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Shiro踩坑记(一):关于shiro-spring-boot-web-starter自动注解无法注入authorizer的问题

一)问题描述:

我在一个Spring的项目中使用shiro搭建权限控制框架。主要通过shiro-spring-boot-web-starter包快速集成Shiro。但是项目无法启动,报没有authorizer的bean的错误:  

```
No bean named 'authorizer' available
```  

我只好又在自己的Configuration中又配置了Authorizer,才能正常启动。  

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {

@Bean
public Authorizer authorizer(){
    return new ModularRealmAuthorizer();
}
}

但是奇怪的明明athorizer是SecurityManager中一个重要的组件,为什么没有在shiro starter的Configuration中被声明为Bean?同样的,Authenticator就没问题?

二)明确shiro-spring-boot-web-starter是否有对应的声明

我们在pom文件中声明了shiro-spring-boot-web-starter。就从对应的jar包开始找起。
首先是META-INF中的spring.factories文件。我们知道spring-boot-starter都是通过在该文件中声明Configuraion来达到集成自身配置的目的。

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration = \
org.apache.shiro.spring.config.web.autoconfigure.ShiroWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.apache.shiro.spring.config.web.autoconfigure.ShiroWebFilterConfiguration

上述声明了两个Configration:ShiroWebAutoConfiguration和ShiroWebFilterConfiguration。

  • ShiroWebFilterConfiguration
    先从简单的配置说起,ShiroWebFilterConfiguration是以添加Filter的方式来达到authentication的目的。这个和我们的问题无关,简单带过。
  • ShiroWebAutoConfiguration
@Configuration
@AutoConfigureBefore(ShiroAutoConfiguration.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "shiro.web.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
public class ShiroWebAutoConfiguration extends AbstractShiroWebConfiguration {

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationStrategy authenticationStrategy() {
        return super.authenticationStrategy();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected Authenticator authenticator() {
        return super.authenticator();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected Authorizer authorizer() {
        return super.authorizer();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SubjectDAO subjectDAO() {
        return super.subjectDAO();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionStorageEvaluator sessionStorageEvaluator() {
        return super.sessionStorageEvaluator();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SubjectFactory subjectFactory() {
        return super.subjectFactory();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionFactory sessionFactory() {
        return super.sessionFactory();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionDAO sessionDAO() {
        return super.sessionDAO();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionManager sessionManager() {
        return super.sessionManager();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionsSecurityManager securityManager(List<Realm> realms) {
        return createSecurityManager();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "sessionCookieTemplate")
    @Override
    protected Cookie sessionCookieTemplate() {
        return super.sessionCookieTemplate();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected RememberMeManager rememberMeManager() {
        return super.rememberMeManager();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "rememberMeCookieTemplate")
    @Override
    protected Cookie rememberMeCookieTemplate() {
        return super.rememberMeCookieTemplate();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected ShiroFilterChainDefinition shiroFilterChainDefinition() {
        return super.shiroFilterChainDefinition();
    }
}

这个配置类将Shiro需要的各组件都声明成了bean,交给容器管理。具体的创建过程都在父类AbstractShiroWebConfiguration。可以看到确实是有声明authorizer。但是为什么会找不到呢?是不是其他的配置文件声明了类似的bean,产生了影响?

三)继续查找其他配置

观察shiro-spring-boot-web-starter的配置文件,可以看到它又引用了shiro-spring-boot-starter包。shrio-spring-boot-starter又是一个Spring boot starter包,同样通过它的META-INF文件,可以知道加入了哪些Configuration:

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration = \
  org.apache.shiro.spring.boot.autoconfigure.ShiroBeanAutoConfiguration,\
  org.apache.shiro.spring.boot.autoconfigure.ShiroAutoConfiguration,\
  org.apache.shiro.spring.boot.autoconfigure.ShiroAnnotationProcessorAutoConfiguration

org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzer = \
  org.apache.shiro.spring.boot.autoconfigure.ShiroNoRealmConfiguredFailureAnalyzer

最后一个文件是判断项目中不存在Realm时,抛出异常。前面是我们需要关注的配置文件。

  • ShiroAnnotationProcessorAutoConfiguration
    该配置主要是通过AOP的方式实现authorization的功能。
  • ShiroBeanAutoConfiguraion
    主要是通过添加BeanPostProcessor,在Shiro相关的Bean初始化时,做一些额外的操作。
  • ShiroAutoConfiguration
@Configuration
@SuppressWarnings("SpringFacetCodeInspection")
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "shiro.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
public class ShiroAutoConfiguration extends AbstractShiroConfiguration {

