自动补全多标签输入, 适合新闻标签/商品标签
2015年5月12日 20:16:48 星期二
效果:
原理:
1. 建立"单字"索引(倒排索引): 将汉字拆分成单个字, 作为redis hash 的一个键, 将所有包含该字的id作为hash的值
2. 每次输入一个字, 就去redis里将该字的所有id取出来, 输入第二个字的时候, 取出第二个字的所有id与第一个字的id求交集
求得同时包含这两个字的所有id, 再进一步获取id对应的信息并返回
另外:
1. 文中还建立了两个全词索引(redis hash), 一个是 {"完整汉字词语" : "id", .....} 另一个是 {"id" : "完整汉字词语" ,.......} 方便后续程序使用, 与这个自动补全关系不大
2. 小细节, 每次点选词语的时候, js自动补上"," 而且ajax请求数据的时候, 只把最后一个","后边的用户输入词语发送给服务端
话不多说, 上代码:
js+css
1 <script type="text/javascript"> 2 var ac_domain = 'http://'+document.domain+'/'; 3 initAutoComplete(); 4 function initAutoComplete() 5 { 6 var ac_input = document.getElementById('auto_complete_input'); 7 if (!ac_input) {return false;} 8 var ac_rebuildindex = document.getElementById('rebuild_autocomplete_index'); 9 10 if (document.attachEvent) { 11 ac_input.attachEvent('oninput', input_autocomplete); //输入时进行自动补全 12 // ac_input.attachEvent('onblur', hide_autocomplete); //鼠标点击其它地方隐藏div, 屏蔽 因为onblur 和 onclick 冲突 13 ac_input.attachEvent('onfocus', input_autocomplete); //输入框重新获取焦点时显示自动补全结果 14 ac_input.attachEvent('onkeydown', input_autocomplete_keydown); //处理按键信息 15 ac_rebuildindex.attachEvent('onclick', rebuild_autocomplete_index); 16 } else { 17 ac_input.addEventListener('input', input_autocomplete); //输入时进行自动补全 18 // ac_input.addEventListener('blur', hide_autocomplete); //鼠标点击其它地方隐藏div, 屏蔽 因为onblur 和 onclick 冲突 19 ac_input.addEventListener('focus', input_autocomplete); //输入框重新获取焦点时显示自动补全结果 20 ac_input.addEventListener('keydown', input_autocomplete_keydown); //处理按键信息 21 ac_rebuildindex.addEventListener('click', rebuild_autocomplete_index); 22 } 23 24 $(document).bind("click",function(e){ 25 var target = $(e.target);//表示当前对象，切记，如果没有e这个参数，即表示整个BODY对象 26 if(target.closest(".form-input-autocomplete,#auto_complete_input").length == 0){ 27 hide_autocomplete(); 28 } 29 }) 30 } 31 32 function input_autocomplete() 33 { 34 var ac_input = document.getElementById('auto_complete_input'); 35 var userinput = ac_input.value; 36 if (!userinput) {return false;} 37 var arr_new_word = userinput.split(/,\s*/); 38 var new_word = arr_new_word.pop(); 39 40 var url = ac_domain+'getAutoComplete?word='+new_word; 41 $.get(url, 42 function(data) { 43 if (!data) {return false;}; 44 var objGame = eval('('+data+')'); 45 html = '<ul>'; 46 for (var i in objGame) { 47 html += '<li class="auto_complete_li" data-id="'+i+'" data-name="'+objGame[i]+'">'+objGame[i]+'</li>'; 48 } 49 html += '</ul>'; 50 var ac_div = $("#auto_complete_div"); 51 ac_div.show(); 52 ac_div.html(html); 53 click_autocomplete_li(); //注册点击事件 54 } 55 ); 56 } 57 58 function hide_autocomplete() 59 { 60 var ac_div = document.getElementById('auto_complete_div'); 61 ac_div.style.display = 'none'; 62 } 63 64 function click_autocomplete_li() 65 { 66 var arr_ac_li = getElementsByClassName('auto_complete_li', 'ul'); 67 for (var i = 0; i < arr_ac_li.length; i++) { 68 arr_ac_li[i].addEventListener('click', function () { 69 //获取列表li上的数据, 并组装 70 var data_id = this.getAttribute('data-id'); 71 var data_name = this.getAttribute('data-name'); 72 var data_info = data_id+'|'+data_name; 73 74 ///////向输入框写数据 75 var already_input = document.getElementById('auto_complete_input'); 76 77 //去掉用户的输入, 换做用户点击的li里的name 78 var arr_already_input = already_input.value.split(/,\s*/); 79 arr_already_input.pop(); 80 arr_already_input.push(data_name); 81 82 //去重 83 var hash_already_input = {}; 84 for (var i in arr_already_input) { 85 hash_already_input[arr_already_input[i]] = arr_already_input[i]; 86 } 87 arr_already_input = []; 88 for (key in hash_already_input) { 89 arr_already_input.push(key); 90 } 91 92 //回写入表单 93 var str_already_input = arr_already_input.join(", "); 94 document.getElementById('auto_complete_input').value = str_already_input+", "; 95 96 //如果只有一条匹配, 点击后就消失, 多条的话点击后不消失, 可以多次点选 97 if (arr_ac_li.length == 1) { 98 hide_autocomplete(); 99 }; 100 }) 101 }; 102 } 103 104 function rebuild_autocomplete_index() 105 { 106 var nodeParent = this.parentNode; 107 var url = ac_domain+'buildTeamAutoComplete'; 108 $.get(url, 109 