MySQL主从环境下存储过程,函数,触发器,事件的复制情况
下面,主要是验证在MySQL主从复制环境下,存储过程,函数,触发器,事件的复制情况,这些确实会让人混淆。
首先,创建一张测试表
mysql> create table test.t1(name varchar(10),age int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)
存储过程
创建存储过程
delimiter // CREATE procedure p1 (IN name varchar(10),IN age int) BEGIN insert into test.t1 values(name,age); END// delimiter ;
通过查看二进制日志,可以看到该DDL语句已被记录
# at 120 #161010 23:18:38 server id 1 end_log_pos 339 CRC32 0xae3dcfda Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0 use `test`/*!*/; SET TIMESTAMP=1476112718/*!*/; SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=2/*!*/; SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/; SET @@session.sql_mode=1075838976/*!*/; SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/; /*!\C utf8 *//*!*/; SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=33/*!*/; SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/; SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/; CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `p1`(IN name varchar(10),IN age int) BEGIN insert into test.t1 values(name,age); END /*!*/; DELIMITER ;
执行存储过程
mysql> call p1('tom',10); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec) mysql> select * from t1; +-------+------+ | name | age | +-------+------+ | tom | 10 | +-------+------+ 1 rows in set (0.01 sec)
查看二进制日志中,记录的是还是call p1('tom',10)操作记录对应的SQL语句
# at 574 #161010 23:23:54 server id 1 end_log_pos 653 CRC32 0xc532cfae Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476113034/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 653 #161010 23:23:54 server id 1 end_log_pos 833 CRC32 0x2982c7a8 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476113034/*!*/; insert into test.t1 values( NAME_CONST('name',_utf8'tom' COLLATE 'utf8_general_ci'), NAME_CONST('age',10)) /*!*/; # at 833 #161010 23:23:54 server id 1 end_log_pos 864 CRC32 0xdf106f41 Xid = 56 COMMIT/*!*/;
由此可见,对于存储过程,在主从复制中,记录的是存储过程对应的DML操作,而不是调用动作本身。
函数
创建函数
CREATE FUNCTION f1 (string VARCHAR(5)) RETURNS VARCHAR(20) DETERMINISTIC RETURN CONCAT('f1',string);
二进制日志中的记录如下:
# at 1246 #161010 23:34:01 server id 1 end_log_pos 1480 CRC32 0x3a1eb0a2 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476113641/*!*/; CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` FUNCTION `f1`(string VARCHAR(5)) RETURNS varchar(20) CHARSET utf8 DETERMINISTIC RETURN CONCAT('f1',string) /*!*/;
执行函数
在这里,其实要分两种情况,一是binlog_format为statement,另一种情况为row
当binlog_format为statement时
mysql> show variables like '%binlog_format%'; +---------------+-----------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-----------+ | binlog_format | STATEMENT | +---------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.02 sec) mysql> insert into t1(name) values(f1('steve')); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec) mysql> select * from t1; +---------+------+ | name | age | +---------+------+ | tom | 10 | | f1steve | NULL | +---------+------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看该语句对应的二进制日志中的内容
# at 1480 #161010 23:37:58 server id 1 end_log_pos 1559 CRC32 0xf1f2c4a2 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476113878/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 1559 #161010 23:37:58 server id 1 end_log_pos 1673 CRC32 0x0c9a73c5 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476113878/*!*/; insert into t1(name) values(f1('steve')) /*!*/; # at 1673 #161010 23:37:58 server id 1 end_log_pos 1704 CRC32 0x45419118 Xid = 67 COMMIT/*!*/;
可见在statement的二进制日志格式下,复制的调用函数这个操作本身。
