1 import base64
2 import requests
3 import json
4 import os.path
5 from io import BytesIO
6
7 # Python3 base64官方API：https://docs.python.org/3/library/base64.html
8
9 '''
10 操作字符串
11 '''
12 test_str = 'hello world!'
13 # 编码
14 encode_str = base64.encodebytes(test_str.encode('utf8')) # b'aGVsbG8gd29ybGQh\n'
15 print(encode_str.decode()) # 默认以utf8解码，结果 aGVsbG8gd29ybGQh
16 # 解码
17 decode_str = base64.decodebytes(encode_str) # b'hello world!'
18 print(decode_str.decode()) # 默认以utf8解码，结果 hello world!
19
20 '''
21 操作本地图片
22 '''
23 # 编码
24 with open("D:\\redis.png", 'rb') as f:
25 encode_img = base64.b64encode(f.read())
26 file_ext = os.path.splitext("D:\\redis.png")[1]
27 print('data:image/{};base64,{}'.format(file_ext[1:], encode_img.decode()))
28 f.close()
29 # 解码
30 with open("D:\\redis2.png", 'wb') as f:
31 f.write(base64.b64decode(encode_img))
32 f.close()
33
34 '''
35 操作网络图片
36 '''
37 # 编码
38 response = requests.get("https://login.sina.com.cn/cgi/pin.php?r=24365533&s=0&p=gz-7c16232cd167e7a4a5ed764688cda14f06bf")
39 encode_wimg = base64.b64encode(BytesIO(response.content).read())
40 print('data:image/png;base64,%s'% encode_wimg.decode())
41 # 解码
42 with open("D:\\web.png", 'wb') as f:
43 f.write(base64.b64decode(encode_wimg))
44 f.close()
45
46 '''
47 操作字典
48 '''
49 test_dict = {'hello': 'world', 'year': 2019}
50 # 编码
51 encode_dict = base64.encodebytes(json.dumps(test_dict, ensure_ascii=False).encode())
52 print(encode_dict.decode()) # 结果 eyJoZWxsbyI6ICJ3b3JsZCIsICJ5ZWFyIjogMjAxOX0=
53 # 解码
54 decode_dict = base64.decodebytes(encode_dict)
55 print(decode_dict.decode()) # 结果 {"hello": "world", "year": 2019}
56
57 '''
58 操作URL
59 '''
60 test_url = 'https://docs.python.org/3/library/base64.htm?a=~'
61 # 编码
62 encode_url = base64.encodebytes(test_url.encode()) # 普通编码
63 print(encode_url.decode()) # 结果 eyJoZWxsbyI6ICJ3b3JsZCIsICJ5ZWFyIjogMjAxOX0=
64
65 safe_encode_url = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(test_url.encode()) # URL安全编码
66 print(safe_encode_url.decode()) # 结果 aHR0cHM6Ly9kb2NzLnB5dGhvbi5vcmcvMy9saWJyYXJ5L2Jhc2U2NC5odG0_YT1-
67
68 safe_encode_url = base64.b64encode(test_url.encode(),b'-_') # 编码时使用'-' 替换'+' 使用 '_'替换'/' ，效果与前例相同
69 print(safe_encode_url.decode()) # 结果 aHR0cHM6Ly9kb2NzLnB5dGhvbi5vcmcvMy9saWJyYXJ5L2Jhc2U2NC5odG0_YT1-
