Spring学习之xml配置Bean总结

本篇文章已重新总结到新博客，欢迎访问：https://ladybug.top/Spring/review-spring---spring-ioc.html

学习Spring时，我用的是Maven来管理jar包，先看看maven的pom.xml：

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>spring</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring_TencentKe_Tonggang-5</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.4</version>
  <name>spring_TencentKe_Tonggang-5 Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/c3p0/c3p0 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
    <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
    <version>1.8.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>spring_TencentKe_Tonggang-5</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

 

先看看写的三个bean:

Car.java:

package spring.beans;

public class Car {
    private String cname;//车名字
    private int price;//价格
    private double max;//最大速度
    
    
    public Car() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public Car(String cname, double max) {
        super();
        this.cname = cname;
        this.max = max;
    }
    public Car(String cname, int price) {
        super();
        this.cname = cname;
        this.price = price;
    }
    public void setCname(String cname) {
        this.cname = cname;
    }
    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Car [cname=" + cname + ", price=" + price + ", max=" + max + "]";
    }
    
    
}

Person.java:

package spring.beans;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class Person {
    private String Pname;//姓名
    private int age;//年龄
    private Car car;//一辆车
    private List<Car> cars;//很多车
    private Map<String, String> des;//描述
    
    public Person() {
        
    }
    
    public void setDes(Map<String, String> des) {
        this.des = des;
    }

    public void setCars(List<Car> cars) {
        this.cars = cars;
    }
    public void setPname(String pname) {
        Pname = pname;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public void setCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [Pname=" + Pname + ", age=" + age + ", car=" + car + ", cars=" + cars + ", des=" + des + "]";
    }
    
    
}

Person1.java:

package spring.beans;

import java.util.List;

public class Person1 {
    private String pname;
    private int age;
    private List<Car> cars;
    public void setPname(String pname) {
        this.pname = pname;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public void setCars(List<Car> cars) {
        this.cars = cars;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person1 [pname=" + pname + ", age=" + age + ", list=" + cars + "]";
    }
    
}

 

xml配置中，看下面xml文件配置：

applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.3.xsd">
    <bean id="person" class="spring.beans.Person"><!--将这个bean加入到spring的ioc容器-->
        <property name="pname" value="张三"></property><!--给bean的pname属性赋值-->
        <property name="age" value="20"></property>
        <property name="cars" ><!--给bean中的list<Car>类型属性赋值-->
            <list>
                <ref bean="car1"/><!--配置第一个car-->
                <ref bean="car2"/><!--配置第二个car-->
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="des"><!--给bean中map<String,String>类型的属性赋值-->
            <map>
                <entry key="a" value="a1"></entry><!--第一个值-->
                <entry key="b" value="b1"></entry><!--第二个值-->
            </map>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
    <util:list id="cars"><!--利用util标签，配置多个car-->
        <ref bean="car1"/>
        <ref bean="car2"/>
    </util:list>
    
    <bean id="person1" class="spring.beans.Person1" p:pname="王五" p:age="23" 
     p:cars-ref="cars"></bean><!--配置bean到IOC容器，并用p标签直接给属性赋值，p:cars-ref就用到了上面的util标签中的id值-->
    
        
    <bean id="car1" class="spring.beans.Car"><!--配置第一个car-->
        <property name="cname" value="奥迪"></property>
        <property name="price" value="300000"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="car2" class="spring.beans.Car"><!--配置第二个car-->
        <property name="cname" value="长安"></property>
        <property name="price" value="100000"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

测试：

package spring.beans.test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import spring.beans.Person;
import spring.beans.Person1;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext cxt= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        Person p=(Person) cxt.getBean("person");
        System.out.println(p);
        
        Person1 p1=(Person1) cxt.getBean("person1");
        System.out.println(p1);
    }

}

输出：

Person [Pname=张三, age=20, car=null, cars=[Car [cname=奥迪, price=300000, max=0.0], Car [cname=长安, price=100000, max=0.0]], des={a=a1, b=b1}]
Person1 [pname=王五, age=23, list=[Car [cname=奥迪, price=300000, max=0.0], Car [cname=长安, price=100000, max=0.0]]]