当binlog_format为row时
mysql> set session binlog_format='row'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t1(name) values(f1('tiger')); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
对应的二进制日志的内容
# at 2139 #161010 23:43:35 server id 1 end_log_pos 2211 CRC32 0x7c74abd9 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476114215/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 2211 #161010 23:43:35 server id 1 end_log_pos 2259 CRC32 0x657ac7ac Table_map: `test`.`t1` mapped to number 78 # at 2259 #161010 23:43:35 server id 1 end_log_pos 2303 CRC32 0x3f15b37c Write_rows: table id 78 flags: STMT_END_F ### INSERT INTO `test`.`t1` ### SET ### @1='f1tiger' /* VARSTRING(30) meta=30 nullable=1 is_null=0 */ ### @2=NULL /* VARSTRING(30) meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=1 */ # at 2303 #161010 23:43:35 server id 1 end_log_pos 2334 CRC32 0xe5acc4aa Xid = 80 COMMIT/*!*/;
可见,在row格式下,复制的不是函数操作本身,而是函数对应的值。
触发器
首先,创建两张测试表
CREATE TABLE test1(a1 INT); CREATE TABLE test2(a2 INT);
创建触发器
delimiter // CREATE TRIGGER t_test1 BEFORE INSERT ON test1 FOR EACH ROW BEGIN INSERT INTO test2 SET a2 = NEW.a1; END; // delimiter ;
二进制日志中的记录如下:
# at 556 #161011 10:46:52 server id 1 end_log_pos 776 CRC32 0xf065830f Query thread_id=4 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476154012/*!*/; CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` TRIGGER t_test1 BEFORE INSERT ON test1 FOR EACH ROW BEGIN INSERT INTO test2 SET a2 = NEW.a1; END /*!*/;
测试触发器,向test1中添加一条记录
在STATEMENT格式下
mysql> insert into test1 values(1); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec) mysql> select * from test1; +------+ | a1 | +------+ | 1 | +------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> select * from test2; +------+ | a2 | +------+ | 1 | +------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查看该语句对应的二进制日志中的内容
# at 776 #161011 10:49:37 server id 1 end_log_pos 855 CRC32 0x0d73131b Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476154177/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 855 #161011 10:49:37 server id 1 end_log_pos 956 CRC32 0x6cf2e73c Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476154177/*!*/; insert into test1 values(1) /*!*/; # at 956 #161011 10:49:37 server id 1 end_log_pos 987 CRC32 0x98e3a631 Xid = 51 COMMIT/*!*/;
可见,对于触发器,主从均会触发,复制只需记录触发条件本身,在本例中,即“insert into test1 values(1)”,而不会记录所引发的触发操作,即“INSERT INTO test2 SET a2 = NEW.a1”。
在ROW格式下
mysql> set session binlog_format='row'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into test1 values(2); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)
对应的二进制日志为:
# at 399 #161019 10:10:27 server id 1 end_log_pos 471 CRC32 0x667b6938 Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476843027/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 471 #161019 10:10:27 server id 1 end_log_pos 519 CRC32 0xccaee383 Table_map: `test`.`test1` mapped to number 85 # at 519 #161019 10:10:27 server id 1 end_log_pos 567 CRC32 0x9625b60f Table_map: `test`.`test2` mapped to number 86 # at 567 #161019 10:10:27 server id 1 end_log_pos 607 CRC32 0x620381e3 Write_rows: table id 86 # at 607 #161019 10:10:27 server id 1 end_log_pos 647 CRC32 0xff82eb9d Write_rows: table id 85 flags: STMT_END_F BINLOG ' E9YGWBMBAAAAMAAAAAcCAAAAAFUAAAAAAAEABHRlc3QABXRlc3QxAAEDAAGD467M E9YGWBMBAAAAMAAAADcCAAAAAFYAAAAAAAEABHRlc3QABXRlc3QyAAEDAAEPtiWW E9YGWB4BAAAAKAAAAF8CAAAAAFYAAAAAAAAAAgAB//4CAAAA44EDYg== ### INSERT INTO `test`.`test2` ### SET ### @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */ E9YGWB4BAAAAKAAAAIcCAAAAAFUAAAAAAAEAAgAB//4CAAAAneuC/w== '/*!*/; ### INSERT INTO `test`.`test1` ### SET ### @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */ # at 647 #161019 10:10:27 server id 1 end_log_pos 678 CRC32 0x5384a1bc Xid = 87 COMMIT/*!*/;
可见,在row格式下,会同时复制触发操作本身,此时,无论是否删除slave上的触发器,主从数据仍保持一致。但是在statement的格式下,如果删除了slave上的触发器,则会导致主从数据不一致。
