基于URL权限拦截的实现
一、实现原理
1.实现原理
本示例采用SpringMVC的拦截器来实现一个基于URL的权限拦截。
2.权限管理流程
二、数据库搭建
1.用户表(sys_user)
(1)表结构
(2)表字段说明
id:主键
usercode:登录用户名
username:姓名
passsword:密码
salt:盐
locked:是否锁定
(3)表数据
INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES ('lisi', 'lisi', '李四', '96e79218965eb72c92a549dd5a330112', 'uiwueylm', '0');
INSERT INTO `sys_user` VALUES ('zhangsan', 'zhangsan', '张三', '96e79218965eb72c92a549dd5a330112', 'eteokues', '0');
2.角色表(sys_role)
(1)表结构
(2)表字段说明
id:主键
name:角色名称
avaliable:是否启用
(3)表数据
INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES ('ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f28', '商品管理员', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_role` VALUES ('ebc9d647-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f28', '用户管理员', '1');
3.权限表(sys_premission)
(1)表结构
(2)表字段说明
id:主键
name:资源名称
type:资源类型
url:访问url地址
percode:权限代码字符串
parentid:父结点id
parentids:父结点id列表串
sortstring:排序号
available:是否启用
(3)表数据
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('1', '权限', '', '', null, '0', '0/', '0', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('11', '商品管理', 'menu', 'queryItems.action', null, '1', '0/1/', '1.', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('12', '商品新增', 'permission', '/item/add.action', 'item:create', '11', '0/1/11/', '', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('13', '商品修改', 'permission', '/updateitems.action', 'item:update', '11', '0/1/11/', '', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('14', '商品删除', 'permission', '', 'item:delete', '11', '0/1/11/', '', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('15', '商品查询', 'permission', '/queryItems.action', 'item:query', '11', '0/1/11/', null, '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('21', '用户管理', 'menu', '/user/query.action', 'user:query', '1', '0/1/', '2.', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('22', '用户新增', 'permission', '', 'user:create', '21', '0/1/21/', '', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('23', '用户修改', 'permission', '', 'user:update', '21', '0/1/21/', '', '1');
INSERT INTO `sys_permission` VALUES ('24', '用户删除', 'permission', '', 'user:delete', '21', '0/1/21/', '', '1');
4.用户角色表(sys_user_role)
(1)表结构
(2)表字段说明
id:主键
sys_user_id:用户id
sys_role_id:角色id
(3)表数据
INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES ('ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f28', 'zhangsan', 'ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c');
INSERT INTO `sys_user_role` VALUES ('ebc9d647-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f28', 'lisi', 'ebc9d647-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c');
5.角色权限表(sys_role_premission)
(1)表结构
(2)表字段说明
id:主键
sys_permission_id:权限id
sys_role_id:角色id
(3)表数据
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES ('ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f21', 'ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c', '12');
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES ('ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f22', 'ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c', '11');
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES ('ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f24', 'ebc9d647-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c', '21');
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES ('ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f25', 'ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c', '15');
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES ('ebc9d647-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f23', 'ebc9d647-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c', '22');
INSERT INTO `sys_role_permission` VALUES ('ebc9d647-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c3f26', 'ebc8a441-c6f9-11e4-b137-0adc305c', '13');
6.商品表(items)
(1)表结构
(2)表字段说明
id:主键
name:商品名称
price:商品价格
detil:商品描述
pic:商品图片url
createtime:创建时间
(3)表数据
INSERT INTO `items` VALUES ('1', '台式机', '3000.0', '该电脑质量非常好!!!!', null, '2015-02-03 13:22:53');
INSERT INTO `items` VALUES ('2', '笔记本', '6000.0', '笔记本性能好,质量好!!!!!', null, '2015-02-09 13:22:57');
INSERT INTO `items` VALUES ('3', '背包', '200.0', '名牌背包,容量大质量好!!!!', null, '2015-02-06 13:23:02');
三、程序实现
(一)认证
1.系统登录流程
系统 登陆相当 于用户身份认证,用户成功,要在session中记录用户的身份信息.
