Spring:JdbcTemplate使用指南

SpringJdbcTemplate使用指南

 

SpringJdbcTemplate使用指南




前言:

本文指在介绍Spring框架中的JdbcTemplate类的使用方法,涉及基本的Spring反转控制的使用方法和JDBC的基本概念。目标是使读者能够对JdbcTemplate快速地掌握和使用。

准备:

1. Spring的基本概念

Spring框架核心的思想就是建立一个Java对象的大工厂,用户只要给工厂一个指令,工厂就能将用户需要的对象根据配置文件组装好返还给用户。用户需要做的许多工作则可以写成简单的配置文件。

2. 丑陋的JDBC代码

Connection con= null;

PreparedStatement pStmt=null;

ResultSet rs = null;

try{

con = ods.getConnection();

String sql = "select * from admin";

pStmt=con.prepareStatement(sql);

rs=pStmt.executeQuery();

while(rs.next())

{ }

}

catch(Exception ex) {

try{

con.rollback();

}catch(SQLException sqlex){

sqlex.printStackTrace(System.out);

}

ex.printStackTrace();

}finally{

try{

rs.close();

pStmt.close();

con.close();

}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}

}

以上是常见的JDBC代码,简单的select语句也需要冗长的出错处理,并且每个函数都不断地重复同样的代码。

3. JdbcTemplate的作用

JdbcTemplate正是为了减少上述繁琐的代码而设计出来的。它是对JDBC的一种封装,抽象我们常用的一些方法。Simple and Stupid就是它的目标。下面是完成了刚才JDBC代码同样功能的JdbcTemplate的代码:

String sql = "select * from admin";

jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new RowCallbackHandler() {

public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {

}

} );

环境搭建:

1. 数据库的配置

本文使用Oracle数据库,新建表admin

create table admin (
ID number(10) primary key,
NAME varchar2(64),
PASSWORD varchar2(64)
)

2. Spring配置

JdbcTemplate的使用需要有DataSource的支持,所以在配置文件中,我们首先要配置一个OracleDataSource,然后在将这个DataSource配置到JdbcTemplate里。接着将JdbcTemplate配置进DAO层,最后将DAO配置进Model层。简要的关系如下:

Spring:JdbcTemplate使用指南

模型层 : User

 

数据访问层:UserDAO

 

JdbcTemplate

 

OracleDataSource

< !--[if !vml]-->

 

 

"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

 

 

 

jdbc:oracle:thin:root/123@localhost:1521/XE

 

 

 

class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. 环境配置, 如图:

Spring:JdbcTemplate使用指南

使用方法:

1. 查找

多行查询:

class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper {

public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs,int index) throws SQLException

{

User u = new User();

u.setId(rs.getString("ID"));

u.setName(rs.getString("Name"));

u.setPassword(rs.getString("Password"));

return u;

}

}

public List select(String where)

{

List list;

String sql = "select * from admin "+where;

list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));

return list;

}

List最终返回的是满足条件的User队列。

单行查询:

public User selectById(String id){

String sql = "select * from admin where id=?";

final User u = new User();

final Object[] params = new Object[] {id};

jdbcTemplate.query(sql, params, new RowCallbackHandler(){

public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {

u.setId(rs.getString("ID"));

u.setName(rs.getString("NAME"));

u.setPassword(rs.getString("PASSWORD"));

}

});

return u;

}

2. 插入

public void insert(User u)

{

String sql = "insert into admin (ID,NAME,PASSWORD) values (admin_id_seq.nextval,?,?)";

Object[] params = new Object[] {

u.getName(),

u.getPassword() };

jdbcTemplate.update(sql,params);

}

admin_id_seq.nextvalOracle设置好的序列,问号“?”被params里的数据依次替代,最终执行sql

3. 修改

非常简单:

public void update(String how)

{

jdbcTemplate.update(how);

}





源代码:

User.class:

package Model;

import java.util.List;

import DAO.UserDAO;

 

public class User {

private String name;

private String id;

private String password;

private UserDAO dao;

public User()

{

}

public User(String name, String password)

{

this.name = name;

this.password = password;

}

public void setDao(UserDAO dao)

{

this.dao = dao;

}

public String getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(String id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

public void getInfo(String id)

{

List list = dao.select("where id="+id);

User u = (User) list.get(0);

this.id=id;

this.name = u.getName();

this.password = u.getPassword();

}

public void insert()

{

dao.insert(this);

}

public void update(String how)

{

dao.update(how);

}

public void update()

{

dao.update("update admin set name='"+name+"', password='"+password+"' where id="+id);

}

public List selectWithTemp(String where)

{

return dao.select(where);

}

public void selectWithTemp()

{

dao.selectWithTemp();

}

public User selectById(String id)

{

return dao.selectById(id);

}

public void insertUsers(List users)

{

dao.insertUsers(users);

}

}

UserDAO.class :

package DAO;

import java.util.List;

import Model.User;

 

public interface UserDAO {

public void select();

public void test();

public void selectWithTemp();

public List select(String where);

public void update(String how);

public void insert(User u);

public User selectById(String id);

public int[] insertUsers(final List users);

}

UserDAOImp.class:

package DAO.Imp;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BatchPreparedStatementSetter;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowCallbackHandler;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapperResultReader;

import DAO.UserDAO;

import Model.User;

 

public class UserDAOImp implements UserDAO{

private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate)

{

this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;

}

class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper

{

public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs,int index) throws SQLException

{

User u = new User();

u.setId(rs.getString("ID"));

u.setName(rs.getString("Name"));

u.setPassword(rs.getString("Password"));

return u;

}

}

public void selectWithTemp()

{

String sql = "select * from admin";

jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new RowCallbackHandler() {

public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {

System.out.println("ID: "+rs.getString("ID")+" Name: "+rs.getString("name"));

}

} );

}

public List select(String where)

{

List list;

String sql = "select * from admin "+where;

list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new RowMapperResultReader(new UserRowMapper()));

return list;

}

public User selectById(String id)

{

String sql = "select * from admin where id=?";

final User u = new User();

final Object[] params = new Object[] {id};

jdbcTemplate.query(sql,params, new RowCallbackHandler(){

public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {

u.setId(rs.getString("ID"));

u.setName(rs.getString("NAME"));

u.setPassword(rs.getString("PASSWORD"));

}

});

return u;

}

public void update(String how)

{

String sql = how;

jdbcTemplate.update(sql);

}

public void insert(User u)

{

String sql = "insert into admin (ID,NAME,PASSWORD) values (admin_id_seq.nextval,?,?)";

Object[] params = new Object[] {

u.getName(),

u.getPassword()};

jdbcTemplate.update(sql,params);

}

}

UserAction.class:

//测试类

public class UserAction {

public static void main(String[] args)

{

Resource resource=new ClassPathResource("beans.xml");

BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);

User user = (User) factory.getBean("user");

user.selectWithTemp();

}

}

 

版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。

posted @ 2014-03-24 13:05  JamesFan  阅读(254)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报