long 与int 比较问题
long 与int 比较,在32位机器,sizeof都是 占用4个字节;
在window 64位也是占用4个字节
但是在Linux 64位,long占用 8个字节, int占用4个字节,这样比较就会有问题。 当int 强转 位long时,发生 int高位1(符号位1)转为long的高位1(补全) 出现大的值。
譬如: int 0x80650008 (-2140864504) 高位1,是一个负值,
强转位long 0xFFFFFFFF80650008 (-2140864504) , 这样就出现问题了。
下面这段代码TTSAPIERROR 实际上是32位,那么只需要比较32位即可,可以将long 强转为int
#include "stdio.h" #ifndef SCODE #define SCODE long #endif #ifndef MAKE_SCODE #define MAKE_SCODE(sev,fac,code) \ ((SCODE) (((unsigned long)(sev)<<31) | ((unsigned long)(fac)<<16) | ((unsigned long)(code))) ) #endif #define FACILITY_TTSAPI (0x65) #define SEVERITY_ERROR 1 #define TTSAPIERROR(x) MAKE_SCODE(SEVERITY_ERROR, FACILITY_TTSAPI, (x & 0x0000FFFF)) int main() { //error code int ret = TTSAPIERROR(0x08); long ret2 = (long)ret; if(ret2 == TTSAPIERROR(0x08)) { printf("find error, 0x08 \n"); } //show printf("%d %ld ,%ld \n", ret, ret2, TTSAPIERROR(0x08)); printf("--ul:%d l:%d \n",sizeof(unsigned long), sizeof(long)); return 0; }
运行:
[root@localhost:/data/lkchu]# gcc -m64 test.c [root@localhost:/data/lkchu]# ./a.out -2140864504 -2140864504 ,2154102792 --ul:8 l:8 [root@localhost:/data/lkchu]# gcc -m32 test.c [root@localhost:/data/lkchu]# ./a.out find error, 0x08 -2140864504 -2140864504 ,-2140864504 --ul:4 l:4
将代码修改为
int main() { //error code int ret = TTSAPIERROR(0x08); long ret2 = (long)ret; if(ret == (int)TTSAPIERROR(0x08)) { printf("find error, 0x08 \n"); } //show printf("%d %ld ,%ld \n", ret, ret2, TTSAPIERROR(0x08)); printf("--ul:%d l:%d \n",sizeof(unsigned long), sizeof(long)); return 0; }