Mybatis

Mybatis

基本使用

1. 创建工具类来构造SqlSessionFactory

public class MybatisUtil {
 
    //在类加载时就进行创建
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static {
        try {
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(new FileInputStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取一个新的会话
     * @param autoCommit 是否开启自动提交（跟JDBC是一样的，如果不自动提交，则会变成事务操作）
     * @return SqlSession对象
     */
    public static SqlSession getSession(boolean autoCommit){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession(autoCommit);
    }
}
 

2. main方法更简单

package com.test;
 
import com.test.Util.MybatisUtil;
import com.test.mapper.TestMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
 
import java.awt.print.Book;
import java.util.List;
 
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
MybatisUtil.getSession(true).getMapper(TestMapper.class).selectStudent().forEach(System.out::println);
    }
}
 
 

3. entity.Student

package com.test.entity;
 
 
import lombok.Data;
 
@Data
public class Student {
    int sid;
    String name;
    String sex;
    int grade;
}
 
 

4. mapper.TestMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.test.mapper.TestMapper">
    <select id="selectStudent" resultType="com.test.entity.Student">
        select * from book_manage.student
    </select>
</mapper>

5. mapper.TestMapper

package com.test.mapper;
 
import com.test.entity.Student;
 
import java.awt.print.Book;
import java.util.List;
 
public interface TestMapper {
    List<Student> selectStudent();
}
 

6. mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/book_manage"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
<mappers>
    <mapper resource="com/test/mapper/TestMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
 
 
</configuration>
 

起别名

1. Student.java

   @Alias("MiKu")
   public class Student {
       int sid;
       String name;
       String sex;
       int grade;
   }

   mybatis-config.xml

   <typeAliases>
       <package name="com.test.entity"/>
   </typeAliases>

   TestMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="com.test.mapper.TestMapper">
    <select id="selectStudent" resultType="MiKu">
        select * from book_manage.student
    </select>
</mapper>

2. mybatis-config.xml

<!-- 需要在environments的上方 -->
<typeAliases>
    <typeAlias type="com.test.entity.Student" alias="Student"/>
</typeAliases>
 

TestMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="com.test.mapper.TestMapper">
    <select id="selectStudent" resultType="Student">
        select * from book_manage.student
    </select>
</mapper>

3. mybatis-config.xml

<typeAliases>
        <package name="com.test.entity"/>
    </typeAliases>

TestMapper.xml

<select id="selectStudent" resultType="student">
        select * from book_manage.student
    </select>

增

<insert id="addStudent" >
    insert into student(name,age) values (#{name},#{age})
</insert>

int addStudent(Student student);

System.out.println(mapper.addStudent(new Student().setName("白牛").setAge(88)));

删

<delete id="deleteStudent">
    delete from student where id = #{id}
</delete>

int deleteStudent(int id);

System.out.println(mapper.deleteStudent(16));

改

<update id="updateStudent">
    update student
    set name=#{name},age=#{age}
    where id = #{id}
</update>

int updateStudent(Student student);

System.out.println(mapper.updateStudent(new Student(2,"cat",999)));

查

<select id="selectStudentById" resultType="Student">
    select * from student where id = #{id}
</select>

Student selectStudentById(int id);

System.out.println(mapper.selectStudentById(3));

用Map映射

<resultMap id="Test" type="Student">
    <result column="id" property="age"/>
    <result column="name" property="name"/>
    <result column="age" property="id"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectStudent" resultType="Map">
        select * from student
    </select>

List<Student> selectStudent();

mapper.selectStudent().forEach(System.out::println);

构造器问题

一个类中存在多个构造方法，会报错

<resultMap id="Test" type="Student">
    <constructor>
        <arg column="id" javaType="int"/>
        <arg column="name" javaType="String"/>
    </constructor>
</resultMap>
 
<select id="selectStudent" resultMap="Test">
    select * from student
</select>

@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class Student {
 
    public Student(Integer id, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    int id;
    String name;
    int age;
 
 
}

驼峰命名

数据库是下划线命名，java是驼峰命名，可以进行转换

<settings>
    <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
</settings>

下划线命名 -> 驼峰命名

事务操作

SqlSession session = MybatisUtil.getSession(false); // 开启事务
session.rollback(); // 回滚
session.commit(); // 提交

缓存机制

概念

把一部分内容放入缓存，下次获取数据，直接从缓存读取，直接从内存获取，而不是向数据库索要，效率更高

一级缓存

Mybatis默认启动一级缓存

作用范围有限，作用于一个会话，我们希望缓存扩展到所有会话，通过二级缓存，默认关闭

<cache
  eviction="FIFO"
  flushInterval="60000"
  size="512"
  readOnly="true"/>
 

某个方法关闭缓存

<select id="getStudentBySid" resultType="Student" useCache="false">
    select * from student where sid = #{sid}
</select>
 

操作完成后清空缓存

<select id="getStudentBySid" resultType="Student" flushCache="true">
    select * from student where sid = #{sid}
</select>
 

读取顺序：二级缓存 => 一级缓存 => 数据库

注解开发

@Insert("insert into student(name, sex) values(#{name}, #{sex})")
int addStudent(Student student);
 

<mappers>
    <mapper class="com.test.mapper.MyMapper"/>
    <!--  也可以直接注册整个包下的 <package name="com.test.mapper"/>  -->
</mappers>
 

指定构造方法

@ConstructorArgs({
        @Arg(column = "sid", javaType = int.class),
        @Arg(column = "name", javaType = String.class)
})
@Select("select * from student where sid = #{sid} and sex = #{sex}")
Student getStudentBySidAndSex(@Param("sid") int sid, @Param("sex") String sex);
 

指定参数类型

@Select("select * from student where sid = #{sid} and sex = #{sex}")
Student getStudentBySidAndSex(@Param("sid") int sid, @Param("sex") String sex);
 

注解控制缓存

@CacheNamespace(readWrite = false)
public interface MyMapper {
 
    @Select("select * from student")
    @Options(useCache = false)
    List<Student> getAllStudent();
 

Mybatis是半自动框架，SQL语句需要自己写，有一定麻烦，JPA框架这种全自动框架，几乎没有SQL语句！