002es生命周期之索引别名的使⽤

简介：es之索引别名的使⽤

别名有什么用

在开发中，随着业务需求的迭代，较⽼的业务逻辑就要⾯临更新甚⾄是重构，⽽对于es来说，为了适应新的业务逻辑，可能就要对原有的索引做⼀些修改，⽐如对某些字段做调整，甚⾄是重建索引。⽽做这些操作的时候，可能会对业务造成影响，甚⾄是停机调整等问题。由此，es提供了索引别名来解决这些问题。 索引别名就像⼀个快捷⽅式或是软连接，可以指向⼀个或多个索引，也可 以给任意⼀个需要索引名的API来使⽤。别名的应⽤为程序提供了极⼤地灵活性

查询别名

GET /nba/_alias

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GET /_alias

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新增别名

POST /_aliases
{
	"actions": [{
		"add": {
			"index": "nba",
			"alias": "nba_v1.0"
		}
	}]
}

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PUT /nba/_alias/nba_v1.1

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删除别名

POST /_aliases
{
	"actions": [{
		"remove": {
			"index": "nba",
			"alias": "nba_v1.0"
		}
	}]
}

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DELETE /nba/_alias/nba_v1.1

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重命名

POST /_aliases
{
	"actions": [{
			"remove": {
				"index": "nba",
				"alias": "nba_v1.0"
			}
		},
		{
			"add": {
				"index": "nba",
				"alias": "nba_v2.0"
			}
		}
	]
}

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为多个索引指定⼀个别名

POST /_aliases
{
	"actions": [{
			"add": {
				"index": "nba",
				"alias": "national_player"
			}
		},
		{
			"add": {
				"index": "wnba",
				"alias": "national_player"
			}
		}
	]
}

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为同个索引指定多个别名

POST /_aliases
{
	"actions": [{
			"add": {
				"index": "nba",
				"alias": "nba_v2.1"
			}
		},
		{
			"add": {
				"index": "nba",
				"alias": "nba_v2.2"
			}
		}
	]
}

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通过别名读索引

• 当别名指定了⼀个索引，则查出⼀个索引

GET /nba_v2.1

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• 当别名指定了多个索引，则查出多个索引

GET /national_player

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通过别名写索引

• 当别名指定了⼀个索引，则可以做写的操作

POST /nba_v2.1/_doc/566
{
	"countryEn": "Croatia",
	"teamName": "快船",
	"birthDay": 858661200000,
	"country": "克罗地亚",
	"teamCityEn": "LA",
	"code": "ivica_zubac",
	"displayAffiliation": "Croatia",
	"displayName": "伊维察 祖巴茨哥哥",
	"schoolType": "",
	"teamConference": "⻄部",
	"teamConferenceEn": "Western",
	"weight": "108.9 公⽄",
	"teamCity": "洛杉矶",
	"playYear": 3,
	"jerseyNo": "40",
	"teamNameEn": "Clippers",
	"draft": 2016,
	"displayNameEn": "Ivica Zubac",
	"heightValue": 2.16,
	"birthDayStr": "1997-03-18",
	"position": "中锋",
	"age": 22,
	"playerId": "1627826"
}

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• 当别名指定了多个索引，可以指定写某个索引

POST /_aliases
{
	"actions": [{
			"add": {
				"index": "nba",
				"alias": "national_player",
				"is_write_index": true
			}
		},
		{
			"add": {
				"index": "wnba",
				"alias": "national_player"
			}
		}
	]
}

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POST /national_player/_doc/566
{
	"countryEn": "Croatia",
	"teamName": "快船",
	"birthDay": 858661200000,
	"country": "克罗地亚",
	"teamCityEn": "LA",
	"code": "ivica_zubac",
	"displayAffiliation": "Croatia",
	"displayName": "伊维察 祖巴茨妹妹",
	"schoolType": "",
	"teamConference": "⻄部",
	"teamConferenceEn": "Western",
	"weight": "108.9 公⽄",
	"teamCity": "洛杉矶",
	"playYear": 3,
	"jerseyNo": "40",
	"teamNameEn": "Clippers",
	"draft": 2016,
	"displayNameEn": "Ivica Zubac",
	"heightValue": 2.16,
	"birthDayStr": "1997-03-18",
	"position": "中锋",
	"age": 22,
	"playerId": "1627826"
}