leetcode mysql 练习

1 从不订购的客户

某网站包含两个表,Customers 表和 Orders 表。编写一个 SQL 查询,找出所有从不订购任何东西的客户。

Customers 表:

+----+-------+
| Id | Name  |
+----+-------+
| 1  | Joe   |
| 2  | Henry |
| 3  | Sam   |
| 4  | Max   |
+----+-------+

Orders 表:

+----+------------+
| Id | CustomerId |
+----+------------+
| 1  | 3          |
| 2  | 1          |
+----+------------+

例如给定上述表格,你的查询应返回:

+-----------+
| Customers |
+-----------+
| Henry     |
| Max       |
+-----------+
解答① 联接
select c.name as customers from customers c left join orders o on c.id = o.customerid where customerid is null
解答② not in
select c.name as customers from customers c where c.id not in (select customerid from orders)

2 删除重复的电子邮箱

编写一个 SQL 查询,来删除 Person 表中所有重复的电子邮箱,重复的邮箱里只保留 Id 最小 的那个。

+----+------------------+
| Id | Email            |
+----+------------------+
| 1  | john@example.com |
| 2  | bob@example.com  |
| 3  | john@example.com |
+----+------------------+
Id 是这个表的主键。

例如,在运行你的查询语句之后,上面的 Person 表应返回以下几行:

+----+------------------+
| Id | Email            |
+----+------------------+
| 1  | john@example.com |
| 2  | bob@example.com  |
+----+------------------+
解答
delete p2 from person p1, person p2 where p1.email = p2.email and p2.Id > p1.Id
解答②
delete from person where id not in (select id from (select min(id) id from person group by email) p)

3 上升的温度

给定一个 Weather 表,编写一个 SQL 查询,来查找与之前(昨天的)日期相比温度更高的所有日期的 Id。

+---------+------------------+------------------+
| Id(INT) | RecordDate(DATE) | Temperature(INT) |
+---------+------------------+------------------+
|       1 |       2015-01-01 |               10 |
|       2 |       2015-01-02 |               25 |
|       3 |       2015-01-03 |               20 |
|       4 |       2015-01-04 |               30 |
+---------+------------------+------------------+

例如,根据上述给定的 Weather 表格,返回如下 Id:

+----+
| Id |
+----+
|  2 |
|  4 |
+----+
解答① to_days 函数
select w1.id from weather w1,weather w2 where to_days(w1.recorddate)-to_days(w2.recorddate)=1 and w1.temperature - w2.temperature > 0
其他方法
date_sub 加上天数等于某个日期 date_sub(日期,+X)
datediff 返回两日期间的天数 前面减后面的 datediff(2018-8-5 , 2018-8-4) 可以得值 也可用于判断

4 超过5名学生的课程

有一个courses 表 ,有: student (学生) 和 class (课程)。

请列出所有超过或等于5名学生的课。

例如,表:

+---------+------------+
| student | class      |
+---------+------------+
| A       | Math       |
| B       | English    |
| C       | Math       |
| D       | Biology    |
| E       | Math       |
| F       | Computer   |
| G       | Math       |
| H       | Math       |
| I       | Math       |
+---------+------------+

应该输出:

+---------+
| class   |
+---------+
| Math    |
+---------+

Note:
学生在每个课中不应被重复计算。

方法一

select class from courses group by class having count(distinct student) >= 5

方法二

select class from (select distinct * from courses) as a group by a.class having count(class)>=5

5 第二高的薪水

编写一个 SQL 查询,获取 Employee 表中第二高的薪水(Salary) 。

+----+--------+
| Id | Salary |
+----+--------+
| 1  | 100    |
| 2  | 200    |
| 3  | 300    |
+----+--------+

例如上述 Employee 表,SQL查询应该返回 200 作为第二高的薪水。如果不存在第二高的薪水,那么查询应返回 null

+---------------------+
| SecondHighestSalary |
+---------------------+
| 200                 |
+---------------------+
方法一

select ifnull((select  distinct salary from employee order by salary desc limit 1 offset 1),null) as secondhighestsalary

ifnull(A,B)如果A不为空返回A,为空则返回B

limit 2,1  从第1位起取2个数

limit 1 取1个数

limit 1 offset 1 取1个数 从第2位开始

方法二

SELECT MAX(Salary) FROM Employee WHERE Salary NOT IN (SELECT MAX(Salary) FROM Employee)

6 换座位

小美是一所中学的信息科技老师,她有一张 seat 座位表,平时用来储存学生名字和与他们相对应的座位 id。

其中纵列的 id 是连续递增的

小美想改变相邻俩学生的座位。

你能不能帮她写一个 SQL query 来输出小美想要的结果呢?

