Qt5 基于TCP传输的发送/接收文件服务器(支持多客户端)
一、实现功能
1、服务器端选择待发送的文件,可以是多个
2、开启服务器,支持多客户端接入,能够实时显示每个客户端接入状态
3、等待所有客户端都处于已连接状态时,依次发送文件集给每个客户端,显示每个客户端发送进度
4、发送完成后等待接收客户端发回的文件,显示接收进度
5、关闭服务器
二、实现要点
先讲一下实现上述功能的几个关键点,明白的这几个要点,功能的大框架就搭好了,细节在下一节再讲
1、新建服务器类testServer,继承自QTcpServer
功能:用于接收客户端TCP请求,存储所有客户端信息,向主窗口发送信息
在这个类中实例化QTcpServer的虚函数:
void incomingConnection(int socketDescriptor); //虚函数,有tcp请求时会触发
参数为描述socket ID的int变量
此函数在QTcpServer检测到外来TCP请求时,会自动调用。
注:若要接收局域网内的TCP请求,连接newConnection信号到自定义槽函数
connect(tcpServer,SIGNAL(newConnection()),this,SLOT(acceptConnection()));
但是这种方法无法处理多客户端
2、新建客户端类testClient,继承自QTcpSocket
功能:存储每个接入的客户端信息,控制发送/接收文件,向testServer发送信息
在testServer的incomingConnection函数中,通过设置socketDescriptor,初始化一个testClient实例
testClient *socket = new testClient(this); if (!socket->setSocketDescriptor(socketDescriptor)) { emit error(socket->error()); return; }
3、发送数据
实例化testClient类,通过void writeData(const char * data, qint64 size)函数将数据写入TCP流
testClient *a; a->writeData("message",8);
一般来说,使用QByteArray和QDataStream进行格式化的数据写入,设置流化数据格式类型为QDataStream::Qt_5_0,与客户端一致
testClient *a; QByteArray outBlock; //缓存一次发送的数据 QDataStream sendOut(&outBlock, QIODevice::WriteOnly); //数据流 sendOut.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_0); sendOut << "message"; a->writeData(outBlock,outBlock.size()); outBlock.resize(0);
注意outBlock如果为全局变量,最后需要resize,否则下一次写入时会出错
在testClient构造函数中连接数据成功发送后产生的bytesWritten()信号
connect(this, SIGNAL(bytesWritten(qint64)), this, SLOT(updateClientProgress(qint64)));
参数为成功写入TCP流的字节数
通过捕获这个信号,可以实现数据的连续发送。因为发送文件时,数据是一块一块发送的,比如设定一块的大小为20字节,那么发送完20字节,怎么继续发送呢?就靠的是这个函数,再用全局变量记录下总共发送的字节数,便可以控制发送的结束。
4、发送文件
先把文件读到QFile变量中,再通过QBytesArray发送
testClient *a; QFile sendFile = new QFile(sendFilePath);//读取发送文件路径 if (!sendFile->open(QFile::ReadOnly )) //读取发送文件 { return;} QByteArray outBlock; outBlock = sendFile->read(sendFile.size()); a->writeData(outBlock,outBlock.size());
5、接收数据
依旧是testClient类,连接有readyRead()信号,readyRead()信号为新连接中有可读数据时发出
connect(this, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(recvData()));
首先将testClient连接实例(如testClient *a)封装到QDataStream变量中,设置流化数据格式类型为QDataStream::Qt_5_0,与客户端一致。
在读入数据前,用a->bytesAvailable()检测数据流中可读入的字节数,然后就可以通过"<<"操作符读入数据了。
QDataStream in(a); //本地数据流 in.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_0); //设置流版本,以防数据格式错误 quint8 receiveClass; if(this->bytesAvailable() >= (sizeof(quint8))) { in >> receiveClass; }
6、接收文件
使用readAll读入TCP流中所有数据,再写入到QFile变量中
QByteArray inBlock; inBlock = a->readAll(); //读入所有数据 QFile receivedFile = new QFile(receiveFilePath); //打开接收文件 if (!receivedFile->open(QFile::WriteOnly )) { return;} QFile receivedFile->write(inBlock); //写入文件 inBlock.resize(0);
三、具体实现
1、全局定义
需要定义一些全局变量和常量,定义如下
