gcc 理解
section:
Size 是指大小
LMA 加载地址，指程序存放的地址
VMA 运行地址，指程序运行的地址
Sections: Idx Name Size VMA LMA File off Algn 0 .isr_vector 00000188 08000000 08000000 00010000 2**0 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA 1 .text 000497d8 080001c0 080001c0 000101c0 2**6 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE 2 .rodata 00005e2c 08049998 08049998 00059998 2**3 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA 3 .ARM 00000008 0804f7c4 0804f7c4 0005f7c4 2**2 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, DATA 4 .init_array 00000008 0804f7cc 0804f7cc 0005f7cc 2**2 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA 5 .fini_array 00000004 0804f7d4 0804f7d4 0005f7d4 2**2 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA 6 .ccmram 000030d8 10000000 0804f7d8 00060000 2**2 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA 7 .data 00000d60 20000000 080528b0 00070000 2**3 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA 8 .userretain 000001b4 2001e000 08053610 0007e000 2**2 CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA 9 .bss 00016800 20000d60 20000d60 00080d60 2**2 ALLOC 10 ._user_heap_stack 00000800 20017560 20017560 00080d60 2**0 ALLOC 11 .ARM.attributes 0000002e 00000000 00000000 0007e1b4 2**0 CONTENTS, READONLY 12 .debug_info 0005a278 00000000 00000000 0007e1e2 2**0 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING, OCTETS 13 .debug_abbrev 0000c714 00000000 00000000 000d845a 2**0 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING, OCTETS 14 .debug_loc 000223b5 00000000 00000000 000e4b6e 2**0 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING, OCTETS 15 .debug_aranges 00003fd8 00000000 00000000 00106f28 2**3 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING, OCTETS 16 .debug_ranges 00003bb8 00000000 00000000 0010af00 2**3 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING, OCTETS 17 .debug_line 0003f74b 00000000 00000000 0010eab8 2**0 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING, OCTETS 18 .debug_str 000152cb 00000000 00000000 0014e203 2**0 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING, OCTETS 19 .comment 00000049 00000000 00000000 001634ce 2**0 CONTENTS, READONLY 20 .debug_frame 00011bd8 00000000 00000000 00163518 2**2 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING, OCTETS 21 .stab 000000cc 00000000 00000000 001750f0 2**2 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING 22 .stabstr 000001b9 00000000 00000000 001751bc 2**0 CONTENTS, READONLY, DEBUGGING
/* ****************************************************************************** ** ** File : LinkerScript.ld ** ** Author : STM32CubeMX ** ** Abstract : Linker script for STM32F407VGTx series ** 1024Kbytes FLASH and 192Kbytes RAM ** ** Set heap size, stack size and stack location according ** to application requirements. ** ** Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used. ** ** Target : STMicroelectronics STM32 ** ** Distribution: The file is distributed “as is,” without any warranty ** of any kind. ** ***************************************************************************** ** @attention ** ** <h2><center>© COPYRIGHT(c) 2019 STMicroelectronics</center></h2> ** ** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, ** are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: ** 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, ** this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. ** 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, ** this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation ** and/or other materials provided with the distribution. ** 3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors ** may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software ** without specific prior written permission. ** ** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" ** AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE ** IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE ** DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE ** FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL ** DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR ** SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER ** CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, ** OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE ** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. ** ***************************************************************************** */ /* Entry Point */ ENTRY(Reset_Handler) /* Highest address of the user mode stack */ _estack = ORIGIN(RAM) + LENGTH(RAM); /* end of RAM */ /* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */ _Min_Heap_Size = 0x400; /* required amount of heap */ _Min_Stack_Size = 0x400; /* required amount of stack */ /* Specify the memory areas */ MEMORY { RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 120k CCMRAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x10000000, LENGTH = 64K FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x800C000, LENGTH = 976K RAM2 (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x2001E000, LENGTH = 8K } /* Define output sections */ SECTIONS { /* The startup code goes first into FLASH */ .isr_vector : { . = ALIGN(4); KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */ . = ALIGN(4); } >FLASH /* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */ .text : { . = ALIGN(4); *(.text) /* .text sections (code) */ *(.text*) /* .text* sections (code) */ *(.glue_7) /* glue arm to thumb code */ *(.glue_7t) /* glue thumb to arm code */ *(.eh_frame) KEEP (*(.init)) KEEP (*(.fini)) . = ALIGN(4); _etext = .; /* define a global symbols at end of code */ } >FLASH /* Constant data goes into FLASH */ .rodata : { . = ALIGN(4); *(.rodata) /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */ *(.rodata*) /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */ . = ALIGN(4); } >FLASH .ARM.extab : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) } >FLASH .ARM : { __exidx_start = .; *(.ARM.exidx*) __exidx_end = .; } >FLASH .preinit_array : { PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .); KEEP (*(.preinit_array*)) PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .); } >FLASH .init_array : { PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .); KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*))) KEEP (*(.init_array*)) PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .); } >FLASH .fini_array : { PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .); KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*))) KEEP (*(.fini_array*)) PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .); } >FLASH _siccmram = LOADADDR(.ccmram); /* CCM-RAM section * * IMPORTANT NOTE! * If initialized variables will be placed in this section, * the startup code needs to be modified to copy the init-values. */ .ccmram : { . = ALIGN(4); _sccmram = .; /* create a global symbol at ccmram start */ *(.ccmram) *(.ccmram*) *test.o(.data* .bss) /*CCMRAM 放到.data前面，文件名都要为小写*/ *alarm.o(.data* .bss*) *datatab.o(.data* .bss*) *pou.o(.data* .bss*) *control.o(.data* .bss*) . = ALIGN(4); _eccmram = .; /* create a global symbol at ccmram end */ } >CCMRAM AT> FLASH /* used by the startup to initialize data */ _sidata = LOADADDR(.data); /* Initialized data sections goes into RAM, load LMA copy after code */ .data : { . = ALIGN(4); _sdata = .; /* create a global symbol at data start */ *(.data) /* .data sections */ *(.data*) /* .data* sections */ . = ALIGN(4); _edata = .; /* define a global symbol at data end */ } >RAM AT> FLASH _userretaindata = LOADADDR(.userretain); .userretain : { . = ALIGN(4); _suserretain = .; *(.userretain) *(.userretain*) . = ALIGN(4); _euserretain = .; } >RAM2 AT> FLASH /* Uninitialized data section */ . = ALIGN(4); .bss : { /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss secion */ _sbss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss start */ __bss_start__ = _sbss; *(.bss) *(.bss*) *(COMMON) . = ALIGN(4); _ebss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss end */ __bss_end__ = _ebss; } >RAM /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough RAM left */ ._user_heap_stack : { . = ALIGN(8); PROVIDE ( end = . ); PROVIDE ( _end = . ); . = . + _Min_Heap_Size; . = . + _Min_Stack_Size; . = ALIGN(8); } >RAM /* Remove information from the standard libraries */ /DISCARD/ : { libc.a ( * ) libm.a ( * ) libgcc.a ( * ) } .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) } }
