设计模式学习笔记——原型模式（Prototype）

1.特点：在初始化信息不发生变化时考虑。

2.概念：通过复制一个已经存在的实例来创建一个新的实例。被复制的实例被称为原型，这个原型是可定制的。

3.类图：

4.程序实现：

/// <summary>
    /// 实现了ICloneable接口的简历类
    /// </summary>
    public class Resume:ICloneable
    {
        public Resume()
        {
            mWorkExperience = new WorkExperience();
        }
 
        private string mName;
        private string mSex;
        private int mAge;
        private WorkExperience mWorkExperience;
 
        public string Name
        {
            get { return mName; }
            set { mName = value; }
        }
 
        public string Sex
        {
            get { return mSex; }
            set { mSex = value; }
        }
 
        public int Age
        {
            get { return mAge; }
            set { mAge = value; }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 关联了一个引用类型
        /// </summary>
        public WorkExperience WorkExperience 
        { 
            get { return mWorkExperience; } 
        }
 
        public void SetWorkExperience(DateTime startDate, DateTime endDate, string company, string position)
        {
            this.mWorkExperience.Company = company;
            this.mWorkExperience.EndDate = endDate;
            this.mWorkExperience.StartDate = startDate;
            this.mWorkExperience.Position = position;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 实现ICloneable接口的Clone方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public object Clone()
        {
            // .Net 为我们提供的浅复制对象的方法
            return this.MemberwiseClone();
        }
    }
 
    /// <summary>
    /// 工作经历类
    /// </summary>
    public class WorkExperience
    {
        public DateTime StartDate { get; set; }
        public DateTime EndDate { get; set; }
        public string Company { get; set; }
        public string Position { get; set; }
    }
[TestMethod]
        public void TestShallowCopy()
        {
            Resume myFirstResume = new Resume
            {
                Age = 29,
                Name = "Kevin Wang",
                Sex = "男",
            };
            myFirstResume.SetWorkExperience(new DateTime(2006, 7, 1), new DateTime(2007, 7, 1), "My First Company", "Software Engineer");
 
            Resume mySecondResume = (Resume)myFirstResume.Clone();
            mySecondResume.SetWorkExperience(new DateTime(2007, 8, 1), new DateTime(2008, 8, 1), "My Second Company", "Software Engineer");
 
            Resume myThirdResume = (Resume)myFirstResume.Clone();
            myThirdResume.SetWorkExperience(new DateTime(2008, 8, 1), new DateTime(2009, 8, 1), "My Third Company", "Senior Software Engineer");
 
            Assert.AreEqual("My First Company", myFirstResume.WorkExperience.Company);
            Assert.AreEqual("My Second Company", mySecondResume.WorkExperience.Company);
            Assert.AreEqual("My Third Company", myThirdResume.WorkExperience.Company);       
        }