Linux——磁盘以及逻辑卷的使用


磁盘以及逻辑卷的介绍

一:磁盘的介绍

1:磁盘的分区:

磁盘分区的类型:
主分区
扩展分区
逻辑分区
其中主分区加扩展分区最多有4个,扩展分区不能存数据,扩展分区只能有一个对一个磁盘来说;但是有一个
缺陷:只能存数据,不能安装系统,即便是安装了,也不能启动。

特殊:把一个磁盘可以直接做成一个扩展分区,在扩展分区上,创建逻辑分区,

2:格式化:

分区完成之后,格式化(创建文件系统)
Linux上的文件系统(单机文件系统)
ext3,ext4,xfs(centos7上有)

3:挂载(凡是块设备,想要使用必须挂载),挂载到一个目录上,这个目录叫做挂载点;

实例:
首先添加一块硬盘
在这里插入图片描述
查看是否存在这块硬盘:

[root@node03 ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   20G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0    8G  0 disk 
sr0              11:0    1    4G  0 rom  
[root@node03 ~]# 

开始分区:

磁盘存放在/dev/下

[root@node03 ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   20G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0    8G  0 disk 
sr0              11:0    1    4G  0 rom  
[root@node03 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x9e93954e.

Command (m for help): 
Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)


其中常用的指令:
n:add添加一个分区
d:delete删除
w:保存退出
q:退出不保存
t:修改分区的id
p:显示分区的结果


Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)    代表主分区
   e   extended													代表扩展分区

创建500M的分区:+500M


创建文件系统:

mkfs -t 文件系统  磁盘分区名称
或者

mkfs.文件系统  磁盘分区名称
[root@node03 ~]# mkfs.
mkfs.btrfs   mkfs.cramfs  mkfs.ext2    mkfs.ext3    mkfs.ext4    mkfs.minix   mkfs.xfs 

实例2:
主分区1 ,为500M,挂载到 /bj
主分区2,为500M,挂载到/sh
逻辑分区5:为500M,挂载到/tj
逻辑分区6:为500M,挂载到/wh
创建ext4的文件系统;

1.创建分区
[root@node03 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb 
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x52e91368.

Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): 


创建主分区1
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-16777215, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-16777215, default 16777215): +500M
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 500 MiB is set

创建主分区2
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 
First sector (1026048-16777215, default 1026048): 
Using default value 1026048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (1026048-16777215, default 16777215): +500M
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 500 MiB is set

创建扩展分区,把剩余的空间都给,扩展分区
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): e
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 
First sector (2050048-16777215, default 2050048): 
Using default value 2050048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2050048-16777215, default 16777215): 
Using default value 16777215
Partition 3 of type Extended and of size 7 GiB is set


创建逻辑分区:5
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (2 primary, 1 extended, 1 free)
   l   logical (numbered from 5)
Select (default p): l
Adding logical partition 5
First sector (2052096-16777215, default 2052096): 
Using default value 2052096
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2052096-16777215, default 16777215): +500M 
Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 500 MiB is set

创建逻辑分区6
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (2 primary, 1 extended, 1 free)
   l   logical (numbered from 5)
Select (default p): l
Adding logical partition 6
First sector (3078144-16777215, default 3078144): 
Using default value 3078144
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (3078144-16777215, default 16777215): +500M
Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 500 MiB is set
	
t  (type)代表t:修改分区的id :8e
最后输入:w代表保存退出;

partprobe /dev/vdb 代表:内核能识别到分区的变化

查看创建出来的分区:

[root@node03 ~]# lsblk|grep sdb
sdb               8:16   0    8G  0 disk 
├─sdb1            8:17   0  500M  0 part 
├─sdb2            8:18   0  500M  0 part 
├─sdb3            8:19   0    1K  0 part 
├─sdb5            8:21   0  500M  0 part 
└─sdb6            8:22   0  500M  0 part 

分区创建出来,想要这个分区能正常使用,确保内核能识别到;

[root@node03 ~]# cat /proc/partitions 
major minor  #blocks  name

   8       16    8388608 sdb
   8       17     512000 sdb1
   8       18     512000 sdb2
   8       19          1 sdb3
   8       21     512000 sdb5
   8       22     512000 sdb6
   8        0   20971520 sda
   8        1     512000 sda1
   8        2   20458496 sda2
  11        0    4228096 sr0
 253        0   18317312 dm-0
 253        1    2097152 dm-1

为了避免不生效

partprobe /dev/sdb    磁盘名称

创建文件系统:

mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 
mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb2
mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb5
mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb6

创建挂载点

mkdir /{bj,sh,tj,wh}

挂载:(实现开机自动挂载)

[root@node03 ~]# cat /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sat Nov 28 23:28:09 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=77d39fde-4252-4586-a797-0cf0566a3e5c /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0


/dev/sdb1       /bj    ext4     defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb2       /tj    ext4     defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb5       /wh    ext4     defaults 0 0 
/dev/sdb6       /sh    ext4     defaults 0 0