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationStrategy authenticationStrategy() {
        return super.authenticationStrategy();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected Authenticator authenticator() {
        return super.authenticator();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected Authorizer authorizer() {
        return super.authorizer();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SubjectDAO subjectDAO() {
        return super.subjectDAO();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionStorageEvaluator sessionStorageEvaluator() {
        return super.sessionStorageEvaluator();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SubjectFactory subjectFactory() {
        return super.subjectFactory();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionFactory sessionFactory() {
        return super.sessionFactory();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionDAO sessionDAO() {
        return super.sessionDAO();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionManager sessionManager() {
        return super.sessionManager();
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    @Override
    protected SessionsSecurityManager securityManager(List<Realm> realms) {
        return super.securityManager(realms);
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnResource(resources = "classpath:shiro.ini")
    protected Realm iniClasspathRealm() {
        return iniRealmFromLocation("classpath:shiro.ini");
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnResource(resources = "classpath:META-INF/shiro.ini")
    protected Realm iniMetaInfClasspathRealm() {
        return iniRealmFromLocation("classpath:META-INF/shiro.ini");
    }

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(Realm.class)
    protected Realm missingRealm() {
        throw new NoRealmBeanConfiguredException();
    }


}

大致内容其实和ShiroWebAutoConfiguration很类似,只是ShiroWebAutoConfiguration将一些组件替换成了WEB环境相关的组件。但是ShiroWebAutoConfiguration声明了它的配置要在ShiroAutoConfiguration之前,而且根据ConditionalOnMissingBean的条件,得出Bean的配置应该是以ShiroWebAutoConfiguration中声明的为准。但是死马当活马医,配置文件中添加shiro.enabled为false的条件,再试试。。。果然还是不行。

四)DEBUG大法好

毫无办法的办法就是DEBUG大法。
首先从Configuration中生命的Bean是如何被容器加载的过程入手,找到了ConfigurationClassPostProcessor。同样是一个PostProcessor,猜想应该是在configuration bean的后置处理中进行了@Bean方法的解析。
主要的处理过程在processConfigBeanDefinition这个方法中,对这个方法做个简单的说明

/**
	 * Build and validate a configuration model based on the registry of
	 * {@link Configuration} classes.
	 */
	public void processConfigBeanDefinitions(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
		List<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates = new ArrayList<>();
		//获取registry中的bean definition
		String[] candidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();

		for (String beanName : candidateNames) {
			BeanDefinition beanDef = registry.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
			//bean definition 有configuration的属性,说明已经被解析处理过
			if (ConfigurationClassUtils.isFullConfigurationClass(beanDef) ||
					ConfigurationClassUtils.isLiteConfigurationClass(beanDef)) {
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Bean definition has already been processed as a configuration class: " + beanDef);
				}
			}
			//判断是否是configuration的bean,是则加入候选
			else if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(beanDef, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
				configCandidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDef, beanName));
			}
		}

		// 如果没有发现候选者,则返回
		if (configCandidates.isEmpty()) {
			return;
		}

		// 排序
		configCandidates.sort((bd1, bd2) -> {
			int i1 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd1.getBeanDefinition());
			int i2 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd2.getBeanDefinition());
			return Integer.compare(i1, i2);
		});

		// Detect any custom bean name generation strategy supplied through the enclosing application context
		SingletonBeanRegistry sbr = null;
		if (registry instanceof SingletonBeanRegistry) {
			sbr = (SingletonBeanRegistry) registry;
			if (!this.localBeanNameGeneratorSet) {
				BeanNameGenerator generator = (BeanNameGenerator) sbr.getSingleton(CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR);
				if (generator != null) {
					this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator = generator;
					this.importBeanNameGenerator = generator;
				}
			}
		}

		if (this.environment == null) {
			this.environment = new StandardEnvironment();
		}

		// 开始解析configuration 的bean definition
		ConfigurationClassParser parser = new ConfigurationClassParser(
				this.metadataReaderFactory, this.problemReporter, this.environment,
				this.resourceLoader, this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator, registry);

		Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>(configCandidates);
		Set<ConfigurationClass> alreadyParsed = new HashSet<>(configCandidates.size());

		// 如果候选者不为空,则继续解析
		do {
			// 解析过程
			parser.parse(candidates);
			// 校验
			parser.validate();

			// 获取新解析的config class	
			Set<ConfigurationClass> configClasses = new LinkedHashSet<>(parser.getConfigurationClasses());
			// 移除掉已经解析过的部分
			configClasses.removeAll(alreadyParsed);

