zuul路由网关介绍及使用

九：zuul路由网关

1.概述

1.1 是什么

Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能：

其中路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上，是实现外部访问统一入口的基础.
而过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预，是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础.
Zuul和Eureka进行整合，将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用，同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息，也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。

注意：Zuul服务最终还是会注册进Eureka
提供=代理+路由+过滤三大功能

1.2 能干嘛

​ 路由/过滤

1.3 官网资料

​ https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki/Getting-Started

2.路由基本配置

2.1 新建Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527
2.2 POM
2.3 YML
2.4 hosts修改(域名映射)
2.5 主启动类
2.6 启动相关微服务(3个eureka集群/一个服务提供类/一个路由)
2.7 测试

2.2 POM

<!-- zuul路由网关 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- actuator监控 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- hystrix容错 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 日常标配 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
  <version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 热部署插件 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.3 YML

server: 
  port: 9527
 
spring: 
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
 
eureka: 
  client: 
    service-url: 
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka  
  instance:
    instance-id: gateway-9527.com
    prefer-ip-address: true 

info:
  app.name: atguigu-microcloud
  company.name: www.atguigu.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$

2.4 hosts修改(域名映射)

127.0.0.1  myzuul.com

2.5 主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy	// 开启zuul代理
public class Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);
	}
}

2.7 测试

不用路由: http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2
启用路由: http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

3.路由访问映射规则

3.1 代理名称

# before	http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2
 
zuul: 
  routes:   # 配置路由访问映射规则
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**
 
# after		http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1

此时问题:

路由访问OK http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1
原路径访问OK http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

3.2 原真实服务名忽略

# 隐藏单个具体微服务
zuul: 
  ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept 	# 配置单个微服务名称失效
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**
    
# 隐藏多个微服务可以用"*"
zuul: 
  ignored-services: "*"		# 配置多个微服务名称失效
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

3.3 设置统一公共前缀

​ http://myzuul.com:9527/atguigu/mydept/dept/get/1

zuul: 
  prefix: /atguigu		# 统一公共前缀
  ignored-services: "*"
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

3.4 最后YML

server: 
  port: 9527
 
spring: 
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-zuul-gateway
 
eureka: 
  client: 
    service-url: 
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7004/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka  
  instance:
    instance-id: gateway-9527.com
    prefer-ip-address: true 

zuul: 
#  ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept   # 配置单个微服务名称失效
  prefix: /atguigu    # 配置公共前缀
  ignored-services: "*"   # 配置多个微服务名称失效
  routes:   # 配置路由访问映射规则
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

info:
  app.name: atguigu-microcloud
  company.name: www.atguigu.com
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$