Json的序列化与反序列化
方法一:引入System.Web.Script.Serialization命名空间使用 JavaScriptSerializer类实现简单的序列化
//第一种序列化反序列化方式 personel person = new personel() { Age = 13, Name = "我是序列化" }; JavaScriptSerializer JsStringJson = new JavaScriptSerializer(); //执行序列化 string r9 = JsStringJson.Serialize(person); //执行反序列化 personel Fperson = JsStringJson.Deserialize<personel>(r9);
方法二:引入 System.Runtime.Serialization.Json命名空间使用 DataContractJsonSerializer类实现序列化
//第二种序列化反序列化方式 IList<personel> ListPerson = new List<personel>() { new personel() { Age = 16, Name = "郑序列" }, new personel() { Name = "反序列", Age = 48 } }; DataContractJsonSerializer jsonString = new DataContractJsonSerializer(ListPerson.GetType()); //序列化 string toJson = ""; using (MemoryStream strem = new MemoryStream()) { jsonString.WriteObject(strem, ListPerson); toJson = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(strem.ToArray()); } //反序列化 using (var ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(toJson))) { DataContractJsonSerializer dcjs = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(List<personel>)); List<personel> peoeo = (List<personel>)dcjs.ReadObject(ms); }
可以使用IgnoreDataMember:指定该成员不是数据协定的一部分且没有进行序列化,DataMember:定义序列化属性参数,使用DataMember属性标记字段必须使用DataContract标记类 否则DataMember标记不起作用。
方法三:Json.Net
using (var stringReader = new StringReader(data)) using (var jsonTextReader = new JsonTextReader(stringReader)) { var serializer = new JsonSerializer(); var employees = serializer.Deserialize<Employee[]>(jsonTextReader); }
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JSON(JavaScript Object Notation,JavaScript对象表示法)是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。
JSON是“名值对”的集合。结构由大括号'{}',中括号'[]',逗号',',冒号':',双引号'“”'组成,包含的数据类型有Object,Number,Boolean,String,Array, NULL等。
JSON具有以下的形式:
对象(Object)是一个无序的“名值对”集合,一个对象以”{”开始,”}”结束。每个“名”后跟着一个”:”,多个“名值对”由逗号分隔。如:
var user={"name":"张三","gender":"男","birthday":"1980-8-8"}
数组(Array)是值的有序集合,一个数组以“[”开始,以“]”结束,值之间使用“,”分隔。如:
var userlist=[{"user":{"name":"张三","gender":"男","birthday":"1980-8-8"}},{"user":{"name":"李四","gender":"男","birthday":"1985-5-8"}}];
字符串(String)是由双引号包围的任意数量的Unicode字符的集合,使用反斜线转义。
二、对JSON数据进行序列化和反序列化
可以使用DataContractJsonSerializer类将类型实例序列化为JSON字符串,并将JSON字符串反序列化为类型实例。DataContractJsonSerializer在System.Runtime.Serialization.Json命名空间下,.NET Framework 3.5包含在System.ServiceModel.Web.dll中,需要添加对其的引用;.NET Framework 4在System.Runtime.Serialization中。
利用DataContractJsonSerializer序列化和反序列化的代码:
1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Web; 5: using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json; 6: using System.IO; 7: using System.Text; 8: 9: /// <summary> 10: /// JSON序列化和反序列化辅助类 11: /// </summary> 12: public class JsonHelper 13: { 14: /// <summary> 15: /// JSON序列化 16: /// </summary> 17: public static string JsonSerializer<T>(T t) 18: { 19: DataContractJsonSerializer ser = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T)); 20: MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); 21: ser.WriteObject(ms, t); 22: string jsonString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()); 23: ms.Close(); 24: return jsonString; 25: } 26: 27: /// <summary> 28: /// JSON反序列化 29: /// </summary> 30: public static T JsonDeserialize<T>(string jsonString) 31: { 32: DataContractJsonSerializer ser = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T)); 33: MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonString)); 34: T obj = (T)ser.ReadObject(ms); 35: return obj; 36: } 37: }
序列化Demo:
简单对象Person:
1: public class Person
2: {
3: public string Name { get; set; }
4: public int Age { get; set; }
5: }
序列化为JSON字符串:
1: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
2: {
3: Person p = new Person();
4: p.Name = "张三";
5: p.Age = 28;
6:
7: string jsonString = JsonHelper.JsonSerializer<Person>(p);
8: Response.Write(jsonString);
9: }
输出结果:
{"Age":28,"Name":"张三"}
反序列化Demo:
1: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
2: {
3: string jsonString = "{\"Age\":28,\"Name\":\"张三\"}";
4: Person p = JsonHelper.JsonDeserialize<Person>(jsonString);
5: }
运行结果:
ASP.NET中的JSON序列化和反序列化还可以使用JavaScriptSerializer,在System.Web.Script.Serializatioin命名空间下,需引用System.Web.Extensions.dll.也可以使用JSON.NET.
