IA32周期计数器
IA32处理器包含一个运行在时针周期级的计时器,这个计时器是一个特殊的寄存器,每个时钟周期它都会加1。IA32并提供特殊的指令读取该计时器,利用该计时器,可以很容易的计算出CPU的时钟周期(频率)。
程序如下:
#include <windows.h>
//#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
static unsigned cyc_hi = 0;
static unsigned cyc_lo = 0;
/*寄存器使用惯例:
**eax,ecx,edx由调用者保存,ebx,esi,edi由被调用者保存
*/
//vc下的嵌入汇编
void access_counter(unsigned *hi, unsigned *lo)
{
_asm{
rdtsc
mov ecx,hi
mov dword ptr[ecx],edx
mov ecx,lo
mov dword ptr[ecx],eax
}
}
//gcc的嵌入汇编
// void access_counter(unsigned *hi, unsigned *lo)
// {
// asm("rdtsc; movl %%edx,%0; movl %%eax,%1" /* Read cycle counter */
// : "=r" (*hi), "=r" (*lo) /* and move results to */
// : /* No input */ /* the two outputs */
// : "%edx", "%eax");
// }
/* Record the current value of the cycle counter. */
void start_counter()
{
access_counter(&cyc_hi, &cyc_lo);
}
/* Return the number of cycles since the last call to start_counter. */
double get_counter()
{
unsigned ncyc_hi, ncyc_lo;
unsigned hi, lo, borrow;
double result;
/* Get cycle counter */
access_counter(&ncyc_hi, &ncyc_lo);
/* Do double precision subtraction */
lo = ncyc_lo - cyc_lo;
borrow = cyc_lo > ncyc_lo;
hi = ncyc_hi - cyc_hi - borrow;
result = (double) hi * (1 << 30) * 4 + lo;
return result;
}
/* $begin mhz */
/* Estimate the clock rate by measuring the cycles that elapse */
/* while sleeping for sleeptime seconds */
double mhz(int verbose, int sleeptime)
{
double rate;
start_counter();
//c库的sleep函数以秒为单位
//sleep(sleeptime);
//win32 API的Sleep以毫秒为单位
Sleep(sleeptime);
//linux
//rate = get_counter() / (1e6*sleeptime);
//windows
rate = get_counter() / (1e3*sleeptime);
if (verbose)
printf("Processor clock rate ~= %.1f MHz\n", rate);
return rate;
}
int main()
{
int i;
for (i=0;i<10;i++)
{
//线程睡眠1秒
//mhz(1,1); //linux下
//windows下
mhz(1,1000);
}
return 0;
}
//#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
static unsigned cyc_hi = 0;
static unsigned cyc_lo = 0;
/*寄存器使用惯例:
**eax,ecx,edx由调用者保存,ebx,esi,edi由被调用者保存
*/
//vc下的嵌入汇编
void access_counter(unsigned *hi, unsigned *lo)
{
_asm{
rdtsc
mov ecx,hi
mov dword ptr[ecx],edx
mov ecx,lo
mov dword ptr[ecx],eax
}
}
//gcc的嵌入汇编
// void access_counter(unsigned *hi, unsigned *lo)
// {
// asm("rdtsc; movl %%edx,%0; movl %%eax,%1" /* Read cycle counter */
// : "=r" (*hi), "=r" (*lo) /* and move results to */
// : /* No input */ /* the two outputs */
// : "%edx", "%eax");
// }
/* Record the current value of the cycle counter. */
void start_counter()
{
access_counter(&cyc_hi, &cyc_lo);
}
/* Return the number of cycles since the last call to start_counter. */
double get_counter()
{
unsigned ncyc_hi, ncyc_lo;
unsigned hi, lo, borrow;
double result;
/* Get cycle counter */
access_counter(&ncyc_hi, &ncyc_lo);
/* Do double precision subtraction */
lo = ncyc_lo - cyc_lo;
borrow = cyc_lo > ncyc_lo;
hi = ncyc_hi - cyc_hi - borrow;
result = (double) hi * (1 << 30) * 4 + lo;
return result;
}
/* $begin mhz */
/* Estimate the clock rate by measuring the cycles that elapse */
/* while sleeping for sleeptime seconds */
double mhz(int verbose, int sleeptime)
{
double rate;
start_counter();
//c库的sleep函数以秒为单位
//sleep(sleeptime);
//win32 API的Sleep以毫秒为单位
Sleep(sleeptime);
//linux
//rate = get_counter() / (1e6*sleeptime);
//windows
rate = get_counter() / (1e3*sleeptime);
if (verbose)
printf("Processor clock rate ~= %.1f MHz\n", rate);
return rate;
}
int main()
{
int i;
for (i=0;i<10;i++)
{
//线程睡眠1秒
//mhz(1,1); //linux下
//windows下
mhz(1,1000);
}
return 0;
}
windows下输出:
Linux下输出:
本机的处理器为:Pentium(R) 4 CPU 1.60GHz