英语作业 —— 读小说
因为《钢铁》推荐了《牛虻(\(\rm m\acute{e} ng\))》所以来看看这本书。
牛虻这个人确实震撼了我。
至于作业写的可能比较丑陋。
说说想法。
牛虻此人无疑具备坚强的意志，他在美洲活做了各种工作来谋生，比如当杂耍班子的小丑（被人踩踏），可以说他的生活是痛苦的，毕竟他的身份有了很大的转变。
我当时年轻，自命不凡，以为撒谎的人应该下地狱。所以我从家里跑走了，一头扎进南美闯荡，口袋里没有一分钱，嘴上一个西班牙语单词也不会说，而且也没有一点糊口的本事，只有白净的双手和大把花钱的习惯。结果自然是一交跌进了真正的地狱，使我不再想象虚无缥缈的地狱是个什么模样。这一交跌得太深了——等到杜普雷兹探险队过来，把我拉了出去时，正好是过了五年。
他的生活很痛苦，但是他坚持了下来。
本书还有几条比较明显的线路（我不知道怎么说），宗教还有亲人关系。
牛虻最初把宗教混进信仰，后来遭到打击，彻底反对宗教；对于他的父亲，他致死都不愿伤害或者是利用。
（如果没有父亲的影响，他就不会死，他在信仰和父亲之间选择了父亲，最后死亡）
可能是因为他的父亲在他年轻对他有着较大的影响，也可能是他被伦理束缚，总之他最后没有决心。
感觉本书较好地描绘出了一种矛盾吧，就是在信仰上对立（而且这是不可调和的）而在别的关系上亲近。这个时候应该如何选择呢？
牛虻身上也有缺陷，他是激进的，他是孤独的，他是疯狂的，他的行事方式并不可取。
The Gadfly
Summary
The story happened in 19th century in Italy. Arthur Burton(the main character) was a young man who joined the Young Italy. He entrusted his rector Montanelli and told him about his work. In his old rector’s absence, the young man at a confession with the new rector talked about his love for the girl and jealousy for the party member Boll, but this rector was a spy and Arthur was soon arrested. His comrades thought that he had betrayed them. Meanwhile Arthur learned that his real father is his “Padre” Montanelli. After he was released, He threw his hat into the river and illegally went to South America in despair.
13 years later, he went back to Italy and devoted himself to revolutionary work. He wrote satirical articles to ridicule Jesuits under the assumed name of “Felice Rivares”. After that, he smuggled weapons into Italy for the coming revolution. He participated in the task in person and was arrested at last. Then he was abused in the prison. He tried to escape but fainted because of the disease and was arrested again. In the end Montanelli decided to execute him and by shooting. He sacrificed for the coming revolution.
Thoughts(Eng)
In my opinion, the novel is a story of a revolutionary's growth. The Gadfly was born in Italy and was greatly influenced by religion. He used to feel spiritually empty under the pressure of theological theories and religious ceremonies, so when he came into contact with the "New Thought", this feeling disappeared, and his beliefs became "a clearer and newer religious ideal", and he regarded Padre as the prophet of this new ideal. His faith became "a clearer and newer religious ideal" and he took Padre as the prophet of this new ideal. Here you can see that he was rather young and naive (and would be easily deceived). Later, he confessed to a secret agent, unintentionally revealing the secret of the organisation's activities, and went to prison, where his companions think he has betrayed them; he also learns of his mother's incestuous relationship with his Padre, these things gave him a serious blow. In despair, instead of explaining himself to his companions, he pretended to drown and fled to the Americas. I think this is why he broke with religion. He had been a child of a wealthy family and when he got to the Americas he had no one to turn to and times were very hard, but he persevered. 13 years later he returned to Italy, but his love for Padre had not disappeared (perhaps because of the blood relationship, an ethic that bound him), I should say it was a love/hate relationship, which led to his unwillingness to shoot Padre during the mission and his arrest and imprisonment. I think that for him, affection overcame faith (he kept his mouth shut), while for Montanelli, faith overcame affection (he finally decided to execute his own son) (but he also ended up dying in an overly emotional state). Before his death, The Gadfly says "Padre--is your--God--satisfied?" It feels like this is one of the causes of Montanelli's death (an attack on his inner ethics).
Thoughts(Chi)
没错就是用 deepl 翻译的。
在我看来，小说写的是一位革命者的成长故事。牛虻他出生在意大利，受到宗教的影响很大，从前他在神学理论和宗教仪式的重压下感到精神空虚，因此后来接触到“新思潮”这种感觉变消失了，他的信仰变成了“一种更加清晰、更加崭新的宗教理想”，并且他把 Padre 当作这种新理想的先知。这里可以看出来他的思想比较稚嫩，天真（容易被骗）。后来，他向一位密探忏悔，无意泄露了组织活动的秘密，入狱，他的同伴们认为他背叛了；他还了解到他的母亲与他的 Padre 的不正当关系，可以说是很多打击。绝望之下，他没有向同伴解释，而是假装溺水而亡，逃到了美洲。我认为这就是为什么他和宗教决裂。他曾经是个富有家庭的孩子，到了美洲他无依无靠，日子非常艰难，但他坚持了下来。13 年后，他回到了意大利，但是他对 Padre 的爱并未消失（或许是因为血缘关系，这种伦理束缚了他），应该说是爱恨交织吧，这也导致他在任务中不愿对 Padre 开枪，被捕入狱。我认为对于他来说，亲情战胜了信仰（他一直在嘴硬），而对于 Montanelli 来说，信仰战胜了亲情（他最后决定处死亲生儿子）（但是他最后也心情过于激动死了）。临死前，牛虻说了一句 "Padre--is your--God--satisfied?" 感觉这也是 Montanelli 死因之一（内心伦理的攻击）。
