fabric部署
安装fabric
pip install fabric
ln -s /usr/local/python2.7/bin/fab /usr/bin/fab #创建软连接（创建fab为环境变量，如果python安装目录没有自定义，就无需此次操作）
测试
本地：rs1
远程 :
rs2,ip:192.168.11.190；
rs3,ip:192.168.11.20；
rs4,ip:192.168.11.6
一、基本用法（fab -l 查看可用的命令）
1.vim fabfile.py
def hello(): print("Hello fab!") [root@rs1 tmp]# fab hello Hello fab! Done.
2.文件名不为fabfile.py时需进行指定
mv fabfile.py test.py [root@rs1 tmp]# fab hello Fatal error: Couldn't find any fabfiles! Remember that -f can be used to specify fabfile path, and use -h for help. Aborting. [root@rs1 tmp]# fab -f test.py hello Hello fab! Done. [root@rs1 tmp]# fab hello -f test.py Hello fab! Done.
3.参数传递
def hello(name): print 'Hello %s!'%name
[root@rs1 tmp]# fab hello:name=hy Hello hy! Done. [root@rs1 tmp]# fab hello:hy Hello hy! Done.
二、本地操作 local
vim fabfile.py
from fabric.api import local def test(): local('uname -a')
fab test
[localhost] local: uname -a Linux rs1 2.6.32-504.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 03:02:07 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux Done.
三、远程操作 run
1.要执行的命令在脚本里
vim fabfile.py
from fabric.api import run def test(): run('uname -a')
fab test -H root@192.168.11.190
[root@192.168.11.190] Executing task 'test' [root@192.168.11.190] run: uname -a [root@192.168.11.190] Login password for 'root': [root@192.168.11.190] out: Linux rs2 2.6.32-504.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 03:02:07 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@192.168.11.190] out: Done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.190... done.
2.自己传要执行哪些命令
from fabric.api import run def test(command): run(command)
fab test:'uname -a' -H root@192.168.11.190
[root@192.168.11.190] Executing task 'remote_run' [root@192.168.11.190] run: uname -a [root@192.168.11.190] Login password for 'root': [root@192.168.11.190] out: Linux rs2 2.6.32-504.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 03:02:07 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@192.168.11.190] out: Done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.190... done.
3.执行时省略-H。host放在脚本里
from fabric.api import (run, env, roles, hosts) @hosts('root@192.168.11.190') def test(command): run(command)
fab test:'uname -a'
[root@192.168.11.190] Executing task 'test' [root@192.168.11.190] run: uname -a [root@192.168.11.190] Login password for 'root': [root@192.168.11.190] out: Linux rs2 2.6.32-504.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 03:02:07 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@192.168.11.190] out: Done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.190... done.
4.host、密码放在脚本里，执行时不用指定
from fabric.api import (run, env, roles, hosts) env.hosts=['root@192.168.11.190'] env.password='toor' def test(command): run(command)
fab test:'uname -a'
[root@192.168.11.190] Executing task 'test' [root@192.168.11.190] run: uname -a [root@192.168.11.190] out: Linux rs2 2.6.32-504.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 03:02:07 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@192.168.11.190] out: Done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.190... done.
5.多台服务器
同种操作
fab test:'uname -a
from fabric.api import * env.hosts=['root@192.168.11.190','root@192.168.11.20'] env.passwords={'root@192.168.11.190:22':'toor','root@192.168.11.20:22':"121"} def test(command): run(command)
[root@rs1 tmp]# fab test:'uname -a' [root@192.168.11.190] Executing task 'test' [root@192.168.11.190] run: uname -a [root@192.168.11.190] out: Linux rs2 2.6.32-504.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 03:02:07 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@192.168.11.190] out: [root@192.168.11.20] Executing task 'test' [root@192.168.11.20] run: uname -a [root@192.168.11.20] out: Linux rs3 2.6.32-504.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 03:02:07 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@192.168.11.20] out: Done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.20... done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.190... done.
