[java]Java中父类强制转换成子类的原则
Java中父类强制转换成子类的原则:父类型的引用指向的是哪个子类的实例,就能转换成哪个子类的引用。
例:
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Person person = new Boy();
Boy boy = (Boy) person;
boy.eat();
}
}
class Person {
public void eat() {
System.out.println("The people were eating");
}
}
class Boy extends Person {
public void eat() {
System.out.println("The boy were eating");
}
}
打印结果:The boy were eating
原因:当Boy实例化后将引用地址返回传给person,这时person引用实际指向的是Boy,所以将person转换成Boy能成功。
再定义一个类:
class Girl extends Person {
public void eat() {
System.out.println("The girl were eating");
}
}
main方法中添加:
Person p = new Girl();
Boy b = (Boy)p;
b.eat();
运行时提示:Girl cannot be cast to Boy(不能将女孩转换成男孩)
原因:当Girl实例化后将引用地址返回传给p,这时p引用实际指向的是Girl,将p转换成Boy也就是说将Girl转换成Boy,肯定不能成功。
上面的例子换句话来说,男孩和女孩都是人这肯定是对的,但你要说女孩是男孩肯定是不对的。
父类转子类的前提是:此父类对象为子类对象的引用
例如:
Father father = (Father)son;
当这种情况时,可以用instanceof判断是否是子类类型(实际) 然后强转回去
if(father instanceof Son)
Son son =(Son)father;
除此之外,不行。