Docker基本操作

一.Dock基本操作

1. 对已启动容器进行文件挂载

<1> 关闭容器

<2> 切换Root用户跳转到容器信息目录：cd /var/lib/docker/containers/容器id/

<3> vi hostconfig.json 修改如下，将容器目录/import绑定到主机/data目录

"Binds": ["data:/import"]

<4>vi config.v2.json,修改如下，添加MountPoints:

"/import": {
   "Source": "/data",
   "Destination": "/import",
   "RW": true,
   "Name": "",
   "Driver": "",
   "Type": "bind",
   "Propagation": "rprivate",
   "Spec": {
       "Type": "bind",
       "Source": "/data",
       "Target": "/import"
  },
   "SkipMountpointCreation": false
}

<5>启动容器

2. Docker启动nginx容器并挂载配置文件

命令：

docker run -v /usr/local/nginx/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf \
-p 80:9443 \
--name nginx \
--restart always \
-d nginx

如果想使用80端口转发则配置文件命名default.conf不可修改，需要此文件覆盖容器中的相同文件

server {
  listen       80;
  listen [::]:80;
  server_name localhost;
​
   #charset koi8-r;
   #access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
​
location /api/basic_management {
      proxy_pass： http://10.22.30.20:31734
  }

location /api/data_center {
      proxy_pass： http://10.25.1.184:9000
  }

location /api/digital-bank-web {
      proxy_pass： http://10.25.1.184:8800
  }
​
  location / {
      root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
      index index.html index.htm;
  }
​
   #error_page 404             /404.html;
​
   # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
   #
  error_page   500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
  location = /50x.html {
      root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
  }
​
   # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
   #
   #location ~ \.php$ {
   #   proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
   #}
​
   # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
   #
   #location ~ \.php$ {
   #   root           html;
   #   fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
   #   fastcgi_index index.php;
   #   fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
   #   include       fastcgi_params;
   #}
​
   # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
   # concurs with nginx's one
   #
   #location ~ /\.ht {
   #   deny all;
   #}
}

 

3. 修改报错容器中的配置文件

# 查看容器报错原因
[root@pro nginx]# docker logs nginx
nginx: [emerg] unknown directive "gizp" in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:29
# 在此目录找到nginx容器的配置文件
[root@pro nginx]# cd /var/lib/docker/overlay2/
[root@pro overlay2]# find ./ -name nginx.conf
./7baeb968df6b073708cce37a182cf54fd033023a5eda6bb6d1077438d950ce6e/diff/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# 将文件修改正确
[root@pro overlay2]# vim ./7baeb968df6b073708cce37a182cf54fd033023a5eda6bb6d1077438d950ce6e/diff/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# 重启容器
[root@pro overlay2]# docker restart nginx
nginx

 

二. 文件拷贝

1. 从容器中拷贝文件到宿主机

执行命令格式：docker cp 容器名/容器ID:容器里面的文件路径 宿主机对应的路径

2.从宿主机拷贝文件到容器

执行命令格式：docker cp 宿主机文件对应路径 容器名/容器ID:容器里面对应的路径

三.Centos7安装

1.更新本地YUM

执行命令：yum update -y

2.安装wget(已安装的可跳过)

安装命令：yum install wget

替换阿里镜像：wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

生成本地仓库缓存：yum makecache

3.安装docker

命令：yum install docker -y

初始化命令：

systemctl start docker  #启动docker
systemctl enable docker #开机启动docker
systemctl status docker #查看docker状态