			// 创建reader,添加bean definition
			if (this.reader == null) {
				this.reader = new ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader(
						registry, this.sourceExtractor, this.resourceLoader, this.environment,
						this.importBeanNameGenerator, parser.getImportRegistry());
			}
			this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses);
			alreadyParsed.addAll(configClasses);

			candidates.clear();
			//如果bean definition数量 大于 候选者的数量,说明有新的bean加入
			if (registry.getBeanDefinitionCount() > candidateNames.length) {
				String[] newCandidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();
				Set<String> oldCandidateNames = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(candidateNames));

				Set<String> alreadyParsedClasses = new HashSet<>();

				for (ConfigurationClass configurationClass : alreadyParsed) {
					alreadyParsedClasses.add(configurationClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
				}

				for (String candidateName : newCandidateNames) {
					//不在旧的candidate中,说明是新加入的
					if (!oldCandidateNames.contains(candidateName)) {

						BeanDefinition bd = registry.getBeanDefinition(candidateName);
						//未被解析的config class,添加到candidates中,等下一轮解析
						if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bd, this.metadataReaderFactory) &&
								!alreadyParsedClasses.contains(bd.getBeanClassName())) {
							candidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(bd, candidateName));
						}
					}
				}
				//更新候选者
				candidateNames = newCandidateNames;
			}
		}
		while (!candidates.isEmpty());

		// Register the ImportRegistry as a bean in order to support ImportAware @Configuration classes
		if (sbr != null && !sbr.containsSingleton(IMPORT_REGISTRY_BEAN_NAME)) {
			sbr.registerSingleton(IMPORT_REGISTRY_BEAN_NAME, parser.getImportRegistry());
		}

		if (this.metadataReaderFactory instanceof CachingMetadataReaderFactory) {
			// Clear cache in externally provided MetadataReaderFactory; this is a no-op
			// for a shared cache since it'll be cleared by the ApplicationContext.
			((CachingMetadataReaderFactory) this.metadataReaderFactory).clearCache();
		}
	}

1)parser.parse后设置断点,看ConfigurationClassParser是否能将ShiroWebAutoConfiguration中的@Bean正常的解析:

1

可以看到authorizer确实已经被ShiroWebAutoConfiguration加载。

2)解析没问题,那就看加载是否成功:
继续往下走,看reader.loadBeanDefinitions发生了什么:
2

找出ShiroWebAutoConfiguration对应的ConfigurationClass,看到SkippedBeanMethods中有authorizer!!!也就是说虽然解析出了authorizer,但是在加载的时候却被选择跳过了。。。
3)问题就变得比较清晰了,找出为什么被跳过的原因。
顺着代码找到ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader的loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass的方法,负责处理的BeanMethond的过程是在loadBeanDefitionsForBeanMethod中。
确实在方法开始前,有一个判断是否需要跳过的条件:

if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(metadata, ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {
			configClass.skippedBeanMethods.add(methodName);
			return;
		}

shouldSkip这个方法是根据@Bean上的@Conditional注解,来判断是否需要加载该Bean。回忆上文我们的ShiroWebAutoConfiguration中,确实在authorizer的方法上有@ConditionalOnMissingBean的注解。也就是说应该是哪里声明authorizer的Bean,导致配置中的Bean没有被加载。
4)OnBeanCondition.getMatchOutcome():处理@Bean的@Condtional条件,并输出结果。

3

最后发现被跳过的原因竟然是:

found beans of type 'org.apache.shiro.authz.Authorizer' authorizer, thirdPartyRealm, userRealm

我自定义的Realm竟然和authorizer冲突了。Spring认为已经有authorizer的bean,而不再加载配置中的authorizer。
5)为什么Realm和authorizer冲突?原来在获取相匹配的Bean时候还是通过容器本身(BeanFactory)的getNamesForType方法:

	Set<String> getNamesForType(Class<?> type) {
		updateTypesIfNecessary();
		//便利容器中所有的bean类型,将类型匹配的Type全部返回。注意这里还用了isAssiginableFrom,因此这里的查询类型的子类也会满足
		return this.beanTypes.entrySet().stream()
				.filter((entry) -> entry.getValue() != null
						&& type.isAssignableFrom(entry.getValue()))
				.map(Map.Entry::getKey)
				.collect(Collectors.toCollection(LinkedHashSet::new));
	}

反观我们的Realm对象:AuthorizingRealm实现了Authorizer接口。真相大白。

posted @ 2019-06-15 17:39  insaneXs  阅读(14943)  评论(5编辑  收藏  举报