让系统重新读取以下/etc/fstab mount -a


[root@node03 ~]# mount -a

查看:

[root@node03 ~]# df -Th
Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        18G  930M   17G   6% /
devtmpfs                devtmpfs  479M     0  479M   0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs     489M  6.7M  483M   2% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               xfs       497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                   tmpfs      98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1               ext4      477M  2.3M  445M   1% /bj
/dev/sdb2               ext4      477M  2.3M  445M   1% /tj
/dev/sdb5               ext4      477M  2.3M  445M   1% /wh
/dev/sdb6               ext4      477M  2.3M  445M   1% /sh

取消挂载:

[root@node03 ~]# umount /dev/sdb6
[root@node03 ~]# df -Th
Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        18G  930M   17G   6% /
devtmpfs                devtmpfs  479M     0  479M   0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs     489M  6.7M  483M   2% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               xfs       497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                   tmpfs      98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1               ext4      477M  2.3M  445M   1% /bj
/dev/sdb2               ext4      477M  2.3M  445M   1% /tj
/dev/sdb5               ext4      477M  2.3M  445M   1% /wh

查看某一个设备的id(查看uuid的目的是,在挂载时可以用uuid)


[root@node03 ~]# blkid /dev/sdb6
/dev/sdb6: UUID="a0e776f0-e638-4efd-b2dd-2d95f7cc2c72" TYPE="ext4" 

二:逻辑卷的介绍

优势:在常规使用磁盘时它有一个缺陷,比如我服务器上有500G的磁盘,我要对其经行分区,格式化挂载,在磁盘中存放数据,当我的数据量大于磁盘的容量时,怎么办?
可以把这个磁盘扩容成一个较大容量,使用lvm方式管理磁盘;
lvm管理磁盘的过程:
它利用物理磁盘或分区虚拟出一个逻辑磁盘出来,将来存储数据在这个虚拟的磁盘上;

1:首先把物理磁盘转换成lvm管理的最基本的单位,pv(物理卷),物理卷的名字和磁盘的名字相同
2:拿一个或多个pv组成一个虚拟的磁盘池,这个磁盘池叫做VG(卷组),卷组叫什么名自己起;
3:在卷组的基础上创建逻辑卷(LV)

假设现在创建了一个lv,规划的时候没有规划好,随着数据越来越多,磁盘空间不够大,可以扩展;而在扩展的时候原有的数据不会发生改变;
组成lv的底层设备必须是裸设备,裸设备代表:没有文件系统。

工作流程:
磁盘/分区——》PV——》VG——》LV——》格式化——》挂载使用
创建PV:

pvcreate 磁盘/分区

查看PV:

pvscan

创建VG

vgcreate  卷组名称 物理卷名称

查看VG

vgscan 或vgdispaly 【卷组名称】

LV的创建:


lvcreate -L 容量 -n 逻辑卷名称 卷组名称

查看LV

lvscan 
当用lvscan查看时,有块设备文件来标识它结构如下:
/dev/卷组名称/逻辑卷名称

实例1:

创建逻辑卷     /dev/data/webdata,大小为2G,为其创建ext4文件系统,并将其挂载到/web/htdocs目录

分析:

其中:data为卷组名,webdata为逻辑卷名

1:首先创建pv

pvcreate 硬盘名称

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   20G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0   10G  0 disk 
sr0              11:0    1    4G  0 rom  
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb 
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created
  
查看pv
[root@localhost ~]# pvscan
  PV /dev/sda2   VG centos   lvm2 [19.51 GiB / 40.00 MiB free]
  PV /dev/sdb                lvm2 [10.00 GiB]
  Total: 2 [29.51 GiB] / in use: 1 [19.51 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [10.00 GiB]

2:创建vg

vgcreate 卷组名称 物理卷名称


[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate data /dev/sdb 
  Volume group "data" successfully created


查看:
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay data
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               data
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  1
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                0
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               10.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              2559
  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
  Free  PE / Size       2559 / 10.00 GiB
  VG UUID               BHCNFG-9j0i-gFSx-qVAi-DIPj-Nbfv-U0LAMH

3:创建lv

lvcreate -L 大小 -n 逻辑卷名称  卷组名称


[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 2G -n webdata data
  Logical volume "webdata" created.
[root@localhost ~]# lvscan
  ACTIVE            '/dev/data/webdata' [2.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/swap' [2.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/root' [17.47 GiB] inherit

4:格式化(创建文件系统)

mkfs.ext4 逻辑卷所对应的软连接

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/data/webdata 
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
131072 inodes, 524288 blocks
26214 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912
16 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 

5:挂载
创建挂载点目录:

mkdir -pv /web/htdocs

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /web/htdocs
mkdir: created directory ‘/web’
mkdir: created directory ‘/web/htdocs’

自动挂载:

编辑/etc/fstab

[root@localhost ~]# echo "/dev/data/webdata /web/htdocs ext4 defaults 0 0" >>/etc/fstab 
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Dec 24 17:02:01 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=c8c10022-ef8a-4f97-b5d2-a4899084f396 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/data/webdata /web/htdocs ext4 defaults 0 0


mount -a (其目的是让系统重新读取以下/etc/fstab里面的文件)