三、JSON序列化和反序列化日期时间的处理
JSON格式不直接支持日期和时间。DateTime值值显示为“/Date(700000+0500)/”形式的JSON字符串,其中第一个数字(在提供的示例中为 700000)是 GMT 时区中自 1970 年 1 月 1 日午夜以来按正常时间(非夏令时)经过的毫秒数。该数字可以是负数,以表示之前的时间。示例中包括“+0500”的部分可选,它指示该时间属于Local类型,即它在反序列化时应转换为本地时区。如果没有该部分,则会将时间反序列化为Utc。
修改Person类,添加LastLoginTime:
1: public class Person
2: {
3: public string Name { get; set; }
4: public int Age { get; set; }
5: public DateTime LastLoginTime { get; set; }
6: }
1: Person p = new Person();
2: p.Name = "张三";
3: p.Age = 28;
4: p.LastLoginTime = DateTime.Now;
5:
6: string jsonString = JsonHelper.JsonSerializer<Person>(p);
序列化结果:
{"Age":28,"LastLoginTime":"\/Date(1294499956278+0800)\/","Name":"张三"}
1 、在后台使用正则表达式对其替换处理。修改JsonHelper:
1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Web; 5: using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json; 6: using System.IO; 7: using System.Text; 8: using System.Text.RegularExpressions; 9: 10: /// <summary> 11: /// JSON序列化和反序列化辅助类 12: /// </summary> 13: public class JsonHelper 14: { 15: /// <summary> 16: /// JSON序列化 17: /// </summary> 18: public static string JsonSerializer<T>(T t) 19: { 20: DataContractJsonSerializer ser = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T)); 21: MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); 22: ser.WriteObject(ms, t); 23: string jsonString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()); 24: ms.Close(); 25: //替换Json的Date字符串 26: string p = @"\\/Date\((\d+)\+\d+\)\\/"; 27: MatchEvaluator matchEvaluator = new MatchEvaluator(ConvertJsonDateToDateString); 28: Regex reg = new Regex(p); 29: jsonString = reg.Replace(jsonString, matchEvaluator); 30: return jsonString; 31: } 32: 33: /// <summary> 34: /// JSON反序列化 35: /// </summary> 36: public static T JsonDeserialize<T>(string jsonString) 37: { 38: //将"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"格式的字符串转为"\/Date(1294499956278+0800)\/"格式 39: string p = @"\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\s\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}"; 40: MatchEvaluator matchEvaluator = new MatchEvaluator(ConvertDateStringToJsonDate); 41: Regex reg = new Regex(p); 42: jsonString = reg.Replace(jsonString, matchEvaluator); 43: DataContractJsonSerializer ser = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T)); 44: MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonString)); 45: T obj = (T)ser.ReadObject(ms); 46: return obj; 47: } 48: 49: /// <summary> 50: /// 将Json序列化的时间由/Date(1294499956278+0800)转为字符串 51: /// </summary> 52: private static string ConvertJsonDateToDateString(Match m) 53: { 54: string result = string.Empty; 