001_fpm打包命令详解
使用fpm来制作rpm包
2017/2/22
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一、配置fpm环境 1、安装ruby和fpm 使用rvm来管理ruby curl -sSL https: //rvm .io /mpapis .asc | gpg2 -- import - curl -L https: //get .rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby 重新打开一个shell # ruby -v ruby 2.4.0p0 (2016-12-24 revision 57164) [x86_64-linux] 安装fpm依赖包 yum install rpm-build -y 安装fpm [root@tvm-rpm ~] # gem install fpm -V 2、fpm的参数 参考:https: //github .com /jordansissel/fpm/wiki % fpm -s < source type > -t <target type > [options] -s 源格式 -t 目标格式 -n 包名 - v version值,实际版本号 --iteration release值,发布序列号 --epoch epoch值 --vendor 厂商 --maintainer 维护者 --description 描述 --url 软件主页 --workdir fpm工作目录 -d 依赖的软件包 --directories 递归指定的目录标记为属于这个包 -C 切换到指定的目录 -p 输出到指定的路径 --force 强制覆盖文件 --after- install FILE 包安装后执行的脚本 --before- install FILE 包安装前执行的脚本 --after-remove FILE 包移除后执行的脚本 --before-remove FILE 包移除前执行的脚本 --after-upgrade FILE 包升级后执行的脚本 --before-upgrade FILE 包升级前执行的脚本 -e building前编辑spec文件 二、示例 【实例1:将python3的源码打包成rpm来安装】 1、配置编译python环境所需的包 [root@tvm-rpm ~] # mkdir /data/{download,rpms} 使用局域网的epel源: [root@tvm-rpm ~] # mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp/ \ && wget http: //mirrors .office. test /local-office .repo -O /etc/yum .repos.d /local-office .repo \ && yum clean all \ && yum makecache 注:如果要使用公网的epel源,可以这样操作: # rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm [root@tvm-rpm ~] # yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" [root@tvm-rpm ~] # yum -y install openssl-devel readline-devel bzip2-devel sqlite-devel zlib-devel ncurses-devel db4-devel expat-devel 下载最新的python源码包: [root@tvm-rpm ~] # wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.4.3/Python-3.4.3.tgz -O /data/download/Python-3.4.3.tgz [root@tvm-rpm ~] # cd /data/download/ [root@tvm-rpm download] # tar xf Python-3.4.3.tgz [root@tvm-rpm download] # cd Python-3.4.3 [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # export DIR_PY_SRC_INSTALL=/data/rpms/Python-3.4.3 [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # export DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL=/usr/local [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # export LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL}/lib ${LDFLAGS}" [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # ./configure --prefix=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL} [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # make [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # make install DESTDIR=${DIR_PY_SRC_INSTALL} [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # cd .. 我们来看一下,生成了那些目录和文件: [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # cd /data/rpms [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # ls Python-3.4.3/usr/local/ bin include lib share 2、开始打包 [root@tvm-rpm Python-3.4.3] # fpm -s dir -t rpm \ -n python3 \ - v '3.4.3' \ --iteration '1.el6' \ --epoch '0' \ --vendor ' Python Software Foundation' \ --maintainer 'PC' \ --description 'use fpm to make a pkg for python-3.4.3' \ --url 'https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-343/' \ --workdir /data/rpms \ -p /data/rpms/pkgs/ \ -C ${DIR_PY_SRC_INSTALL} \ --directories=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL} /lib \ --directories=${DIR_PY_RPM_INSTALL} /include \ -d 'openssl' \ -d 'bzip2' \ -d 'zlib' \ -d 'expat' \ -d 'db4' \ -d 'sqlite' \ -d 'ncurses' \ -d 'readline' Created package {:path=> "/data/rpms/pkgs/python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm" } 我们来看看包的内容: [root@tvm-rpm rpms] # rpm -qpi pkgs/python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm Name : python3 Relocations: / Version : 3.4.3 Vendor: Python Software Foundation Release : 1.el6 Build Date: Wed 15 Jul 2015 04:55:17 PM CST Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: tvm-rpm Group : default Source RPM: python3-3.4.3-1.el6.src.rpm Size : 126285890 License: unknown Signature : (none) Packager : PC URL : https: //www .python.org /downloads/release/python-343/ Summary : use fpm to make a pkg for python-3.4.3 Description : use fpm to make a pkg for python-3.4.3 3、安装测试 1)安装前: [root@tvm-rpm rpms] # ls /usr/local/{bin,include,lib,share/man} /usr/local/bin : /usr/local/include : /usr/local/lib : /usr/local/share/man/man1 : 2)开始安装: [root@tvm-rpm rpms] # rpm -ivh pkgs/python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:python3 ########################################### [100%] [root@tvm-rpm rpms] # rpm -qa |grep python3 python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64 3)安装后: [root@tvm-rpm rpms] # ls /usr/local/{bin,include,lib,share/man/man1} /usr/local/bin : 2to3 2to3-3.4 easy_install-3.4 idle3 idle3.4 pip3 pip3.4 pydoc3 pydoc3.4 python3 python3.4 python3.4-config python3.4m python3.4m-config python3-config pyvenv pyvenv-3.4 /usr/local/include : python3.4m /usr/local/lib : libpython3.4m.a pkgconfig python3.4 /usr/local/share/man/man1 : python3.1 python3.4.1 执行python命令,查看版本: [root@tvm-rpm rpms] # python3 -c "import sys; print(sys.version)" 3.4.3 (default, Jul 15 2015, 14:40:59) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11)] 4)卸载: [root@tvm-rpm rpms] # rpm -e python3-3.4.3-1.el6.x86_64 [root@tvm-rpm rpms] # ls /usr/local/{bin,include,lib,share/man/man1} /usr/local/bin : /usr/local/include : /usr/local/lib : /usr/local/share/man/man1 : 符合预期。 【实例2:打包yum源的配置文件为rpm包】 [root@tvm-rpm pkgs] # cd /data/rpms/pkgs/ [root@tvm-rpm pkgs] # fpm -s dir -t rpm \ -a 'x86_64' \ -n 'office-repo-latest' \ - v '6' \ --iteration '1.el6' \ --epoch '0' \ --vendor 'pc@office' \ --maintainer 'PC' \ --description 'provide file: [local-office.repo] for local users. include: centos-base, eple, user-define rpms' \ /etc/yum .repos.d /local-office .repo Created package {:path=> "office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.noarch.rpm" } [root@tvm-rpm pkgs] # rpm -qpl office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm /etc/yum .repos.d /local-office .repo [root@tvm-rpm pkgs] # rpm -qpi office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm Name : office-repo-latest Relocations: / Version : 6 Vendor: pc@office Release : 1.el6 Build Date: Thu 06 Aug 2015 04:53:26 PM CST Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: tvm-rpm Group : default Source RPM: office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.src.rpm Size : 2392 License: unknown Signature : (none) Packager : PC URL : http: //example .com /no-uri-given Summary : provide file : [ local -office.repo] for local users . include: centos-base, eple, user-define rpms Description : provide file : [ local -office.repo] for local users . include: centos-base, eple, user-define rpms 测试1:将打包的文件拷贝到其他主机上 [root@tvm- test ~] # mv /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo /tmp/ 安装: [root@tvm- test ~] # rpm -ivh office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:office-repo-latest ########################################### [100%] [root@tvm- test ~] # diff /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo /tmp/local-office.repo 测试2:将打包的文件拷贝到本地的yum源来提供安装。 [root@tvm-yum ~] # mv office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm /data/yum/repo/ 先移除之前测试1安装的包: [root@tvm- test ~] # rpm -qa |grep office office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64 [root@tvm- test ~] # rpm -e office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64 安装: [root@tvm- test ~] # rpm -ivh http://mirrors.office.test/office-repo-latest-6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm Retrieving http: //mirrors .office. test /office-repo-latest-6-1 .el6.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:office-repo-latest ########################################### [100%] [root@tvm- test ~] # diff /etc/yum.repos.d/local-office.repo /tmp/local-office.repo 【实例3:打包最新版的monit】 1)从官网下载最新的binary [root@tvm-rpm rpms] # mkdir monit && cd monit [root@tvm-rpm monit] # wget https://mmonit.com/monit/dist/binary/5.14/monit-5.14-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@tvm-rpm monit] # tar zxvf monit-5.14-linux-x64.tar.gz monit-5.14/ monit-5.14 /bin/ monit-5.14 /bin/monit monit-5.14 /COPYING monit-5.14 /conf/ monit-5.14 /conf/monitrc monit-5.14 /man/ monit-5.14 /man/man1/ monit-5.14 /man/man1/monit .1 [root@tvm-rpm monit] # cd monit-5.14 [root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14] # ll bin/ conf/ man/man1/ bin/: total 2688 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2752045 Jun 9 18:18 monit conf/: total 12 -rw------- 1 root root 