Docker：Failed to copy files， no space left on device

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问题描述

在Mac上进行docker构建时，偶尔会遇到以下问题

Failed to copy files: userspace copy failed: 
write /var/lib/docker/volumes/xxx/_data/xxx.dbf: 
no space left on device

这种问题一般是由于频繁进行docker构建和运行，每次构建都会保留一些临时文件，占用了大量的存储空间。如果镜像、容器和本地Volume等docker相关的持久化存储消耗空间较大，再进行docker的构建和运行就会碰到以上问题。

解决方案

1. 使用docker system df命令查看docker持久化存储占用情况

➜  ~ docker system df
TYPE            TOTAL     ACTIVE    SIZE      RECLAIMABLE
Images          49        13        34.04GB   31.1GB (91%)
Containers      14        1         5.761GB   5.752GB (99%)
Local Volumes   0         0         0B        0B
Build Cache     177       0         11.39GB   11.39GB

发现Containers占用了大量空间

2. 清理Containers

# 清理containers
➜  ~ docker rm `docker ps -aq`

# 重新查看docker持久化存储占用空间
➜  ~ docker system df
TYPE            TOTAL     ACTIVE    SIZE      RECLAIMABLE
Images          49        1         34.04GB   34.04GB (100%)
Containers      1         1         8.367MB   0B (0%)
Local Volumes   0         0         0B        0B
Build Cache     177       0         11.39GB   11.39GB

从上面命令输出可以看出，Containers占用的存储已被大部分回收。

docker命令

1. 清理无名docker images

# 查询无名docker镜像
➜  ~ docker images | grep none
<none>                                                    <none>                                                                       71ee97a16e71   47 minutes ago      823MB
<none>                                                    <none>                                                                       2016ba05a0bd   58 minutes ago      1.04GB
<none>                                                    <none>                                                                       f9e7ceb56af9   About an hour ago   1.04GB
<none>                                                    <none>                                                                       6da657f62f88   About an hour ago   1.04GB

# 清理无名docker镜像
➜  ~ docker images | grep 'none' | awk '{print $3}' | xargs docker rmi
Deleted: sha256:71ee97a16e718bfed27e77aa20ce7a84613bc9db654880ae0572c3790f72e818
Deleted: sha256:84332b4724450b9387e8170a8e97f32a91c0a901ce7f79a811c244085559dc0a
Deleted: sha256:11de3bb1714a313d0f0c4c6815743c0b708e68da9bfbb3c6cbf4590f15b6bc59
Deleted: sha256:54f0f4c036757c04ce32abe8a0f008e67e39706214ce7fd346a80b7dbc6b4953
Deleted: sha256:19d81f07d04b03f24569a3d6297bccfbb91cf96cc750aac32ef7fa0e4acee131
Deleted: sha256:e8c8a6bde26ebde25f5b4302b57191aea15f71dcf345a8f1e6918b95a18db1ef
Deleted: sha256:2016ba05a0bd8e8d8ccb33dd437e4f50e3092751df1dc12633bbe0eb507c6bad
Deleted: sha256:b99f41317039f1d957ccea10817f76264bf8605c5167c033e5b4b2b725211698
Deleted: sha256:c1aea5e7327bed7c2358dc423e04dc952f495af067b3605937958fe92dd159af
Deleted: sha256:06304242456d6a4a6e4a860aee2e9c744a1c875c5fd6b2153780661ff34b26de
Deleted: sha256:f9e7ceb56af954bf393ec2ca414a4210f8fc99dc0174a5ef1cfcac718ee0698d

2. 清理docker volumes

docker volume ls | awk '{print $2}' | xargs -I {} docker volume rm {}