操作流程:
1. 用户进行登陆页面
2. 输入用户名和密码进行登陆
3. 进行用户名和密码校验
4. 如果校验通过,在session记录用户身份信息
2.创建专门类用于记录用户身份信息
public class ActiveUser {
//用户id
private String userid;
//用户账号
private String usercode;
//用户名称
private String username;
//getter and setter....
}
3.mybatis的mapper和mapper接口
(1)ActiveUserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.jack.mapper.ActiveUserMapper">
<select id="authenticat" parameterType="String" resultType="activeUser" >
SELECT * FROM sys_user WHERE usercode = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
(2)ActiveUserMapper.java
public interface ActiveUserMapper {
public ActiveUser authenticat(String usercode) throws Exception;
}
4.service(进行用户名和密码校验)
public interface UserService {
//根据用户名和密码进行身份验证,如果通过,则返回身份信息
public ActiveUser authenticat(String usercode, String password) throws Exception;
}
5.验证的实现类
public ActiveUser authenticat(String usercode, String password) throws Exception {
//查询该用户
User user = userMapper.authenticat(usercode);
if(user == null){
throw new ItemsException("该账号不存在");
}
//得到用户的id
String userid = user.getId();
//获取该用户的密码
String user_password = user.getPassword();
MD5 md5 = new MD5();
String passwprd1 = md5.getMD5ofStr(password);
//将密码和输入的密码进行比较
if(!user_password.equals(passwprd1)){
throw new ItemsException("用户名或密码错误");
}
//认证通过,返回认证信息
ActiveUser activeUser = new ActiveUser();
activeUser.setUsercode(user.getUsercode());
activeUser.setUsername(user.getUsername());
activeUser.setUserid(user.getId());
return activeUser;
}
6.controller
/**
* TODO:登录controller
* @param session 系统session
* @param randomcode 验证码
* @param usercode 用户账号
* @param password //用户密码
* @return 重定向
* @throws Exception
*/
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login (HttpSession session,String randomcode,String usercode,String password)throws Exception{
//从session中获取验证码信息
String validateCode = (String) session.getAttribute("validateCode");
//对比验证码信息
/* if(!validateCode.equals(randomcode)){
//验证码不一致,抛出异常
throw new ItemsException("验证码错误");
}*/
//检验账号密码是否正确
ActiveUser activeUser = userService.authenticat(usercode,password);
//将身份信息保存到session
session.setAttribute("activeUser",activeUser);
return "redirect:/first.action";
}
7.创建保存匿名访问地址的properties文件
#可以匿名访问的url地址
login.action = 登录
8.编写登录的拦截器LoginIntersector
public class LoginIntersector implements HandlerInterceptor{
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
//得到请求的URL
String url = httpServletRequest.getRequestURI();
//判断是否是公开地址
//1.从配置文件中获取全部公开地址
List<String> anonymousUrl = ResourcesUtil.gekeyList("./config/anonymousURL");
//对比URL
for (String an_url: anonymousUrl) {
if(url.indexOf(an_url) >= 0){
//如果是公开地址,放行
return true;
}
}
//获取session
HttpSession session = httpServletRequest.getSession();
//获取身份信息
ActiveUser activeUser = (ActiveUser) session.getAttribute("activeUser");
//判断身份信息在session中是否存在
if(activeUser != null){
//存在放行
return true;
}
//跳转到登录页面
httpServletRequest.getRequestDispatcher("/page/login.jsp").forward(httpServletRequest,httpServletResponse);
return false;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
}
}
9.配置登录的拦截器
<!--配置全局的拦截器-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<!--多个拦截器顺序执行-->
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.jack.intersector.LoginIntersector" />
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
(二)、授权
1.流程
在用户认证时,认证通过,根据用户id从数据库获取用户权限范围的菜单,将菜单的集合存储在session中。
2.修改用于记录用户身份信息的类
public class ActiveUser {
//用户id
private String userid;
//用户账号
private String usercode;
//用户名称
private String username;
//用户权限列表
private List<SysPermission> menus;
//用户菜单列表
private List<SysPermission> permissions;
3.mapper和mapper接口
(1) SyspermissionMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.jack.mapper.SyspermissionMapper">
