xml的简单使用

1、转义字符：<![CDATA[<朱之文]]>

2、xml约束: dtd 约束 (dtd后缀) 和  schema 约束 (xsd后缀)

 

 dtd 约束：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!ELEMENT students (student*)>
<!ELEMENT student (name,password,gender,birthday)>
<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT password (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT birthday (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST student number ID #REQUIRED>

 

students.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<students xmlns="http://www.gyf.cn/xml"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.gyf.cn/xml students.xsd"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

<student number="itgyf_1001">
    <name>张三</name>
    <password>1234</password>
    <gender>female</gender>
    <birthday>2010-23-1</birthday>
</student>
<student number="itgyf_1002">
    <name>李四</name>
    <password>1234</password>
    <gender>female</gender>
    <birthday>2010-23-1</birthday>
</student>
</students>

 

 

 

 

schema 约束 (xsd后缀)：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsd:schema xmlns="http://www.gyf.cn/xml"
        xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
        targetNamespace="http://www.gyf.cn/xml" elementFormDefault="qualified">
       
    <xsd:element name="students" type="studentsType"/>
    <xsd:complexType name="studentsType">
        <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="student" type="studentType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>
    <xsd:complexType name="studentType">
        <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
            <xsd:element name="password" type="xsd:string" />
            <xsd:element name="gender" type="genderType" />
            <xsd:element name="birthday" type="xsd:string" />
        </xsd:sequence>
        <xsd:attribute name="number" type="numberType" use="required"/>
    </xsd:complexType>
    <xsd:simpleType name="genderType">
        <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
            <xsd:enumeration value="male"/>
            <xsd:enumeration value="female"/>
        </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
    
    <xsd:simpleType name="numberType">
        <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
            <xsd:pattern value="itgyf_\d{4}"/>
        </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
</xsd:schema>