HBase学习——4.HBase过滤器
1.过滤器
基础API中的查询操作在面对大量数据的时候是非常苍白的，这里Hbase提供了高级的查询方法：Filter。Filter可以根据簇、列、版本等更多的条件来对数据进行过滤，基于Hbase本身提供的三维有序（主键有序、列有序、版本有序），这些Filter可以高效的完成查询过滤的任务。带有Filter条件的RPC查询请求会把Filter分发到各个RegionServer，是一个服务器端（Server-side）的过滤器，这样也可以降低网络传输的压力。
要完成一个过滤的操作，至少需要两个参数。一个是抽象的操作符，Hbase提供了枚举类型的变量来表示这些抽象的操作符：LESS/LESS_OR_EQUAL/EQUAL/NOT_EUQAL等；另外一个就是具体的比较器（Comparator），代表具体的比较逻辑，如果可以提高字节级的比较、字符串级的比较等。有了这两个参数，我们就可以清晰的定义筛选的条件，过滤数据。
1.1 抽象操作符（比较运算符）
LESS <
LESS_OR_EQUAL <=
EQUAL =
NOT_EQUAL <>
GREATER_OR_EQUAL >=
GREATER >
NO_OP 排除所有
1.2 比较器（指定比较机制）
BinaryComparator 按字节索引顺序比较指定字节数组，采用 Bytes.compareTo(byte[])
BinaryPrefixComparator 跟前面相同，只是比较左端的数据是否相同
NullComparator 判断给定的是否为空
BitComparator 按位比较
RegexStringComparator 提供一个正则的比较器，仅支持 EQUAL 和非 EQUAL
SubstringComparator 判断提供的子串是否出现在 value 中
2.HBase过滤器的分类
2.1 比较过滤器
2.1.1 行键过滤器 RowFilter
Filter rowFilter = new RowFilter(CompareOp.GREATER, new BinaryComparator("95007".getBytes()));
scan.setFilter(rowFilter);
public class HbaseFilterTest {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
Filter rowFilter = new RowFilter(CompareOp.GREATER, new BinaryComparator("95007".getBytes()));
scan.setFilter(rowFilter);
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for(Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println(cell);
}
}
}
}
运行结果部分截图
2.1.2 列簇过滤器 FamilyFilter
Filter familyFilter = new FamilyFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator("info".getBytes()));
scan.setFilter(familyFilter);
public class HbaseFilterTest {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
Filter familyFilter = new FamilyFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator("info".getBytes()));
scan.setFilter(familyFilter);
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for(Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println(cell);
}
}
}
}
2.1.3 列过滤器 QualifierFilter
Filter qualifierFilter = new QualifierFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator("name".getBytes()));
scan.setFilter(qualifierFilter);
public class HbaseFilterTest {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
Filter qualifierFilter = new QualifierFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new BinaryComparator("name".getBytes()));
scan.setFilter(qualifierFilter);
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for(Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println(cell);
}
}
}
}
2.1.4 值过滤器 ValueFilter
Filter valueFilter = new ValueFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new SubstringComparator("男"));
scan.setFilter(valueFilter);
public class HbaseFilterTest {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
Filter valueFilter = new ValueFilter(CompareOp.EQUAL, new SubstringComparator("男"));
scan.setFilter(valueFilter);
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for(Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println(cell);
}
}
}
}
2.1.5 时间戳过滤器 TimestampsFilter
List<Long> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(1522469029503l);
TimestampsFilter timestampsFilter = new TimestampsFilter(list);
scan.setFilter(timestampsFilter);
public class HbaseFilterTest {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
List<Long> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(1522469029503l);
TimestampsFilter timestampsFilter = new TimestampsFilter(list);
scan.setFilter(timestampsFilter);
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for(Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
+ "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
}
}
}
}
2.2 专用过滤器
2.2.1 单列值过滤器 SingleColumnValueFilter
会返回满足条件的整行
SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter = new SingleColumnValueFilter(
"info".getBytes(), //列簇
"name".getBytes(), //列
CompareOp.EQUAL,
new SubstringComparator("刘晨"));
//如果不设置为 true，则那些不包含指定 column 的行也会返回
singleColumnValueFilter.setFilterIfMissing(true);
scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueFilter);
public class HbaseFilterTest2 {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter = new SingleColumnValueFilter(
"info".getBytes(),
"name".getBytes(),
CompareOp.EQUAL,
new SubstringComparator("刘晨"));
singleColumnValueFilter.setFilterIfMissing(true);
scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueFilter);
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for(Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
+ "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
}
}
}
}
2.2.2 单列值排除器 SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter
SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter singleColumnValueExcludeFilter = new SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter(
"info".getBytes(),
"name".getBytes(),
CompareOp.EQUAL,
new SubstringComparator("刘晨"));
singleColumnValueExcludeFilter.setFilterIfMissing(true);
scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueExcludeFilter);
public class HbaseFilterTest2 {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter singleColumnValueExcludeFilter = new SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter(
"info".getBytes(),
"name".getBytes(),
CompareOp.EQUAL,
new SubstringComparator("刘晨"));
singleColumnValueExcludeFilter.setFilterIfMissing(true);
scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueExcludeFilter);
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for(Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
+ "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
}
}
}
}
2.2.3 前缀过滤器 PrefixFilter----针对行键
PrefixFilter prefixFilter = new PrefixFilter("9501".getBytes());
scan.setFilter(prefixFilter);
public class HbaseFilterTest2 {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
PrefixFilter prefixFilter = new PrefixFilter("9501".getBytes());
scan.setFilter(prefixFilter);
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for(Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
+ "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
}
}
}
}
2.2.4 列前缀过滤器 ColumnPrefixFilter
ColumnPrefixFilter columnPrefixFilter = new ColumnPrefixFilter("name".getBytes());
scan.setFilter(columnPrefixFilter);
public class HbaseFilterTest2 {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
admin = conn.getAdmin();
Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("student"));
Scan scan = new Scan();
ColumnPrefixFilter columnPrefixFilter = new ColumnPrefixFilter("name".getBytes());
scan.setFilter(columnPrefixFilter);
ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner) {
List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();
for(Cell cell : cells) {
System.out.println(Bytes.toString(cell.getRow()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getFamily()) + "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifier())
+ "\t" + Bytes.toString(cell.getValue()) + "\t" + cell.getTimestamp());
}
}
}
}