11220 Jun 9 18:18 monitrc man /man1/ : total 132 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 131280 Jun 9 18:18 monit.1 拷贝到合适的位置: [root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14] # cp -a bin/monit /usr/bin/ [root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14] # cp -a conf/monitrc /etc/ [root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14] # cp -a man/man1/monit.1 /usr/share/man/man1/ 增加一个控制脚本: [root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14] # ll init.d/ total 4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1272 Jun 5 2014 monit [root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14] # cp -a init.d/monit /etc/init.d/ 创建目录: [root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14] # mkdir /etc/monit.d 调整配置文件: [root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14] # grep ^[^#] /etc/monitrc set daemon 120 with start delay 240 set logfile /var/log/monit include /etc/monit .d/* 2)打包 [root@tvm-rpm monit-5.14] # cd /data/rpms/pkgs/ [root@tvm-rpm pkgs] # fpm -s dir -t rpm \ -a 'x86_64' \ -n 'monit' \ - v '5.14' \ --iteration '1.el6' \ --epoch '0' \ --vendor 'pc@office' \ --maintainer 'PC' \ --description 'monit-5.14 for local users' \ /usr/bin/monit \ /etc/monitrc \ /etc/monit .d \ /usr/share/man/man1/monit .1 \ /etc/init .d /monit Created package {:path=> "monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm" } [root@tvm-rpm pkgs] # rpm -qpl monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm /etc/init .d /monit /etc/monit .d /etc/monitrc /usr/bin/monit /usr/share/man/man1/monit .1 [root@tvm-rpm pkgs] # rpm -qpi monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm Name : monit Relocations: / Version : 5.14 Vendor: pc@office Release : 1.el6 Build Date: Fri 28 Aug 2015 06:00:57 PM CST Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: tvm-rpm Group : default Source RPM: monit-5.14-1.el6.src.rpm Size : 2895915 License: unknown Signature : (none) Packager : PC URL : http: //example .com /no-uri-given Summary : monit-5.14 for local users Description : monit-5.14 for local users 测试1:将打包的文件拷贝到其他主机上 [root@tvm- test ~] # rpm -Uvh monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:monit ########################################### [100%] [root@tvm- test ~] # service monit start Starting monit: Starting Monit 5.14 daemon Monit start delay set -- pause for 240s [ OK ] [root@tvm- test ~] # chkconfig monit on 卸载: [root@tvm- test ~] # rpm -e monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64 [root@tvm- test ~] # ls /usr/bin/monit /etc/monitrc ls : cannot access /usr/bin/monit : No such file or directory ls : cannot access /etc/monitrc : No such file or directory 可以发现,已经被删除。 测试2:更新到本地的yum源后安装 [root@tvm-yum x86_64] # pwd /data/yum/repo/office/6/x86_64 上传rpm包,重建repo: [root@tvm-yum x86_64] # createrepo . Spawning worker 0 with 30 pkgs Workers Finished Gathering worker results Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata Generating sqlite DBs Sqlite DBs complete 安装: [root@tvm- test ~] # yum makecache [root@tvm- test ~] # yum install monit Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package monit.x86_64 0:5.14-1.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================================================== Installing: monit x86_64 5.14-1.el6 office 1.2 M Transaction Summary =============================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 1.2 M Installed size: 2.8 M Is this ok [y /N ]: y Downloading Packages: monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64 1 /1 Verifying : monit-5.14-1.el6.x86_64 1 /1 Installed: monit.x86_64 0:5.14-1.el6 Complete! 【实例4:打包tengine】 1、准备 mkdir /opt/fpm/ {src,rpms, install } -p export DIR_SRC_MAKE_INSTALL= /opt/fpm/install export DIR_RPM_INSTALL= /opt/tengine export DIR_RPMS= /opt/fpm/rpms export DIR_FPM_SCRIPTS= /opt/fpm/scripts 2、源码编译 cd /opt/fpm/src wget http: //tengine .taobao.org /download/tengine-2 .1.2. tar .gz yum install pcre pcre-devel -y tar zxvf tengine-2.1.2. tar .gz && cd tengine-2.1.2 . /configure --prefix=${DIR_RPM_INSTALL} ===================================================注意以下输出,确认是否符合预期。 