多种操作
[root@rs1 tmp]# fab -l
Available commands:
test
test1
#coding:utf-8 from fabric.api import * env.roledefs = { 'servergroup1':['root@192.168.11.190:22','root@192.168.11.6:22'], 'servergroup2':['root@192.168.11.20:22'] } env.passwords={ 'root@192.168.11.190:22':'toor', 'root@192.168.11.6:22':'1314', 'root@192.168.11.20:22':'121', } @roles('servergroup1') def test(command): run(command) print 'servergroup1执行完毕,请指示' @roles('servergroup2') def test1(command): run(command) print 'servergroup2执行完毕，请指示'
fab test:'uname -a'
[root@192.168.11.190:22] Executing task 'test' [root@192.168.11.190:22] run: uname -a [root@192.168.11.190:22] out: Linux rs2 2.6.32-504.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 03:02:07 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@192.168.11.190:22] out: servergroup1执行完毕,请指示 [root@192.168.11.6:22] Executing task 'test' [root@192.168.11.6:22] run: uname -a [root@192.168.11.6:22] out: Linux rs3 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 04:27:16 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@192.168.11.6:22] out: servergroup1执行完毕,请指示 Done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.190... done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.6... done.
fab test1:'uname -a'
[root@192.168.11.20:22] Executing task 'test1' [root@192.168.11.20:22] run: uname -a [root@192.168.11.20:22] out: Linux rs3 2.6.32-504.el6.i686 #1 SMP Wed Oct 15 03:02:07 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@192.168.11.20:22] out: servergroup2执行完毕，请指示 Done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.20... done.
6.有一个需求，把本地文件压缩并打包，再上传到多台服务器，解压缩
touch rs1.txt
from fabric.api import * env.roledefs = { 'servergroup1':['root@192.168.11.190:22','root@192.168.11.6:22'], 'servergroup2':['root@192.168.11.20:22'] } env.passwords={ 'root@192.168.11.190:22':'toor', 'root@192.168.11.6:22':'1314', 'root@192.168.11.20:22':'121', } @roles('servergroup1') def tar_and_put(project_file): """对本地项目打包压缩、上传，在远程解压""" tar_file = project_file + '.tar.gz' local('tar -zcvf %s %s' % (tar_file,project_file)) put(tar_file,'/tmp') with cd('/tmp'): run('tar zxvf %s' % tar_file) print 'servergroup1执行完毕，请指示'
[root@rs1 tmp]# fab -l
Available commands:
tar_and_put 对本地项目打包压缩、上传，在远程解压
fab tar_and_put:'rs1.txt'
[root@192.168.11.190:22] Executing task 'tar_and_put' [localhost] local: tar -zcvf rs1.txt.tar.gz rs1.txt rs1.txt [root@192.168.11.190:22] put: rs1.txt.tar.gz -> /tmp/rs1.txt.tar.gz [root@192.168.11.190:22] run: tar zxvf rs1.txt.tar.gz [root@192.168.11.190:22] out: rs1.txt [root@192.168.11.190:22] out: servergroup1执行完毕，请指示 [root@192.168.11.6:22] Executing task 'tar_and_put' [localhost] local: tar -zcvf rs1.txt.tar.gz rs1.txt rs1.txt [root@192.168.11.6:22] put: rs1.txt.tar.gz -> /tmp/rs1.txt.tar.gz [root@192.168.11.6:22] run: tar zxvf rs1.txt.tar.gz [root@192.168.11.6:22] out: rs1.txt [root@192.168.11.6:22] out: servergroup1执行完毕，请指示 Done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.190... done. Disconnecting from 192.168.11.6... done.
[root@rs2 tmp]# ls 1.py rs1.txt rs1.txt.tar.gz
[root@rs4 tmp]# ls mongodb-27017.sock passwd rs1.txt rs1.txt.tar.gz yum.log
谢谢