55: DateTime dt = new DateTime(1970,1,1); 56: dt = dt.AddMilliseconds(long.Parse(m.Groups[1].Value)); 57: dt = dt.ToLocalTime(); 58: result = dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); 59: return result; 60: } 61: 62: /// <summary> 63: /// 将时间字符串转为Json时间 64: /// </summary> 65: private static string ConvertDateStringToJsonDate(Match m) 66: { 67: string result = string.Empty; 68: DateTime dt = DateTime.Parse(m.Groups[0].Value); 69: dt = dt.ToUniversalTime(); 70: TimeSpan ts = dt - DateTime.Parse("1970-01-01"); 71: result = string.Format("\\/Date({0}+0800)\\/",ts.TotalMilliseconds); 72: return result; 73: } 74: }
序列化Demo:
1: Person p = new Person();
2: p.Name = "张三";
3: p.Age = 28;
4: p.LastLoginTime = DateTime.Now;
5:
6: string jsonString = JsonHelper.JsonSerializer<Person>(p);
运行结果:
{"Age":28,"LastLoginTime":"2011-01-09 01:00:56","Name":"张三"}
反序列化Demo:
string json = "{\"Age\":28,\"LastLoginTime\":\"2011-01-09 00:30:00\",\"Name\":\"张三\"}";
p=JsonHelper.JsonDeserialize<Person>(json);
运行结果:
在后台替换字符串适用范围比较窄,如果考虑到全球化的有多种语言还会更麻烦。
2、利用JavaScript处理
1: function ChangeDateFormat(jsondate) {
2: jsondate = jsondate.replace("/Date(", "").replace(")/", "");
3: if (jsondate.indexOf("+") > 0) {
4: jsondate = jsondate.substring(0, jsondate.indexOf("+"));
5: }
6: else if (jsondate.indexOf("-") > 0) {
7: jsondate = jsondate.substring(0, jsondate.indexOf("-"));
8: }
9:
10: var date = new Date(parseInt(jsondate, 10));
11: var month = date.getMonth() + 1 < 10 ? "0" + (date.getMonth() + 1) : date.getMonth() + 1;
12: var currentDate = date.getDate() < 10 ? "0" + date.getDate() : date.getDate();
13: return date.getFullYear() + "-" + month + "-" + currentDate;
14: }
简单Demo :
ChangeDateFormat("\/Date(1294499956278+0800)\/");
结果:
2011-1-8
四、JSON序列化和反序列化集合、字典、数组的处理
在JSON数据中,所有的集合、字典和数组都表示为数组。
List<T>序列化:
1: List<Person> list = new List<Person>()
2: {
3: new Person(){ Name="张三", Age=28},
4: new Person(){ Name="李四", Age=25}
5: };
6:
7: string jsonString = JsonHelper.JsonSerializer<List<Person>>(list);
序列化结果:
"[{\"Age\":28,\"Name\":\"张三\"},{\"Age\":25,\"Name\":\"李四\"}]"
字典不能直接用于JSON,Dictionary字典转化为JSON并不是跟原来的字典格式一致,而是形式以Dictionary的Key作为名称”Key“的值,以Dictionary的Value作为名称为”Value“的值 。如:
1: Dictionary<string, string> dic = new Dictionary<string, string>();
2: dic.Add("Name", "张三");
3: dic.Add("Age", "28");
4:
5: string jsonString = JsonHelper.JsonSerializer < Dictionary<string, string>>(dic);
序列化结果:
1: "[{\"Key\":\"Name\",\"Value\":\"张三\"},{\"Key\":\"Age\",\"Value\":\"28\"}]"
转载自:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhaozhan/archive/2011/01/09/1931340.html