EVENT
创建EVENT
CREATE EVENT e_test1 ON SCHEDULE EVERY 10 SECOND DO INSERT INTO test.test1 VALUES (UNIX_TIMESTAMP());
二进制日志中的记录如下:
# at 987 #161011 11:02:45 server id 1 end_log_pos 1218 CRC32 0x875a245e Query thread_id=5 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476154965/*!*/; SET @@session.time_zone='SYSTEM'/*!*/; CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` EVENT e_test1 ON SCHEDULE EVERY 10 SECOND DO INSERT INTO test.test1 VALUES (UNIX_TIMESTAMP()) /*!*/;
如果要让EVENT执行,必须将event_scheduler设置为ON,默认为OFF。
mysql> set global event_scheduler=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
这时EVENT会执行,每10s向test1表中插入一条记录
mysql> select * from test1; +------------+ | a1 | +------------+ | 1 | | 1476155165 | | 1476155175 | +------------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
对应的二进制日志中的内容
# at 1319 #161011 11:06:05 server id 1 end_log_pos 1398 CRC32 0xcc4e1873 Query thread_id=7 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476155165/*!*/; SET @@session.sql_auto_is_null=1/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 1398 #161011 11:06:05 server id 1 end_log_pos 1520 CRC32 0x24ee06c6 Query thread_id=7 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1476155165/*!*/; INSERT INTO test.test1 VALUES (UNIX_TIMESTAMP()) /*!*/; # at 1520 #161011 11:06:05 server id 1 end_log_pos 1551 CRC32 0xa3ed03fa Xid = 65 COMMIT/*!*/;
可见,对于EVENT,只是复制EVENT语句。
可能有人会疑问,slave上面是否同样会执行event呢?
经测试证明,即使将slave上event_scheduler开启了,也不会导致slave上event的执行,即使执行了stop slave操作,该event同样不会执行。
通过查看主从上的event状态,可以看出两者的不同
Master
mysql> show events\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Db: test Name: e_test1 Definer: root@localhost Time zone: SYSTEM Type: RECURRING Execute at: NULL Interval value: 10 Interval field: SECOND Starts: 2016-10-11 11:02:45 Ends: NULL Status: ENABLED Originator: 1 character_set_client: utf8 collation_connection: utf8_general_ci Database Collation: utf8_general_ci 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Slave
mysql> show events\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Db: test Name: e_test1 Definer: root@localhost Time zone: SYSTEM Type: RECURRING Execute at: NULL Interval value: 10 Interval field: SECOND Starts: 2016-10-11 11:02:45 Ends: NULL Status: SLAVESIDE_DISABLED Originator: 1 character_set_client: utf8 collation_connection: utf8_general_ci Database Collation: utf8_general_ci 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
可以看出,相同的event,master上的状态是ENABLED,而slave上的状态确是SLAVESIDE_DISABLED。
如果要开启slave上面的event,可通过如下命令开启
alter event test.e_test1 enable;
经测试,直接update mysql.event没有效果。
总结
1. 对于存储过程,只是复制存储过程中定义的DML语句。
2. 对于函数,在statement格式下,只是复制函数名,也就是说,函数在主从上同样会被执行。
3. 对于触发器,在statement格式下,复制的只是触发条件,而不会是触发动作。也就是说,触发器在主从上同样会被运行。
但是在row格式下,则不仅会复制触发条件,还会复制触发动作。
4. 对于event,复制的也只是事件体中的DML语句。
参考
1. http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/create-procedure.html
2. http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/create-trigger.html
3. http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/create-event.html