//存储文件路径和文件名的结构体 struct openFileStruct { QString filePath; QString fileName; }; struct clientInfo //客户端信息 { QString ip; //ip int state; //状态 QString id; //id }; const quint8 sendtype_file = 0; //发送类型是文件 const quint8 sendtype_start_test = 10; //发送类型是开始测试 const quint8 sendtype_msg = 20; //发送类型是消息 const quint16 filetype_list = 0; //文件类型为列表 const quint16 filetype_wavfile = 1; //文件类型为wav文件 const QString clientStatus[7] = //客户端状态 {QObject::tr("Unconnected"),QObject::tr("HostLookup"),QObject::tr("Connecting"), QObject::tr("Connected"),QObject::tr("Bound"),QObject::tr("Listening"),QObject::tr("Closing")};
openFileStruct 用于主窗口,存储发送文件的路径和文件名
clientInfo 用于主窗口,存储每个客户端的信息
规定传输协议为先发送一个quint8的标志位,规定传输类型,即为sendtype定义的部分
sendtype为0时,发送文件。filetype为文件类型
发送文件协议为:发送类型 | 数据总大小 | 文件类型 | 文件名大小 | 文件名 | 文件内容
发送文件时,先发送一个文件列表,每行一个文件名,再逐个发送文件
clientStatus为客户端状态,与Qt内部的socket status定义相同
2、testClient类
一个testClient类实例为一个socket客户端描述
(1)类声明:
class testClient : public QTcpSocket { Q_OBJECT public: testClient(QObject *parent = 0); int num; //客户端序号 void prepareTransfer(std::vector<openFileStruct>& openFileList,int testtype_t); //准备传输文件 signals: void newClient(QString, int, int); //客户端信息变更信号 void outputlog(QString); //输出日志信息 void updateProgressSignal(qint64,qint64,int); //更新发送进度信号 void newClientInfo(QString,int,int); //更新客户端信息 private slots: void recvData(); //接收数据 void clientConnected(); //已连接 void clientDisconnected(); //断开连接 void newState(QAbstractSocket::SocketState); //新状态 void startTransfer(const quint16); //开始传输文件 void updateClientProgress(qint64 numBytes); //发送文件内容 void getSendFileList(QString path); //在指定路径生成发送文件列表 quint64 getSendTotalSize(); //获取sendFilePath对应文件加上头的大小 private: //发送文件所需变量 qint64 loadSize; //每次接收的数据块大小 qint64 TotalSendBytes; //总共需发送的字节数 qint64 bytesWritten; //已发送字节数 qint64 bytesToWrite; //待发送字节数 QString sendFileName; //待发送的文件的文件名 QString sendFilePath; //待发送的文件的文件路径 QFile *sendFile; //待发送的文件 QByteArray outBlock; //缓存一次发送的数据 int sendNum; //记录当前发送到第几个文件 int sendFileNum; //记录发送文件个数 int totalSendSize; //记录发送文件总大小 quint64 proBarMax; //发送进度条最大值 quint64 proBarValue; //进度条当前值 std::vector<openFileStruct> openList; //发送文件列表 //接收文件用变量 quint8 receiveClass; //0:文件,1:开始测试,20:客户端接收到文件反馈 quint16 fileClass; //待接收文件类型 qint64 TotalRecvBytes; //总共需接收的字节数 qint64 bytesReceived; //已接收字节数 qint64 fileNameSize; //待接收文件名字节数 QString receivedFileName; //待接收文件的文件名 QFile *receivedFile; //待接收文件 QByteArray inBlock; //接收临时存储块 qint64 totalBytesReceived; //接收的总大小 qint32 recvNum; //现在接收的是第几个 quint64 recvFileNum; //接收文件个数 quint64 totalRecvSize; //接收文件总大小 bool isReceived[3]; //是否收到客户端的接收文件反馈 };
public为需要上层访问的公有变量和函数
signals为向上层发送的信号,保证主窗口实时显示信息
private slots包括底层实现发送、接收消息的函数,以及信号处理的槽
private为私有变量,包括发送文件和接收文件所需的变量
(2)类定义:
构造函数:
testClient::testClient(QObject *parent) : QTcpSocket(parent) { //发送变量初始化 num = -1; loadSize = 100*1024; openList.clear(); //接收变量初始化 TotalRecvBytes = 0; bytesReceived = 0; fileNameSize = 0; recvFileNum = 0; totalRecvSize = 0; totalBytesReceived = 0; recvNum = 0; receiveClass = 255; fileClass = 0; for(int i=0; i<3; i++) isReceived[i] = false; //连接信号和槽 connect(this, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(recvData())); connect(this, SIGNAL(disconnected()), this, SLOT(clientDisconnected())); connect(this, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState)), this, SLOT(newState(QAbstractSocket::SocketState))); connect(this, SIGNAL(bytesWritten(qint64)), this, SLOT(updateClientProgress(qint64))); }
初始化变量
连接qt的tcp信号和自定义槽,包括:
readyRead() 接收消息信号
disconnected() 断开连接信号
stateChanged(QAbstractSocket::SocketState) 连接状态变更信号
bytesWritten(qint64) 已写入发送消息流信号
接收数据槽,设定服务器只接收一个文件:
void testClient::recvData() //接收数据,服务器只接收客户端的一个结果文件 { QDataStream in(this); //本地数据流 in.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_0); //设置流版本,以防数据格式错误 QString unit; qint32 msg; if(bytesReceived <= (sizeof(quint8))) { if(this->bytesAvailable() >= (sizeof(quint8))) { in >> receiveClass; } switch(receiveClass) { case sendtype_file: //接收文件 bytesReceived += sizeof(quint8); qDebug() << "bytesReceived: " << bytesReceived; break; case sendtype_msg: in >> msg; if(msg == 0) //接收文件列表 { emit outputlog(tr("client %1 have received list file") .arg(this->peerAddress().toString())); } else if(msg == 1) //接收文件 { emit outputlog(tr("client %1 have received file(s)") .arg(this->peerAddress().toString())); } return; default: return; } } if(bytesReceived >= (sizeof(quint8)) && bytesReceived <= (sizeof(quint8) + sizeof(qint64)*2 + sizeof(quint16))) //开始接收文件,先接受报头 { //收3个int型数据,分别存储总长度、文件类型和文件名长度 if( ( this->bytesAvailable() >= (sizeof(qint64)*2 + sizeof(quint16)) ) && (fileNameSize == 0) ) { in >> TotalRecvBytes >> fileClass >> fileNameSize; bytesReceived += sizeof(qint64)*2; //收到多少字节 bytesReceived += sizeof(quint16); if(fileClass == filetype_result) { recvNum = 1; recvFileNum = 1; totalRecvSize = TotalRecvBytes; //只有一个文件,文件总大小为该文件发送大小 totalBytesReceived += sizeof(qint64)*2; totalBytesReceived += sizeof(quint16); totalBytesReceived += sizeof(quint8); emit newClientInfo(tr("receiving result"),num,4); } else { QMessageBox::warning(NULL,tr("WARNING"),tr("client %1 send wrong type of file to server") .arg(this->peerAddress().toString())); return; } } //接着收文件名并建立文件 if((this->bytesAvailable() >= fileNameSize)&&(fileNameSize != 0)) { in >> receivedFileName; bytesReceived += fileNameSize; totalBytesReceived += fileNameSize; QString receiveFilePath = receive_path + "/" + receivedFileName; //接收文件路径 emit outputlog(tr("receive from client %1\nsave as:%2") .arg(this->peerAddress().toString()) .arg(receiveFilePath)); //建立文件 receivedFile = new QFile(receiveFilePath); if (!receivedFile->open(QFile::WriteOnly )) { QMessageBox::warning(NULL, tr("WARNING"), tr("cannot open file %1:\n%2.").arg(receivedFileName).arg(receivedFile->errorString())); return; } } else { return; } } //一个文件没有接受完 if (bytesReceived < TotalRecvBytes) { //可用内容比整个文件长度-已接收长度短,则全部接收并写入文件 qint64 tmp_Abailable = this->bytesAvailable(); if(tmp_Abailable <= (TotalRecvBytes - bytesReceived)) { bytesReceived += tmp_Abailable; totalBytesReceived += tmp_Abailable; inBlock = this->readAll(); receivedFile->write(inBlock); inBlock.resize(0); tmp_Abailable = 0; } //可用内容比整个文件长度-已接收长度长,则接收所需内容,并写入文件 else { inBlock = this->read(TotalRecvBytes - bytesReceived); if(fileClass == filetype_wavfile) { totalBytesReceived += (TotalRecvBytes - bytesReceived); } bytesReceived = TotalRecvBytes; receivedFile->write(inBlock); inBlock.resize(0); tmp_Abailable = 0; } } emit updateProgressSignal(totalBytesReceived,totalRecvSize,num); //更新发送进度信号 //善后:一个文件全部收完则重置变量关闭文件流,删除指针 if (bytesReceived == TotalRecvBytes) { //变量重置 TotalRecvBytes = 0; bytesReceived = 0; fileNameSize = 0; receiveClass = 255; receivedFile->close(); delete receivedFile; //输出信息 emit outputlog(tr("Have received file: %1 from client %2") .arg(receivedFileName) .arg(this->peerAddress().toString())); //log information //全部文件接收完成 if(recvNum == recvFileNum) { //变量重置 recvFileNum = 0; recvNum = 0; totalBytesReceived = 0; totalRecvSize = 0; emit outputlog(tr("Receive all done!")); } if(fileClass == filetype_result) { emit newClientInfo(tr("Evaluating"),num,4); } } }
接收文件时,需要一步一步判断接收字节是否大于协议的下一项,若大于则再判断其值
接收的文件类型必须是filetype_result
未接收完记录接收进度
接收完文件进行善后,关闭文件流删除指针等
每进行完一步,向上层发送信号,包括客户端信息和接收进度
更新客户端状态函数,向上层发送信号
void testClient::newState(QAbstractSocket::SocketState state) //新状态 { emit newClient(this->peerAddress().toString(), (int)state, num); }
发送的信号参数为:该客户端IP,状态序号,客户端编号
开始传输文件函数(发送包含文件信息的文件头)
void testClient::startTransfer(const quint16 type) //开始传输文件 { TotalSendBytes = 0; //总共需发送的字节数 bytesWritten = 0; //已发送字节数 bytesToWrite = 0; //待发送字节数 //开始传输文件信号 emit outputlog(tr("start sending file to client: %1\n filename: %2") .arg(this->peerAddress().toString()) .arg(sendFileName)); sendFile = new QFile(sendFilePath); if (!sendFile->open(QFile::ReadOnly )) //读取发送文件 { QMessageBox::warning(NULL, tr("WARNING"), tr("can not read file %1:\n%2.") .arg(sendFilePath) .arg(sendFile->errorString())); return; } TotalSendBytes = sendFile->size(); QDataStream sendOut(&outBlock, QIODevice::WriteOnly); sendOut.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_0); //写入发送类型,数据大小,文件类型,文件名大小,文件名 sendOut << quint8(0) << qint64(0) << quint16(0) << qint64(0) << sendFileName; TotalSendBytes += outBlock.size(); sendOut.device()->seek(0); sendOut << quint8(sendtype_file)<< TotalSendBytes << quint16(type) << qint64((outBlock.size() - sizeof(qint64) * 2) - sizeof(quint16) - sizeof(quint8)); this->writeData(outBlock,outBlock.size()); //this->flush(); bytesToWrite = TotalSendBytes - outBlock.size(); outBlock.resize(0); }
读取发送文件
建立发送文件头
用writeData将文件头写入TCP发送流,记录已发送字节数
发送文件内容:
void testClient::updateClientProgress(qint64 numBytes) //发送文件内容 { if(TotalSendBytes == 0) return; bytesWritten += (int)numBytes; proBarValue += (int)numBytes; emit updateProgressSignal(proBarValue,proBarMax,num); //更新发送进度信号 if (bytesToWrite > 0) { outBlock = sendFile->read(qMin(bytesToWrite, loadSize)); bytesToWrite -= (int)this->writeData(outBlock,outBlock.size()); outBlock.resize(0); } else { sendFile->close(); //结束传输文件信号 if(TotalSendBytes < 1024) { emit outputlog(tr("finish sending file to client: %1\n filename: %2 %3B") .arg(this->peerAddress().toString()) .arg(sendFileName) .arg(TotalSendBytes)); } else if(TotalSendBytes < 1024*1024) { emit outputlog(tr("finish sending file to client: %1\n filename: %2 %3KB") .arg(this->peerAddress().toString()) .arg(sendFileName) .arg(TotalSendBytes / 1024.0)); } else { emit outputlog(tr("finish sending file to client: %1\n filename: %2 %3MB") .arg(this->peerAddress().toString()) .arg(sendFileName) .arg(TotalSendBytes / (1024.0*1024.0))); } if(sendNum < openList.size()) //还有文件需要发送 { if(sendNum == 0) { //QFile::remove(sendFilePath); //删除列表文件 proBarMax = totalSendSize; proBarValue = 0; } sendFilePath = openList[sendNum].filePath; sendFileName = openList[sendNum].fileName; sendNum++; startTransfer(filetype_wavfile); } else //发送结束 { emit newClientInfo(tr("send complete"),num,4); TotalSendBytes = 0; //总共需发送的字节数 bytesWritten = 0; //已发送字节数 bytesToWrite = 0; //待发送字节数 } } }
文件未发送完:记录发送字节数,writeData继续发送,writeData一旦写入发送流,自动又进入updateClientProgress函数
文件已发送完:发出信号,检测是否还有文件需要发送,若有则调用startTransfer继续发送,若没有则发出信号,更新客户端信息
准备传输文件函数,被上层调用,参数为发送文件列表:
void testClient::prepareTransfer(std::vector<openFileStruct>& openFileList) //准备传输文件 { if(openFileList.size() == 0) //没有文件 { return; } testtype_now = testtype_t; isSendKeyword = false; for(int i=0; i<2; i++) isReceived[i] = false; openList.clear(); openList.assign(openFileList.begin(),openFileList.end()); //拷贝文件列表 QString sendFileListName = "sendFileList.txt"; QString sendFileListPath = temp_Path + "/" + sendFileListName; getSendFileList(sendFileListPath); //在指定路径生成发送文件列表 emit newClientInfo(tr("sending test files"),num,4); //更新主窗口测试阶段 sendFilePath = sendFileListPath; sendFileName = sendFileListName; sendNum = 0; //发送到第几个文件 proBarMax = getSendTotalSize(); proBarValue = 0; startTransfer(filetype_list); //开始传输文件 }
拷贝文件列表
生成发送文件列表文件
更新主窗口信息
开始传输列表文件
上面调用的生成列表文件函数如下:
void testClient::getSendFileList(QString path) //在指定路径生成发送文件列表 { sendFileNum = openList.size(); //记录发送文件个数 totalSendSize = 0; //记录发送文件总大小 for(int i = 0; i < sendFileNum; i++) { sendFileName = openList[i].fileName; sendFilePath = openList[i].filePath; totalSendSize += getSendTotalSize(); } FILE *fp; fp = fopen(path.toLocal8Bit().data(),"w"); fprintf(fp,"%d\n",sendFileNum); fprintf(fp,"%d\n",totalSendSize); for(int i = 0; i < sendFileNum; i++) { fprintf(fp,"%s\n",openList[i].fileName.toLocal8Bit().data()); } fclose(fp); }
被上面调用getSendTotalSize函数如下:
quint64 testClient::getSendTotalSize() //获取sendFilePath对应文件加上头的大小 { int totalsize; //计算列表文件及文件头总大小 QFile *file = new QFile(sendFilePath); if (!file->open(QFile::ReadOnly )) //读取发送文件 { QMessageBox::warning(NULL, tr("WARNING"), tr("can not read file %1:\n%2.") .arg(sendFilePath) .arg(file->errorString())); return 0; } totalsize = file->size(); //文件内容大小 QDataStream sendOut(&outBlock, QIODevice::WriteOnly); sendOut.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_0); //写入发送类型,数据大小,文件类型,文件名大小,文件名 sendOut << quint8(0) << qint64(0) << quint16(0) << qint64(0) << sendFileName; totalsize += outBlock.size(); //文件头大小 file->close(); outBlock.resize(0); return totalsize; }
3、testServer类
一个testClient类实例为一个socket服务器端描述
(1)类声明:
class testServer : public QTcpServer { Q_OBJECT public: testServer(QObject *parent = 0); std::vector<testClientp> clientList; //客户端tcp连接 std::vector<QString> ipList; //客户端ip int totalClient; //客户端数 protected: void incomingConnection(int socketDescriptor); //虚函数,有tcp请求时会触发 signals: void error(QTcpSocket::SocketError socketError); //错误信号 void newClientSignal(QString clientIP,int state,int threadNum); //将新客户端信息发给主窗口 void updateProgressSignal(qint64,qint64,int); //更新发送进度信号 void outputlogSignal(QString); //发送日志消息信号 void newClientInfoSignal(QString,int,int); //更新客户端信息 public slots: void newClientSlot(QString clientIP,int state,int threadNum); //将新客户端信息发给主窗口 void updateProgressSlot(qint64,qint64,int); //更新发送进度槽 void outputlogSlot(QString); //发送日志消息槽 void newClientInfoSlot(QString,int,int); //更新客户端信息 private: int getClientNum(testClientp socket); //检测用户,若存在,返回下标,若不存在,返回用户数 };
public:需要主窗口访问的变量
incomingConnection:接收tcp请求
signals:发送客户端信息的信号
public slots:接收下层testClient信号的槽,并向上层主窗口发送信号
private:检测用户是否存在的辅助函数
(2)类定义:
构造函数:
testServer::testServer(QObject *parent) : QTcpServer(parent) { totalClient = 0; clientList.clear(); ipList.clear(); }
接收tcp请求函数:
void testServer::incomingConnection(int socketDescriptor) { testClient *socket = new testClient(this); if (!socket->setSocketDescriptor(socketDescriptor)) { QMessageBox::warning(NULL,"ERROR",socket->errorString()); emit error(socket->error()); return; } int num = getClientNum(socket); //检测用户,若存在,返回下标,若不存在,返回用户数 socket->num = num; //记录序号 emit newClientSignal(socket->peerAddress().toString(),(int)socket->state(),num); //将新客户端信息发给主窗口 //连接信号和槽 connect(socket, SIGNAL(newClient(QString,int,int)), this, SLOT(newClientSlot(QString,int,int))); connect(socket, SIGNAL(outputlog(QString)), this, SLOT(outputlogSlot(QString))); connect(socket, SIGNAL(updateProgressSignal(qint64,qint64,int)), this, SLOT(updateProgressSlot(qint64,qint64,int))); connect(socket, SIGNAL(newClientInfo(QString,int,int)), this, SLOT(newClientInfoSlot(QString,int,int))); connect(socket, SIGNAL(readyToTest(int,int)), this, SLOT(readyToTestSlot(int,int))); connect(socket, SIGNAL(startEvaluate(int,QString)), this, SLOT(startEvaluateSlot(int,QString))); connect(socket, SIGNAL(evaluateComplete(int,QString,int)), this, SLOT(evaluateCompleteSlot(int,QString,int))); if(num == totalClient) totalClient++; }