Configuration summary + using system PCRE library + using system OpenSSL library + md5: using OpenSSL library + sha1: using OpenSSL library + using system zlib library + jemalloc library is disabled nginx path prefix: "/opt/tengine" nginx binary file : "/opt/tengine/sbin/nginx" nginx configuration prefix: "/opt/tengine/conf" nginx configuration file : "/opt/tengine/conf/nginx.conf" nginx pid file : "/opt/tengine/logs/nginx.pid" nginx error log file : "/opt/tengine/logs/error.log" nginx http access log file : "/opt/tengine/logs/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp" nginx dso module path: "/opt/tengine/modules/" nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp" =================================================== make && make install DESTDIR=${DIR_SRC_MAKE_INSTALL} 3、自定义配置文件和脚本 [root@tvm-rpm tengine-2.1.2] # cd /opt/fpm 1)编辑脚本,用于rpm包安装和卸载时执行指令: [root@tvm-rpm fpm] # mkdir scripts [root@tvm-rpm fpm] # cat scripts/after-install.sh #!/bin/bash # # 2017/2/22 # user echo -e '\n\033[1;34mCreate user nginx:\033[0m\n' id nginx > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo 'User [nginx] exist.' || ( useradd -s /sbin/nologin -d /var/cache/nginx -c "nginx user" nginx; id nginx) echo -e '\n\033[1;34mConfiguration summary:\033[0m\n' cat << '_EOF' =================================================== + using system PCRE library + using system OpenSSL library + md5: using OpenSSL library + sha1: using OpenSSL library + using system zlib library + jemalloc library is disabled nginx path prefix: "/opt/tengine" nginx binary file : "/opt/tengine/sbin/nginx" nginx configuration prefix: "/opt/tengine/conf" nginx configuration file : "/opt/tengine/conf/nginx.conf" nginx pid file : "/opt/tengine/logs/nginx.pid" nginx error log file : "/opt/tengine/logs/error.log" nginx http access log file : "/opt/tengine/logs/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp" nginx dso module path: "/opt/tengine/modules/" nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp" startup script: /etc/init .d /tengine =================================================== _EOF echo -e '\n\033[1;33mTengine has been successfully installed.\033[0m\n' [root@tvm-rpm fpm] # cat scripts/before-remove.sh #!/bin/bash # # 2017/2/22 echo -e '\n\033[1;33mIn order to backup you data, please follow the guide, control it by hand.\033[0m\n' # service echo -e '\n\033[1;34mService stopped.\033[0m\n' service tengine stop # user echo -e '\n\033[1;34m[Guide] Try to remove user nginx?\033[0m\n' echo 'userdel -fr nginx' # dir echo -e '\n\033[1;34mDirectory backuped: [/opt/tengine] -> [/opt/tengine.old]\033[0m\n' mv -fv /opt/tengine /opt/tengine .old 2)控制脚本 [root@tvm-rpm fpm] # mkdir install/etc/init.d [root@tvm-rpm fpm] # vim install/etc/init.d/tengine (略) [root@tvm-rpm fpm] # chmod +x install/etc/init.d/tengine 4、开始打包 [root@tvm-rpm fpm] # fpm -s dir -t rpm \ -n Tengine \ - v '2.1.2' \ --iteration '1.el6' \ --epoch '0' \ --vendor 'Tengine@taobao' \ --maintainer 'PC' \ --description 'Tengine is based on Nginx which stands for Engine-X.' \ --url 'tengine.taobao.org' \ -C ${DIR_SRC_MAKE_INSTALL} \ -p ${DIR_RPMS} \ -d 'pcre' \ --after- install ${DIR_FPM_SCRIPTS} /after-install .sh \ --before-remove ${DIR_FPM_SCRIPTS} /before-remove .sh \ -f Created package {:path=> "/opt/fpm/rpms/Tengine-2.1.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm" } 5、查看rpm包内的文件: [root@tvm-rpm fpm] # rpm -qpl /opt/fpm/rpms/Tengine-2.1.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@tvm-rpm fpm] # tree -L 2 . ├── install -> fpm打包时,将chroot到这个目录,对应安装后的文件系统中以下路径: /opt , /etc │ ├── etc -> 在nginx的安装包中拷贝 /etc/init .d /nginx ,改一下配置文件中的相关路径为tengine的即可,然后将文件拷贝到这里( /etc/init .d /tengine )即可。 │ └── opt -> 源码安装后的目录 ├── rpms │ └── Tengine-2.1.2-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -> rpm包保存在这里 ├── scripts │ ├── after- install .sh -> 安装rpm包后执行这个脚本 │ └── before-remove.sh -> 卸载rpm包前执行这个脚本 └── src ├── tengine-2.1.2 -> 源码编译的工作目录 └── tengine-2.1.2. tar .gz -> 源码 7 directories, 4 files 6、拷贝rpm包到一台新的机器上测试: 符合预期。 ZYXW、参考 1、fpm /wiki https: //github .com /jordansissel/fpm/wiki 2、使用 FPM 创建 Python 的 RPM 包 http: //theo .im /blog/2014/05/16/use-fpm-to-create-python-rpm-packages/ 3、使用FPM快速生成RPM包 https: //linux .cn /article-3184-1 .html |
参考==>
http://nosmoking.blog.51cto.com/3263888/1675009
http://www.cnblogs.com/saneri/p/5265661.html