C#:使用ajax异步请求实现文件上传与下载功能。---项目框架API+MVC
1.首先使用VS创建WebAPI项目
(这里有个帮助类,将此帮助类复制到项目里,有兴趣可以学着写)
//文件上传下载,导入导出辅助类 public class APIFileHelp { //此为限制文件格式 public string[] ExtentsfileName = new string[] { ".doc", ".xls", ".png", ".jpg" }; //Upload为自定义的文件夹,在项目中创建 public string UrlPath = "/Upload/"; //响应对象 ,使用前先赋值 public HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response; public HttpRequest Request = HttpContext.Current.Request; //文件下载 //downFileName下载后保存名,sourceFileName服务器端物理路径 public void DownLoad(string downFileName, string sourceFileName) { if (File.Exists(sourceFileName)) { Response.Clear(); Response.ClearHeaders(); Response.ClearContent(); Response.Buffer = true; Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", string.Format("attachment; FileName={0}", downFileName)); Response.Charset = "GB2312"; Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"); Response.ContentType = MimeMapping.GetMimeMapping(downFileName); Response.WriteFile(sourceFileName); Response.Flush(); Response.Close(); } } //文件上传操作 public FileResult UpLoad() { //保存文件名 string name = ""; if (Request.Files.Count > 0) { string FileUrlResult = ""; foreach (string fn in Request.Files) { var file = Request.Files[fn]; name = file.FileName.ToString(); var extenfilename = Path.GetExtension(file.FileName); //判断 路径是否存在 string path = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(UrlPath); if (!Directory.Exists(path)) { Directory.CreateDirectory(path); } if (ExtentsfileName.Contains(extenfilename.ToLower())) { string urlfile = UrlPath + DateTime.Now.ToFileTime() + extenfilename; string filepath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(urlfile); file.SaveAs(filepath); FileUrlResult += urlfile + ";"; } //格式不正确 else {
//实例化结果类 return new FileResult() { Code = -1, Msg = "只允许上传指定格式文件" + string.Join(",", ExtentsfileName), Url = "" }; } } //上传成功 return new FileResult() { Code = 0, Name = name, Msg = "上传成功", Url = FileUrlResult }; } //上传失败 else { return new FileResult() { Code = -1, Msg = "不能上传空文件", Url = "" }; } } } //结果类 public class FileResult { public int Code { get; set; } //结果 public string Msg { get; set; } //提示信息 public string Url { get; set; } //地址 public string Name { get; set; } //文件名 }
//控制器端 public class FileOperationController : ApiController {
//实例化帮助类 APIFileHelp help = new APIFileHelp(); [HttpGet] public void DownLoad(string Url) { string filePath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(Url); FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(filePath); help.DownLoad(fi.Name, fi.FullName); } //文件上传 [HttpPost] public FileResult UpLoad() { return help.UpLoad(); } }
//文件上传、下载: MVC端
//文件下载 //API地址+参数+自己定义的文件名+文件Url <a href = "https://localhost:44370/api/FileOperation/DownLoad?Url=/FileUpload/132211303318715030.xls" > 下载 </ a >
<input type = "file" id="f1" />
<input type = "button" value="aa" onclick="ff()"/> <script> function ff() { var formData = new FormData(); var file = document.getElementById("f1").files[0]; formData.append("fileInfo", file); $.ajax({ url: "https://localhost:44370/api/FileOperation/UpLoad", type: "POST", data: formData, contentType: false,//必须false才会自动加上正确的Content-Type processData: false,//必须false才会避开jQuery对 formdata 的默认处理,XMLHttpRequest会对 formdata 进行正确的处理 success: function(data) { if (data.Code == 0) alert(data.Msg) else alert(data.Url) }, error: function(data) { alert("上传失败!"); } }); } </script>