sort buffer possibly missconfigured
expr: mysql_global_variables_innodb_sort_buffer_size <256*1024 or mysql_global_variables_read_buffer_size > 4*1024*1024
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Sort buffer possibly missconfigured"
description: "Sort buffer size is either too big or too small. A good value for sort_buffer_size is between 256k and 4M."
- alert: Thread stack size is too small
expr: mysql_global_variables_thread_stack <196608
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Thread stack size is too small"
description: "Thread stack size is too small. This can cause problems when you use Stored Language constructs for example. A typical is 256k for thread_stack_size."
- alert: Used more than 80% of max connections limited
expr: mysql_global_status_max_used_connections > mysql_global_variables_max_connections * 0.8
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Used more than 80% of max connections limited"
description: "Used more than 80% of max connections limited"
- alert: InnoDB Force Recovery is enabled
expr: mysql_global_variables_innodb_force_recovery != 0
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} InnoDB Force Recovery is enabled"
description: "InnoDB Force Recovery is enabled. This mode should be used for data recovery purposes only. It prohibits writing to the data."
- alert: InnoDB Log File size is too small
expr: mysql_global_variables_innodb_log_file_size < 16777216
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} InnoDB Log File size is too small"
description: "The InnoDB Log File size is possibly too small. Choosing a small InnoDB Log File size can have significant performance impacts."
- alert: InnoDB Flush Log at Transaction Commit
expr: mysql_global_variables_innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit != 1
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} InnoDB Flush Log at Transaction Commit"
description: "InnoDB Flush Log at Transaction Commit is set to a values != 1. This can lead to a loss of commited transactions in case of a power failure."
- alert: Table definition cache too small
expr: mysql_global_status_open_table_definitions > mysql_global_variables_table_definition_cache
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Table definition cache too small"
description: "Your Table Definition Cache is possibly too small. If it is much too small this can have significant performance impacts!"
- alert: Table open cache too small
expr: mysql_global_status_open_tables >mysql_global_variables_table_open_cache * 99/100
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Table open cache too small"
description: "Your Table Open Cache is possibly too small (old name Table Cache). If it is much too small this can have significant performance impacts!"
- alert: Thread stack size is possibly too small
expr: mysql_global_variables_thread_stack < 262144
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Thread stack size is possibly too small"
description: "Thread stack size is possibly too small. This can cause problems when you use Stored Language constructs for example. A typical is 256k for thread_stack_size."
- alert: InnoDB Buffer Pool Instances is too small
expr: mysql_global_variables_innodb_buffer_pool_instances == 1
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} InnoDB Buffer Pool Instances is too small"
description: "If you are using MySQL 5.5 and higher you should use several InnoDB Buffer Pool Instances for performance reasons. Some rules are: InnoDB Buffer Pool Instance should be at least 1 Gbyte in size. InnoDB Buffer Pool Instances you can set equal to the number of cores of your machine."
- alert: InnoDB Plugin is enabled
expr: mysql_global_variables_ignore_builtin_innodb == 1
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} InnoDB Plugin is enabled"
description: "InnoDB Plugin is enabled"
- alert: Binary Log is disabled
expr: mysql_global_variables_log_bin != 1
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Binary Log is disabled"
description: "Binary Log is disabled. This prohibits you to do Point in Time Recovery (PiTR)."
- alert: Binlog Cache size too small
expr: mysql_global_variables_binlog_cache_size < 1048576
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Binlog Cache size too small"
description: "Binlog Cache size is possibly to small. A value of 1 Mbyte or higher is OK."
- alert: Binlog Statement Cache size too small
expr: mysql_global_variables_binlog_stmt_cache_size <1048576 and mysql_global_variables_binlog_stmt_cache_size > 0
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Binlog Statement Cache size too small"
description: "Binlog Statement Cache size is possibly to small. A value of 1 Mbyte or higher is typically OK."
- alert: Binlog Transaction Cache size too small
expr: mysql_global_variables_binlog_cache_size <1048576
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Binlog Transaction Cache size too small"
description: "Binlog Transaction Cache size is possibly to small. A value of 1 Mbyte or higher is typically OK."
- alert: Sync Binlog is enabled
expr: mysql_global_variables_sync_binlog == 1
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Sync Binlog is enabled"
description: "Sync Binlog is enabled. This leads to higher data security but on the cost of write performance."
- alert: IO thread stopped
expr: mysql_slave_status_slave_io_running != 1
for: 1m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} IO thread stopped"
description: "IO thread has stopped. This is usually because it cannot connect to the Master any more."
- alert: SQL thread stopped
expr: mysql_slave_status_slave_sql_running == 0
for: 1m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} SQL thread stopped"
description: "SQL thread has stopped. This is usually because it cannot apply a SQL statement received from the master."
- alert: SQL thread stopped
expr: mysql_slave_status_slave_sql_running != 1
for: 1m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Sync Binlog is enabled"
description: "SQL thread has stopped. This is usually because it cannot apply a SQL statement received from the master."
- alert: Slave lagging behind Master
expr: rate(mysql_slave_status_seconds_behind_master[1m]) >30
for: 1m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Slave lagging behind Master"
description: "Slave is lagging behind Master. Please check if Slave threads are running and if there are some performance issues!"
- alert: Slave is NOT read only(Please ignore this warning indicator.)
expr: mysql_global_variables_read_only != 0
for: 1m
labels:
severity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} Slave is NOT read only"
description: "Slave is NOT set to read only. You can accidentally manipulate data on the slave and get inconsistencies..."
3.最后需要重启prometheus即可