function(data) { 110 nodeParent.innerHTML = '已经重建索引,再点击输入框试试'; 111 } 112 ); 113 } 114 115 function input_autocomplete_keydown(e) 116 { 117 switch(e.keyCode){ 118 case '8': 119 //按下删除键 120 input_autocomplete(); 121 break; 122 }; 123 } 124 125 function getElementsByClassName(className, tagName) 126 { 127 var t = typeof(document.getElementsByClassName); 128 129 if (t == 'function') { 130 return document.getElementsByClassName(className); 131 } 132 133 var tags, matchedTags; 134 if (tagName) { 135 tags = document.getElementsByTagName(tagName); 136 } else { 137 tags = document.getElementsByTagName('*'); 138 } 139 140 matchedTags = []; 141 for (var i = 0; i < tags.length; i++) { 142 if (tags[i].className.indexOf(className) != -1) { 143 matchedTags.push(tags[i]); 144 } 145 } 146 147 return matchedTags; 148 } 149 </script> 150 151 <style type="text/css"> 152 /*自动补全*/ 153 .form-input-autocomplete {padding: 0px; width: 200px; border: 1px solid #aaa; display: none; z-index: 99; position: absolute; background-color: #fff; filter: alpha(opacity=100); opacity: 1;} 154 .form-input-autocomplete ul {margin: 0px;padding: 0px; text-align: left; list-style: none; font:15px;} 155 .form-input-autocomplete ul li{margin: 3px;} 156 .form-input-autocomplete ul li:hover{background-color: #eee; cursor:hand;} 157 </style>
html (只用在原有的表单上加一个id, 并在下方添加一个隐藏的div, id/class如下)
1 <input type="text" id="auto_complete_input" autocomplete="off" placeholder="新闻标签" value=""> <a href="javascript:;" id="rebuild_autocomplete_index">没找到? 点这里试试</a> 2 <div class="form-input-autocomplete" id="auto_complete_div"></div>
php (php+redis:hash)
1 //创建索引 2 public function dobuildTeamAutoComplete() 3 { 4 $oneWordIndex = 'autocomplete_zi'; //单字索引 5 $allWordIndexByName = 'autocomplete_ci_name'; //全词索引, 键为全名(火箭:team_1_2) 6 $allWordIndexById = 'autocomplete_ci_id'; //全词索引, 键名为id(team_1_2:火箭) 7 8 $type = 'team_'; 9 10 //删除之前所有的旧值 11 $this->redis->del($oneWordIndex); 12 13 //重新构建 14 $team = $this->redis->hgetall('LeagueTeamsNames'); 15 16 $oneWordInfo = array(); 17 $allWordInfoName = array(); 18 foreach ($team as $lid => $jsonTeam) { 19 if ($lid != 8 && $lid != 12) { 20 $arrTeam = json_decode($jsonTeam, true); 21 foreach ($arrTeam as $name => $tid) { 22 $value = $type.$tid.'_'.$lid; 23 $allWordInfo[$name] = $value; 24 $length = mb_strlen($name, 'UTF-8'); 25 for ($i=0; $i < $length; $i++) { 26 $strOne = mb_substr($name, $i, 1, 'UTF-8'); 27 $oneWordInfo[$strOne][$value] = $value; //懒得去重了 28 } 29 } 30 } 31 } 32 $oneWordInfoRedis = array(); 33 foreach ($oneWordInfo as $word => $ids) { 34 $a = array_values($ids); 35 $oneWordInfoRedis[$word] = json_encode($a); 36 } 37 38 //索引写入redis 39 $this->redis->hmset($oneWordIndex, $oneWordInfoRedis); 40 $this->redis->hmset($allWordIndexByName, $allWordInfo); 41 $this->redis->hmset($allWordIndexById, array_flip($allWordInfo)); 42 43 exit('over'); 44 } 45 46 //自动补全请求处理函数 47 public function dogetAutoComplete() 48 { 49 $oneWordIndex = 'autocomplete_zi'; //单字索引 50 $allWordIndexById = 'autocomplete_ci_id'; //全词索引, 键名为id(team_1_2:火箭) 51 52 $word = common::request('word', 'G'); 53 54 if (empty($word)) { 55 exit('0'); 56 } 57 $intWordLength = mb_strlen($word, 'UTF-8'); 58 59 $arrId = array(); 60 if (1 == $intWordLength) { 61 $jsonId = $this->redisSlave->hget($oneWordIndex, $word); 62 $arrId = json_decode($jsonId, true); 63 } else { 64 for ($i=0; $i < $intWordLength; $i++) { 65 $strOne = mb_substr($word, $i, 1, 'UTF-8'); 66 $jsonIdTmp = $this->redisSlave->hget($oneWordIndex, $strOne); 67 $arrIdTmp = json_decode($jsonIdTmp, true); 68 69 $arrIdTmp = $arrIdTmp ? $arrIdTmp : array(); 70 $arrId = empty($arrId) ? $arrIdTmp : $arrId; 71 $b = array_intersect($arrId, $arrIdTmp); 72 $arrId = empty($b) ? $arrId : $b; // 新输入的词如果跟之前的没有交集, 就维持原来的交集不变 73 } 74 } 75 $arrId = empty($arrId) ? array() : $arrId; 76 77 //获取球队信息 78 $arrInfo = array(); 79 foreach ($arrId as $v) { 80 $arrInfo[$v] = $this->redisSlave->hget($allWordIndexById, $v); 81 } 82 83 $jsonInfo = json_encode($arrInfo); 84 exit($jsonInfo); 85 }
