【转】Ruby on Rails，创建最简单的视图/控制器单元Hello World

http://blog.csdn.net/abbuggy/article/details/7409445

在

• Usage: rails generate GENERATOR [args] [options]  
•   
• General options:  
•   -h, [--help]     # Print generator's options and usage  
•   -p, [--pretend]  # Run but do not make any changes  
•   -f, [--force]    # Overwrite files that already exist  
•   -s, [--skip]     # Skip files that already exist  
•   -q, [--quiet]    # Suppress status output  
•   
• Please choose a generator below.  
•   
• Rails:  
•   assets  
•   controller  
•   generator  
•   helper  
•   integration_test  
•   mailer  
•   migration  
•   model  
•   observer  
•   performance_test  
•   resource  
•   scaffold  
•   scaffold_controller  
•   session_migration  
•   task  
•   
• Coffee:  
•   coffee:assets  
•   
• Jquery:  
•   jquery:install  
•   
• Js:  
•   js:assets  
• 我们需要创建Controller和View，使用rails generate controller命令。不带任何参数的命令会对创建controller的使用方式进行提示，应该静下心来读一读。其中最有用的部分是说，以 CamelCase（大写字母开头分割单词）或者under_scored（下划线分割单词）的方式命名Controller，将View名称列表以参数 的方式给出。后面还举了一个很典型的例子。

 

 

•  

E:\greensoft\RailsInstaller\Sites\simple_site>rails generate controller
Usage:
  rails generate controller NAME [action action] [options]

Options:
      [--skip-namespace]        # Skip namespace (affects only isolated applications)
      [--old-style-hash]        # Force using old style hash (:foo => 'bar') on Ruby >= 1.9
  -e, [--template-engine=NAME]  # Template engine to be invoked
                                # Default: erb
  -t, [--test-framework=NAME]   # Test framework to be invoked
                                # Default: test_unit
      [--helper]                # Indicates when to generate helper
                                # Default: true
      [--assets]                # Indicates when to generate assets
                                # Default: true

Runtime options:
  -f, [--force]    # Overwrite files that already exist
  -p, [--pretend]  # Run but do not make any changes
  -q, [--quiet]    # Supress status output
  -s, [--skip]     # Skip files that already exist

Description:
    Stubs out a new controller and its views. Pass the controller name, either
    CamelCased or under_scored, and a list of views as arguments.

    To create a controller within a module, specify the controller name as a
    path like 'parent_module/controller_name'.

    This generates a controller class in app/controllers and invokes helper,
    template engine and test framework generators.

Example:
    `rails generate controller CreditCard open debit credit close`

    Credit card controller with URLs like /credit_card/debit.
        Controller:      app/controllers/credit_card_controller.rb
        Functional Test: test/functional/credit_card_controller_test.rb
        Views:           app/views/credit_card/debit.html.erb [...]
        Helper:          app/helpers/credit_card_helper.rb

我 们要创建一个名为demo的Controller，指向名为index的View。在这里可以使用g来代替generate，就像s代替service一 样。回显信息告诉我们，rails为我们在app/controller目录中创建了一个名为demo_controller的Controller。 app/views/目录中创建了一个名为demo的目录，目录中的index.html.erb对应View。

E:\greensoft\RailsInstaller\Sites\simple_site>rails g controller demo index
      create  app/controllers/demo_controller.rb
       route  get "demo/index"
      invoke  erb
      create    app/views/demo
      create    app/views/demo/index.html.erb
      invoke  test_unit
      create    test/functional/demo_controller_test.rb
      invoke  helper
      create    app/helpers/demo_helper.rb
      invoke    test_unit
      create      test/unit/helpers/demo_helper_test.rb
      invoke  assets
      invoke    coffee
      create      app/assets/javascripts/demo.js.coffee
      invoke    scss
      create      app/assets/stylesheets/demo.css.scss

controller目录中名为demo的Controller里有一个名为index的方法，在在这里应该叫做action。这个叫index的action，对应views目录中名为index.html.erb的View。

class DemoController < ApplicationController
  def index
  end
end

修改一下页面内容

<h1>Demo#index</h1>
<p>Hello World!</p>

<p>Find me in app/views/demo/index.html.erb</p>

代码编写完毕，启动web服务器。在浏览器地址栏中输入：localhost:3000/demo/index。里程碑！