<select id="findMenuListByUserId" parameterType="String" resultType="sysPermission">
SELECT
*
FROM
sys_permission
WHERE
type = 'menu'
AND
id IN (
SELECT
sys_permission_id
FROM
sys_role_permission
WHERE
sys_role_id IN (
SELECT
sys_role_id
FROM
sys_user_role
WHERE
sys_user_id =#{id}
)
)
</select>
<select id="findPermissionListByUserId" parameterType="String" resultType="sysPermission">
SELECT
*
FROM
sys_permission
WHERE
type = 'permission'
AND
id IN (
SELECT
sys_permission_id
FROM
sys_role_permission
WHERE
sys_role_id IN (
SELECT
sys_role_id
FROM
sys_user_role
WHERE
sys_user_id =#{id}
)
)
</select>
</mapper>
(2)SyspermissionMapper.java
public interface SyspermissionMapper {
//获取用户的权限列表
public List<SysPermission> findPermissionListByUserId(String userid) throws Exception;
//获取用户的菜单列表
public List<SysPermission> findMenuListByUserId(String userid) throws Exception;
}
(4)修改service接口实现类
public ActiveUser authenticat(String usercode, String password) throws Exception {
//查询该用户
User user = userMapper.authenticat(usercode);
if(user == null){
throw new ItemsException("该账号不存在");
}
//等到用户的id
String userid = user.getId();
//得到用户的菜单列表
List<SysPermission> menus = syspermissionMapper.findMenuListByUserId(userid);
//得到用户的权限列表
List<SysPermission> permissions = syspermissionMapper.findPermissionListByUserId(userid);
//获取该用户的密码
String user_password = user.getPassword();
MD5 md5 = new MD5();
String passwprd1 = md5.getMD5ofStr(password);
//将密码和输入的密码进行比较
if(!user_password.equals(passwprd1)){
throw new ItemsException("用户名或密码错误");
}
//认证通过,返回认证信息
ActiveUser activeUser = new ActiveUser();
activeUser.setUsercode(user.getUsercode());
activeUser.setUsername(user.getUsername());
activeUser.setUserid(user.getId());
activeUser.setMenus(menus);
activeUser.setPermissions(permissions);
return activeUser;
}
(5)页面菜单的动态显示
<c:if test="${activeUser.menus!=null }">
<ul>
<c:forEach items="${activeUser.menus }" var="menu">
<li><div>
<a title="${menu.name }" ref="1_1" href="#"
rel="${baseurl }${menu.url }" icon="icon-log"><span
class="icon icon-log"> </span><span class="nav"><a href=javascript:addTab('${menu.name }','${baseurl }${menu.url }')>${menu.name }</a></span></a>
</div></li>
</c:forEach>
</ul>
</c:if>
(6)权限拦截器PermissionIntersector
public class PermissionIntersector implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
//得到用户的访问地址
String url1 = httpServletRequest.getRequestURI();
String url = url1.substring(url1.lastIndexOf("/"));
//判断是否是公开地址
List<String> an_urls = ResourcesUtil.gekeyList("./config/anonymousURL");
for (String an_url:an_urls) {
if(url.indexOf(an_url) >=0){
return true;
}
}
//判读是否是共用地址
List<String> co_urls = ResourcesUtil.gekeyList("./config/commonURL");
for (String co_url: co_urls) {
if(url.indexOf(co_url) >= 0){
return true;
}
}
//获取session
HttpSession session = httpServletRequest.getSession();
//获得权限列表
ActiveUser activeUser = (ActiveUser) session.getAttribute("activeUser");
//获取权限列表
List<SysPermission> permissions = activeUser.getPermissions();
for (SysPermission permission:permissions
) {
String p_url = permission.getUrl();
if(url.indexOf(p_url) >= 0){
return true;
}
}
httpServletRequest.getRequestDispatcher("page/refuse.jsp").forward(httpServletRequest,httpServletResponse);
return false;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
}
}
(7)配置权限拦截器
<!--配置全局的拦截器-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<!--多个拦截器顺序执行-->
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.jack.intersector.LoginIntersector" />
</mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.jack.intersector.PermissionIntersector" />
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
四、总结
使用基于url拦截的权限管理方式,实现起来比较简单,不依赖框架,使用web提供filter就可以实现。
问题:
需要将所有的url全部配置起来,有些繁琐,不易维护,url(资源)和权限表示方式不规范。