通过setSocketDescriptor获取当前接入的socket描述符
检测用户是否存在,记录序号
向主窗口发送信号,连接下层testClient信号和接收槽
更新客户端总数
检测用户是否存在的函数
int testServer::getClientNum(testClientp socket) //检测用户,若存在,返回下标,若不存在,加入列表 { for(int i = 0; i < ipList.size(); i++) { qDebug() << "No." << i << "ip: " << ipList[i]; if(ipList[i] == socket->peerAddress().toString()) { clientList[i] = socket; return i; } } clientList.push_back(socket); //存入客户列表 ipList.push_back(socket->peerAddress().toString()); //存入ip列表 return totalClient; }
其他发送信号的函数均为连接下层和上层的中转,由于比较简单就不赘述了
4、主窗口
在主窗口(继承自QMainWindow)绘制所需控件:
lineEdit_ipaddress:显示服务器IP
lineEdit_port:设置服务器端口
listWidget_sendwav:发送文件列表
tableWidget_clientlist:客户端信息列表,显示所有客户端IP,接入状态,发送/接收进度条
textEdit_status:状态栏
pushButton_addwav:添加发送文件按钮
pushButton_deletewav:删除发送文件按钮
pushButton_startserver:开启/关闭服务器按钮
pushButton_senddata:发送数据按钮
pushButton_deleteclient:删除客户端按钮
主窗口需定义的变量
testServer *tcpServer; //tcp服务器指针 bool isServerOn; //服务器是否开启 std::vector<openFileStruct> openFileList; //存储目录和文件名对
开启/关闭服务器按钮
void testwhynot::on_pushButton_startserver_clicked() //开启服务器 { if(isServerOn == false) { tcpServer = new testServer(this); ui->comboBox_testtype->setEnabled(false); //开启服务器后不能更改测试类型 ui->pushButton_addwav->setEnabled(false); //不能更改wav列表 ui->pushButton_deletewav->setEnabled(false); //监听本地主机端口,如果出错就输出错误信息,并关闭 if(!tcpServer->listen(QHostAddress::Any,ui->lineEdit_port->text().toInt())) { QMessageBox::warning(NULL,"ERROR",tcpServer->errorString()); return; } isServerOn = true; ui->pushButton_startserver->setText(tr("close server")); //显示到状态栏 ui->textEdit_status->append(tr("%1 start server: %2:%3") .arg(getcurrenttime()) .arg(ipaddress) .arg(ui->lineEdit_port->text())); //链接错误处理信号和槽 //connect(this,SIGNAL(error(int,QString)),this,SLOT(displayError(int,QString))); //处理多客户端,连接从客户端线程发出的信号和主窗口的槽 //连接客户端信息更改信号和槽 connect(tcpServer,SIGNAL(newClientSignal(QString,int,int)),this,SLOT(acceptNewClient(QString,int,int))); //连接日志消息信号和槽 connect(tcpServer,SIGNAL(outputlogSignal(QString)), this,SLOT(acceptOutputlog(QString))); //连接更新发送进度信号和槽 connect(tcpServer, SIGNAL(updateProgressSignal(qint64,qint64,int)), this, SLOT(acceptUpdateProgress(qint64,qint64,int))); //连接更新客户端信息列表信号和槽 connect(tcpServer, SIGNAL(newClientInfoSignal(QString,int,int)), this, SLOT(acceptNewClientInfo(QString,int,int))); //显示到状态栏 ui->textEdit_status->append(tr("%1 wait for client...") .arg(getcurrenttime())); } else { isServerOn = false; ui->pushButton_startserver->setText(tr("start server")); //断开所有客户端连接,发出disconnected()信号 for(int i=0; i<tcpServer->clientList.size(); i++) { if(ui->tableWidget_clientlist->item(i,2)->text() == clientStatus[3]) //处于连接状态才断开,否则无法访问testClientp指针 { testClientp p = tcpServer->clientList[i]; p->close(); } } //清空列表 tcpServer->clientList.clear(); tcpServer->ipList.clear(); clientInfoList.clear(); for(int i=0; i<ui->tableWidget_clientlist->rowCount(); ) ui->tableWidget_clientlist->removeRow(i); tcpServer->close(); //关闭服务器 ui->textEdit_status->append(tr("%1 clost server.").arg(getcurrenttime())); ui->comboBox_testtype->setEnabled(true); //可以重新选择测试类型 ui->pushButton_addwav->setEnabled(true); //能更改wav列表 ui->pushButton_deletewav->setEnabled(true); //按钮无效化 ui->pushButton_senddata->setEnabled(false); ui->pushButton_starttest->setEnabled(false); ui->pushButton_deleteclient->setEnabled(false); } }
