RedHat6.5升级RockyLinux9.4的过程记录（失败）

背景

公司有一台老服务器运行着ReadHat6.5的系统，系统很稳定但是由于内核老旧，无法支持很多新特性，因此想将其升级到RockyLinux9.4；

问题

问题一，系统U盘制作

使用了UltraISO软件将.iso文件写到了u盘里，但最后无法使用，经过网上查找资料发现视图引导文件的问题，于是按照教程重新写入引导文件，可以正常进入安装界面了

问题二，系统无法识别已有的驱动器

目标服务器硬盘是sata口的固态盘，网上搜索资料很多都是让设置BIOS开启AHCI模式，经过尝试发现依然无法使用。
查询资料发现RockyLinux论坛上有人遇到了跟我一样的问题，详见（https://forums.rockylinux.org/t/compatible-sata-controller-cards/5715/3）

I’m trying to install the OS on an older PC, however the install fails because no drives are detected.
The problem stems from the lack of support for my current SATA contrallers.
So now I’m looking for a PCI/ePCI SATA controller with a chipset that is compatible.
Thanks
Pete

从论坛里又得到另一个信息就是RedHat8/CentOS8删除了大量的老旧设备驱动
http://elrepoproject.blogspot.com/2019/08/rhel-80-and-support-for-removed-adapters.html
RHEL 8.0 and support for removed adapters## Tuesday, August 27, 2019

RHEL 8.0 and support for removed adapters

In RHEL 8.0, support for a good number of hardware devices has been removed. A list of removed adapters with their device IDs can be found in this RHEL documentation. We provide support for some of those that are still fairly commonly used today. You can check your devices's IDs (as shown by lspci -nn) against our list of supported devices.

(1) Installation of the OS requires a driver for your hardware. We offer driver update disks (DUD). You can download them from here or the corresponding directory of our mirror sites. Each DUD image contains a driver in the form of a kmod package. The installer is supposed to find the driver. If this does not happen, you need to append the inst.dd option to the boot command line. For details please see Performing an assisted driver update. Also, a tutorial video that demonstrates how to use ELRepo's DUD is available.

(2) The installation process installs the kmod package for your adapter. Normally, because of the kABI-trackingnature of kmod, there is no need to reinstall the driver upon each new kernel update. However, it was found that the current version of dracut in RHEL 8.0 has a bug and the initramfs image of a new kernel does not contain the kernel module from the installed kmod package. As a result, the new kernel fails to boot. (This is no longer an issue. See the [Update] below.)

As an interim solution for the problem in (2), we provide a dracut package with a patch that fixes the bug here:

http://elrepo.org/people/akemi/testing/el8/dracut/

Install this version of dracut and then update the kernel. The system now should boot normally.

[UPDATE] dracut-049-10.git20190115.el8_0.1 released on Oct 29, 2019 has the patch that fixes the issue.

[UPDATE2] When updating the OS from 8.0 to 8.1, ELRepo's kmod packages must be updated to their .el8_1 version for the system to boot the 8.1 kernel.

[Note for CentOS-8 users] If you have switched to the centosplus kernel (kernel-plus) while on 8.0, you may want to uninstall the kmod package and no further action is required when updating to 8.1.

[Note for users who wish to install remotely] There is an excellent blog post written by Arrfab.
查询redhat官网得知下列设备已被删除
https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/considerations_in_adopting_rhel_8/hardware-enablement_considerations-in-adopting-rhel-8#removed-device-drivers_hardware-enablement
Removed device driversSupport for the following device drivers has been removed in RHEL 8:

• 3w-9xxx
• 3w-sas
• aic79xx
• aoe
• arcmsr
• ata drivers:
  • acard-ahci
  • sata_mv
  • sata_nv
  • sata_promise
  • sata_qstor
  • sata_sil
  • sata_sil24
  • sata_sis
  • sata_svw
  • sata_sx4
  • sata_uli
  • sata_via
  • sata_vsc
• bfa
• cxgb3
• cxgb3i
• e1000
• floppy
• hptiop
• initio
• isci
• iw_cxgb3
• mptbase - This driver is left in place for virtualization use case and easy developer transition. However it is not supported.
• mptctl
• mptsas - This driver is left in place for virtualization use case and easy developer transition. However it is not supported.
• mptscsih - This driver is left in place for virtualization use case and easy developer transition. However it is not supported.
• mptspi - This driver is left in place for virtualization use case and easy developer transition. However it is not supported.
• mthca
• mtip32xx
• mvsas
• mvumi
• OSD drivers:
  • osd
  • libosd
• osst
• pata drivers:
  • pata_acpi
  • pata_ali
  • pata_amd
  • pata_arasan_cf
  • pata_artop
  • pata_atiixp
  • pata_atp867x
  • pata_cmd64x
  • pata_cs5536
  • pata_hpt366
  • pata_hpt37x
  • pata_hpt3x2n
  • pata_hpt3x3
  • pata_it8213
  • pata_it821x
  • pata_jmicron
  • pata_marvell
  • pata_netcell
  • pata_ninja32
  • pata_oldpiix
  • pata_pdc2027x
  • pata_pdc202xx_old
  • pata_piccolo
  • pata_rdc
  • pata_sch
  • pata_serverworks
  • pata_sil680
  • pata_sis
  • pata_via
  • pdc_adma
• pm80xx(pm8001)
• pmcraid
• qla3xxx - This driver is left in place for virtualization use case and easy developer transition. However it is not supported.
• qlcnic
• qlge
• stex
• sx8
• tulip
• ufshcd
• wireless drivers:
  • carl9170
  • iwl4965
  • iwl3945
  • mwl8k
  • rt73usb
  • rt61pci
  • rtl8187
  • wil6210

很不幸的是 acard-ahci 赫然在列, 因此想要将RockyLInux安装到这台老旧服务器就是找到对应的ahci驱动，将驱动注入到系统里，我这边嫌太麻烦，于是放弃

最终选择

Ubuntu 值的你拥有，驱动很全，安装很快，内核很新