YII 技巧
大部分来源于 https://getyii.com/topic/47#comment24
获取当前Controller name和action name(在控制器里面使用)
echo $this->id; echo $this->action->id;
控制器获取当前模块
$this->module->id
不生成label标签
// ActiveForm类 $form->field($model, '字段名')->passwordInput(['maxlength' => true])->label(false) ?>
Yii2 获取接口传过来的 JSON 数据:
Yii::$app->request->rawBody;
防止 SQL 和 Script 注入:
use yii\helpers\Html; use yii\helpers\HtmlPurifier; echo Html::encode($view_hello_str) //可以原样显示<script></script>代码 echo HtmlPurifier::process($view_hello_str) //可以过滤掉<script></script>代码
大于、小于条件查询
// SELECT * FROM `order` WHERE `subtotal` > 200 ORDER BY `id` $orders = $customer->getOrders() ->where(['>', 'subtotal', 200]) ->orderBy('id') ->all();
搜索的时候添加条件筛选
$dataProvider = $searchModel->search(Yii::$app->request->queryParams); // $dataProvider->query->andWhere(['pid' => 0]); $dataProvider->query->andWhere(['>', 'pid', 0]); //可选传参 $dataProvider->query->andFilterWhere(['id'=>isset($id)?$id:null]);
有两种方式获取查询出来的 name 为数组的集合 [name1, name2, name3]:
方式一:
return \yii\helpers\ArrayHelper::getColumn(User::find()->all(), 'name');
方式二:
return User::find()->select('name')->asArray()->column();
打印数据:
// 引用命名空间 use yii\helpers\VarDumper; // 使用 VarDumper::dump($var); // 使用2 第二个参数是数组的深度 第三个参数是是否显示代码高亮(默认不显示) VarDumper::dump($var, 10 ,true);die;
表单验证,只要需要一个参数:
public function rules() { return [ [['card_id', 'card_code'], function ($attribute, $param) {//至少要一个 if (empty($this->card_code) && empty($this->card_id)) { $this->addError($attribute, 'card_id/card_code至少要填一个'); } }, 'skipOnEmpty' => false], ]; }
SQL is not null条件查询
// ['not' => ['attribute' => null]]
//['ISNULL(`attribute`)'=>true] $query = new Query; $query->select('ID, City,State,StudentName') ->from('student') ->where(['IsActive' => 1]) ->andWhere(['not', ['City' => null]]) ->andWhere(['not', ['State' => null]]) ->orderBy(['rand()' => SORT_DESC]) ->limit(10);
校验 point_template_id 在 PointTemplate 是否存在
public function rules() { return [ [['point_template_id'], 'exist', 'targetClass' => PointTemplate::className(), 'targetAttribute' => 'id', 'message' => '此{attribute}不存在。' ], ]; }
Yii给必填项加星
div . required label:after { content: " *"; color: red; }
执行SQL查询并缓存结果
$styleId = Yii::$app->request->get('style'); $collection = Yii::$app->db->cache(function ($db) use ($styleId) { return Collection::findOne(['style_id' => $styleId]); }, self::SECONDS_IN_MINITUE * 10);
场景:
数据库有user表有个avatar_path字段用来保存用户头像路径
需求: 头像url需要通过域名http://b.com/作为基本url
目标: 提高代码复用
此处http://b.com/可以做成一个配置
示例:
User.php
class User extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord { ... public function extraFields() { $fields = parent::extraFields(); $fields['avatar_url'] = function () { return empty($this->avatar_path) ? '可以设置一个默认的头像地址' : 'http://b.com/' . $this->avatar_path; }; return $fields; } ... }
ExampleController.php
class ExampleController extends \yii\web\Controller { public function actionIndex() { $userModel = User::find()->one(); $userData = $userModel->toArray([], ['avatar_url']); echo $userData['avatar_url']; // 输出内容: http://b.com/头像路径 } }
Model 里面 rules 联合唯一规则
[['store_id', 'member_name'], 'unique', 'targetAttribute' => ['store_id', 'member_name'], 'message' => 'The combination of Store ID and Member Name has already been taken.'],
Model多个字段一条规则不同提示
[['name', 'email', 'subject', 'body'], 'required','message'=>'{attribute} 必须'],
标量查询 Post::find()->select('title')->where(['user_id' => $userId])->scalar(); 生成 SQL:SELECT `title` FROM `post` WHERE `user_id` = 1 直接输出 title 的值。 如果 select('title') 不写的话,生成 SQL 是:`SELECT * FROM `post` WHERE `user_id`=1` 直接输出 id 的值
表单验证,去除首尾空格:
public function rules() { return [[title', 'content'],'trim']]; }
单独为某个Action关闭 Csrf 验证
新建一个Behavior
use Yii; use yii\base\Behavior; use yii\web\Controller; class NoCsrf extends Behavior { public $actions = []; public $controller; public function events() { return [Controller::EVENT_BEFORE_ACTION => 'beforeAction']; } public function beforeAction($event) { $action = $event->action->id; if (in_array($action, $this->actions)) { $this->controller->enableCsrfValidation = false; } } }
然后在Controller中添加Behavior
public function behaviors() { return [ 'csrf' => [ 'class' => NoCsrf::className(), 'controller' => $this, 'actions' => [ 'action - name' ] ] ]; }
LIKE 查询 单边加 %
['like', 'name', 'tester'] 会生成 name LIKE ' % tester % '。 ['like', 'name', ' % tester', false] => name LIKE ' % tester' $query = User::find()->where(['LIKE', 'name', $id . ' % ', false]);
SQL 随机抽取十名幸运用户
$query = new Query; $query->select('ID, City,State,StudentName') ->from('student') ->where(['IsActive' => 1]) ->andWhere(['not', ['State' => null]]) ->orderBy(['rand()' => SORT_DESC]) ->limit(10);
关于事务:
Yii::$app->db->transaction(function () { $order = new Order($customer); $order->save(); $order->addItems($items); }); // 这相当于下列冗长的代码: $transaction = Yii::$app->db->beginTransaction(); try { $order = new Order($customer); $order->save(); $order->addItems($items); $transaction->commit(); } catch (\Exception $e) { $transaction->rollBack(); throw $e; }
批量插入数据
第一种方法 $model = new User(); foreach ($data as $attributes) { $_model = clone $model; $_model->setAttributes($attributes); $_model->save(); } 第二种方法 $model = new User(); foreach ($data as $attributes) { $model->isNewRecord = true; $model->setAttributes($attributes); $model->save() && $model->id = 0; }
URL操作
获取url中的host信息 Yii::$app->request->getHostInfo() 获取url中的路径信息(不包含host和参数): Yii::$app->request->getPathInfo() 获取不包含host信息的url(含参数): # /public/index.php?r=news&id=1 Yii::$app->request->url 或者 Yii::$app->request->requestUri 只想获取url中的参数部分 # r=news&id=1 Yii::$app->getRequest()->queryString; 获取某个参数的值,比如id Yii::$app->getRequest()->getQuery('id'); //get parameter 'id' 获取(除域名外的)首页地址 # /public/index.php Yii::$app->user->returnUrl; 获取Referer Yii::$app->request->headers['Referer'] 或者 Yii::$app->getRequest()->getReferrer()