注意:
1、listen(“监听类型”,“端口号”) 用于开启服务器,在指定端口监听客户端连接
2、connect连接了客户端更新信息的信号,来自下层testServer类
发送数据按钮
void testwhynot::on_pushButton_senddata_clicked() //发送数据 { //多客户端发送数据 if(ui->comboBox_testtype->currentIndex() == testtype_keyword) { if(!check_file(keyword_filepath)) return; } vector<clientInfo>::iterator it; //遍历所有客户端信息,确保都处于“已连接”状态 for(it=clientInfoList.begin(); it!=clientInfoList.end(); it++) { if((*it).state != 3) //有客户端未处于“已连接”状态 { QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("WARNING"),tr("client %1 is not connected.").arg((*it).ip)); return; } } //没有文件 if(openFileList.size() == 0) { QMessageBox::warning(NULL,tr("WARNING"),tr("no file! can not send!")); return; } for(int i = 0; i < tcpServer->clientList.size(); i++) { tcpServer->clientList[i]->prepareTransfer(openFileList,ui->comboBox_testtype->currentIndex()); } //按钮无效化 ui->pushButton_senddata->setEnabled(false); }
调用底层prepareTransfer函数开始传输
删除客户端按钮
void testwhynot::on_pushButton_deleteclient_clicked() { QList<QTableWidgetItem*> list = ui->tableWidget_clientlist->selectedItems(); //读取所有被选中的item if(list.size() == 0) //没有被选中的就返回 { QMessageBox::warning(this,QObject::tr("warning"),QObject::tr("please select a test client")); return; } std::set<int> del_row; //记录要删除的行号,用set防止重复 for(int i=0; i<list.size(); i++) //删除选中的项 { QTableWidgetItem* sel = list[i]; //指向选中的item的指针 if (sel) { int row = ui->tableWidget_clientlist->row(sel); //获取行号 del_row.insert(row); } } std::vector<int> del_list; //赋值给del_list,set本身为有序 for(std::set<int>::iterator it=del_row.begin(); it!=del_row.end(); it++) { del_list.push_back(*it); } for(int i=del_list.size()-1; i>=0; i--) //逆序遍历 { testClientp p = tcpServer->clientList[del_list[i]]; p->close(); ui->tableWidget_clientlist->removeRow(del_list[i]); //从显示列表中删除行 clientInfoList.erase(clientInfoList.begin() + del_list[i]); //从内部列表删除 tcpServer->ipList.erase(tcpServer->ipList.begin() + del_list[i]); tcpServer->clientList.erase(tcpServer->clientList.begin() + del_list[i]); tcpServer->totalClient--; } for(int i=0; i<tcpServer->clientList.size(); i++) { tcpServer->clientList[i]->num = i; } if(clientInfoList.empty()) //没有客户端,删除按钮无效化 { ui->pushButton_deleteclient->setEnabled(false); } }
删除客户端较麻烦,由于支持多选删除,需要先将选中的行号排序、去重、从大到小遍历删除(防止删除后剩余行号变化)
不仅要关闭客户端,还要将其从显示列表和内部列表删除,保持显示和实际列表同步
上述便是基于tcp传输的发送/接收服务器端的搭建,客户端只需遵从上述的发送协议搭建即可,客户端发送与接收与服务器基本相同,也不赘述了。
本文偏重于工程实现,Qt的TCP传输原理叙述不多,若要深入了解qt套接字编程,请参考:http://cool.worm.blog.163.com/blog/static/64339006200842922851118/