Oracle数据库安装

注意事项

1. 计算机硬件要求（主要是内存容量）
2. 计算机软件要求
3. 32操作系统不安装64位Oracle/操作系统和Oracle版本是否匹配
4. 安装路径避免中文和特殊字符
5. Window登录用户名避免中文和特殊字符
6. 拔掉网线
7. 关掉其他软件
8. 关掉防火墙和杀毒软件
9. 安装JDK配置环境变量
10. 安装相应的.net组件[建议使用驱动精灵检测]

开始安装

1，准备安装包

2，解压

 

3，右键以管理员的身份运行setup.exe安装

 

 3，打开之后

 

 4，等待

 

  5，下一步

 

  6，下一步

 

  7，下一步-每一个数据库可以想象为一个实例，所以此处表示只存在一个数据库的含义

 

  8，下一步 选择高级安装

 

  9，下一步-选择语言

 

  10，下一步--选择企业版

 

 11，下一步--此处设置Oracle的安装目录，将其安装到app目录下

 

  12，下一步--选择一般用途

 

 13，下一步--此处输入数据库的名称，同时SID与数据库的名称相同

 

  14，下一步--选择内存【建议默认】

 

  15，下一步

  16，下一步

 

  17，下一步

 

 18，下一步-Oracle本身提供了多个操作用户，为了简单管理，所有的密码都统一设置为“123456”。随后将进行安装环境的检验，如果检验之中出现了错误，则会提示用户，或者由用户选择“忽略”。

 

 19，下一步--是

 

  20，是-安装前的条件检查

 

 21，完成之后可能会出现  ---点击全部忽略

 

 23，完成---数据库就开始安装了

 

 

 24，等待

 

  25，安装完成

 

 

 

 Oracle开放外网连接。listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

#(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
#(PROGRAM = extproc)
# (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
       (SID_NAME = ORCL) 
       (ORACLE_HOME = E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
    )

  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.178)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = E:\app\Administrator

sqlnet.ora

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to 
# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native 
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER_ORCL =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.178)(PORT = 1521))

ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = CLRExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.178)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

oracle创建命名空间

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE gz_temp
TEMPFILE 'E:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl\gz_temp.dbf'
SIZE 32M
AUTOEXTEND ON       
NEXT 32M MAXSIZE 2048M   
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;


create tablespace gz
logging
datafile  'E:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl\gz.dbf'
size 7167M
autoextend on
next 3072M maxsize 32767M
autoallocate            
extent management local
segment space management auto;


create user gz identified by "123456"
default tablespace gz
temporary tablespace tongtai_temp profile DEFAULT;


grant connect,resource,dba to user;

imp gz/123456@192.168.141.12:1521/orcl file=d:\20190311.dmp full=y

//修改密码为无限制
ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED ;

自动备份oracle数据库

@echo off
echo 正在备份 Oracle 数据库，请稍等......
exp xx/xx@192.168.140.51/orcl file=D:/backup/bak_%date:~0,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2%.dmp log=D:/backup/bak_%date:~0,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2%.log 
echo 任务完成！