 

示例:

+---------+---------+
|    id   | student |
+---------+---------+
|    1    | Abbot   |
|    2    | Doris   |
|    3    | Emerson |
|    4    | Green   |
|    5    | Jeames  |
+---------+---------+

假如数据输入的是上表,则输出结果如下:

+---------+---------+
|    id   | student |
+---------+---------+
|    1    | Doris   |
|    2    | Abbot   |
|    3    | Green   |
|    4    | Emerson |
|    5    | Jeames  |
+---------+---------+

注意:

如果学生人数是奇数,则不需要改变最后一个同学的座位。

方法一

select (case
when mod(id,2)!=0 and id != counts then id+1
when mod(id,2)=0 then id-1
when mod(id,2)!=0 and id=counts then id
end)as id,student from seat,(select count(*) counts from seat) seat_counts order by id

case when ...then...end 按条件更改内容

7 分数排名

编写一个 SQL 查询来实现分数排名。如果两个分数相同,则两个分数排名(Rank)相同。请注意,平分后的下一个名次应该是下一个连续的整数值。换句话说,名次之间不应该有“间隔”。

+----+-------+
| Id | Score |
+----+-------+
| 1  | 3.50  |
| 2  | 3.65  |
| 3  | 4.00  |
| 4  | 3.85  |
| 5  | 4.00  |
| 6  | 3.65  |
+----+-------+

例如,根据上述给定的 Scores 表,你的查询应该返回(按分数从高到低排列):

+-------+------+
| Score | Rank |
+-------+------+
| 4.00  | 1    |
| 4.00  | 1    |
| 3.85  | 2    |
| 3.65  | 3    |
| 3.65  | 3    |
| 3.50  | 4    |
+-------+------+
select score,(select count(distinct score) from scores where score >= s.score) rank
              from scores s order by score desc

 

将一个复制的score 与原score每行比较并计数,数大于等于某行的不重复数量

8 连续出现的数字

编写一个 SQL 查询,查找所有至少连续出现三次的数字。

+----+-----+
| Id | Num |
+----+-----+
| 1  |  1  |
| 2  |  1  |
| 3  |  1  |
| 4  |  2  |
| 5  |  1  |
| 6  |  2  |
| 7  |  2  |
+----+-----+

例如,给定上面的 Logs 表, 1 是唯一连续出现至少三次的数字。

+-----------------+
| ConsecutiveNums |
+-----------------+
| 1               |
+-----------------+
select distinct l1.num consecutivenums from logs l1,logs l2,logs l3 
where l1.id = l2.id + 1 and l2.id = l3.id + 1 and l1.num = l2.num and l2.num = l3.num
9 第n高的薪水

编写一个 SQL 查询,获取 Employee 表中第 高的薪水(Salary)。

+----+--------+
| Id | Salary |
+----+--------+
| 1  | 100    |
| 2  | 200    |
| 3  | 300    |
+----+--------+

例如上述 Employee 表,n = 2 时,应返回第二高的薪水 200。如果不存在第 高的薪水,那么查询应返回 null

+------------------------+
| getNthHighestSalary(2) |
+------------------------+
| 200                    |
+------------------------+
CREATE FUNCTION getNthHighestSalary(N INT) RETURNS INT
BEGIN
  set N=N-1;
  RETURN (
      # Write your MySQL query statement below.
      select salary from employee group by salary order by salary desc limit 1 offset N
  );
END

 

10 部门工资最高的员工

Employee 表包含所有员工信息,每个员工有其对应的 Id, salary 和 department Id。

+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name  | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1  | Joe   | 70000  | 1            |
| 2  | Henry | 80000  | 2            |
| 3  | Sam   | 60000  | 2            |
| 4  | Max   | 90000  | 1            |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+

Department 表包含公司所有部门的信息。

+----+----------+
| Id | Name     |
+----+----------+
| 1  | IT       |
| 2  | Sales    |
+----+----------+

编写一个 SQL 查询,找出每个部门工资最高的员工。例如,根据上述给定的表格,Max 在 IT 部门有最高工资,Henry 在 Sales 部门有最高工资。

+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT         | Max      | 90000  |
| Sales      | Henry    | 80000  |
+------------+----------+--------+
select d.name department,e.name employee,salary from employee e , department d where departmentid = d.id 
and salary = (select max(salary) from employee where departmentid = d.id)

 















posted on 2018-08-06 09:55  lvgb  阅读(173)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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