Socket I/O模型之选择(select)(转)
http://tangfeng.iteye.com/blog/518135
在windows平台构建网络应用,必须了解socket I/O模型。windows提供了选择(select)、异步选择(WSAAsyncSelect)、事件选择(WSAEventSelect)、重叠I /O(overlapped I/O)和完成端口(completion port)。
一、客户端代码
- #include "stdafx.h"
- #include <WINSOCK2.H>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
- #define SERVER_ADDRESS "192.168.10.56"
- #define PORT 5150
- #define MSGSIZE 1024
- int main(int argc, char* argv[])
- {
- WSADATA wsaData;
- SOCKET sClient;
- SOCKADDR_IN server;
- char szMessage[MSGSIZE];
- int ret;
- // Initialize windows socket library
- WSAStartup(0x0202, &wsaData);
- // Create client socket
- sClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
- // Connect to server
- memset(&server, 0, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
- server.sin_family = AF_INET;
- server.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(SERVER_ADDRESS);
- server.sin_port = htons(PORT);
- connect(sClient, (sockaddr*)&server, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
- while (TRUE)
- {
- printf("Send:");
- gets(szMessage);
- // Send message
- send(sClient, szMessage, strlen(szMessage), 0);
- // Receive message
- ret = recv(sClient, szMessage, MSGSIZE, 0);
- szMessage[ret] = '\0';
- printf("Received [%d bytes]: '%s'\n", ret, szMessage);
- }
- // Clean up
- closesocket(sClient);
- WSACleanup();
- return 0;
- }
这是一个最简单的客户端代码,负责发送数据,然后接受返回。
二、使用select模型的服务器
- // write by larry
- // 2009-8-20
- // This is server using select model.
- #include "stdafx.h"
- #include <winsock.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #define PORT 5150
- #define MSGSIZE 1024
- #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
- int g_iTotalConn = 0;
- SOCKET g_CliSocketArr[FD_SETSIZE];
- DWORD WINAPI WorkerThread(LPVOID lpParam);
- int main(int argc, char* argv[])
- {
- WSADATA wsaData;
- SOCKET sListen, sClient;
- SOCKADDR_IN local, client;
- int iAddrSize = sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN);
- DWORD dwThreadId;
- // Initialize windows socket library
- WSAStartup(0x0202, &wsaData);
- // Create listening socket
- sListen = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
- // Bind
- local.sin_family = AF_INET;
- local.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
- local.sin_port = htons(PORT);
- bind(sListen, (sockaddr*)&local, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
- // Listen
- listen(sListen, 3);
- // Create worker thread
- CreateThread(NULL, 0, WorkerThread, NULL, 0, &dwThreadId);
- while (TRUE)
- {
- // Accept a connection
- sClient = accept(sListen, (sockaddr*)&client, &iAddrSize);
- printf("Accepted client:%s:%d\n", inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr), ntohs(client.sin_port));
- // Add socket to g_CliSocketArr
- g_CliSocketArr[g_iTotalConn++] = sClient;
- }
- return 0;
- }
- DWORD WINAPI WorkerThread(LPVOID lpParam)
- {
- int i;
- fd_set fdread;
- int ret;
- struct timeval tv = {1, 0};
- char szMessage[MSGSIZE];
- while (TRUE)
- {
- FD_ZERO(&fdread);
- for (i = 0; i < g_iTotalConn; i++)
- {
- FD_SET(g_CliSocketArr[i], &fdread);
- }
- // We only care read event
- ret = select(0, &fdread, NULL, NULL, &tv);
- if (ret == 0)
- {
- // Time expired
- continue;
- }
- for (i = 0; i < g_iTotalConn; i++)
- {
- if (FD_ISSET(g_CliSocketArr[i], &fdread))
- {
- // A read event happened on g_CliSocketArr
- ret = recv(g_CliSocketArr[i], szMessage, MSGSIZE, 0);
- if (ret == 0 || (ret == SOCKET_ERROR && WSAGetLastError() == WSAECONNRESET))
- {
- // Client socket closed
- printf("Client socket %d closed.\n", g_CliSocketArr[i]);
- closesocket(g_CliSocketArr[i]);
- if (i < g_iTotalConn-1)
- {
- g_CliSocketArr[i--] = g_CliSocketArr[--g_iTotalConn];
- }
- }
- else
- {
- // We reveived a message from client
- szMessage[ret] = '\0';
- send(g_CliSocketArr[i], szMessage, strlen(szMessage), 0);
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
这是异步模型中最简单的一种,服务器端的几个主要流程如下:
1.创建监听套接字,绑定,监听;
2.创建工作者线程;
3.创建一个套接字数组,用来存放当前所有活动的客户端套接字,每accept一个连接就更新一次数组;
4.接受客户端的连接。