6:验证是否挂载成功:

[root@localhost ~]# df -Th
Filesystem               Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root  xfs        18G  856M   17G   5% /
devtmpfs                 devtmpfs  479M     0  479M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M  6.7M  483M   2% /run
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                xfs       497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                    tmpfs      98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/data-webdata ext4      2.0G  6.0M  1.8G   1% /web/htdocs
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk 
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   20G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0  500M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0 19.5G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 17.5G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0   10G  0 disk 
└─data-webdata  253:2    0    2G  0 lvm  /web/htdocs
sr0              11:0    1    4G  0 rom 


实例2:扩展逻辑卷

扩展逻辑卷,首先扩展逻辑卷的物理边界,延长的这部分空间默认存不了数据,因为扩大的这部分没有文件系统。

步骤:
1:扩展物理空间边界
2:扩展文件系统
在这里插入图片描述需求:扩展逻辑卷/dev/data/webdata到4G
其中LV是基于VG创建出来的,首先查看VG,确保VG的剩余空间够不够,
1:首先查看卷组的剩余空间够不够;

1:查看是那个卷组
[root@localhost ~]# lvscan
  ACTIVE            '/dev/data/webdata' [2.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/swap' [2.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/root' [17.47 GiB] inherit
2:查看卷组的容量是否够用
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay data
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               data
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  2
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               10.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              2559
  Alloc PE / Size       512 / 2.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       2047 / 8.00 GiB
  VG UUID               BHCNFG-9j0i-gFSx-qVAi-DIPj-Nbfv-U0LAMH  
其中VG总大小:VG Size     10.00 GiB
剩余的大小为:Free  PE / Size   2047 / 8.00 GiB
也就是说确保了卷组的剩余空间是足够的;
如果不够先扩展卷组,然后再扩展逻辑卷

2:扩展逻辑卷的物理空间

用到的命令是:lvextend,现在是2G再加2G,就到4G了;

[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +2G /dev/data/webdata 
  Size of logical volume data/webdata changed from 2.00 GiB (512 extents) to 4.00 GiB (1024 extents).
  Logical volume webdata successfully resized.

查看大小:
[root@localhost ~]# lvscan 
  ACTIVE            '/dev/data/webdata' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/swap' [2.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/root' [17.47 GiB] inherit
这个是它物理边界的大小,已经扩展到了4G

[root@localhost ~]# df -Th
Filesystem               Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root  xfs        18G  856M   17G   5% /
devtmpfs                 devtmpfs  479M     0  479M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M  6.7M  483M   2% /run
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                xfs       497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                    tmpfs      98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/data-webdata ext4      2.0G  6.0M  1.8G   1% /web/htdocs
  
它的文件系统还是2G,因此需要扩展文件系统;

3:扩展文件系统

resize2fs  逻辑卷名称    
注意:
1:resize2fs只适用于ext3/ext4这样的文件系统
2:如果是xfs文件系统,那么用:xfs_growfs

/dev/mapper/data-webdata ext4      2.0G  6.0M  1.8G   1% /web/htdocs
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/data/webdata 
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/data/webdata is mounted on /web/htdocs; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
The filesystem on /dev/data/webdata is now 1048576 blocks long.

查看大小

[root@localhost ~]# df -Th
Filesystem               Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root  xfs        18G  856M   17G   5% /
devtmpfs                 devtmpfs  479M     0  479M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M  6.7M  483M   2% /run
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                xfs       497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
tmpfs                    tmpfs      98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/data-webdata ext4      3.9G  8.0M  3.7G   1% /web/htdocs

实例3:扩展逻辑卷到10G

首先查看lv的大小:
[root@localhost ~]# lvscan 
  ACTIVE            '/dev/data/webdata' [4.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/swap' [2.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/root' [17.47 GiB] inherit
为4G,还需要16G

查看vg

[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay data
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               data
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               10.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              2559
  Alloc PE / Size       1024 / 4.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       1535 / 6.00 GiB
  VG UUID               BHCNFG-9j0i-gFSx-qVAi-DIPj-Nbfv-U0LAMH
现在卷组的剩余空间不够;所以需要扩展卷组

现在卷组的剩余空间不够;所以需要扩展卷组
即再加一块盘,转化成pv物理卷,然后把物理卷卷加到卷组里面来

转换成物理卷

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# pvscan 
  PV /dev/sda2   VG centos   lvm2 [19.51 GiB / 40.00 MiB free]
  PV /dev/sdb    VG data     lvm2 [10.00 GiB / 6.00 GiB free]
  PV /dev/sdc                lvm2 [15.00 GiB]
  Total: 3 [44.50 GiB] / in use: 2 [29.50 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [15.00 GiB]

扩展卷组:

vgextend   卷组名 物理卷名
[root@localhost ~]# vgextend data /dev/sdc 
  Volume group "data" successfully extended

查看vg的大小:
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay data
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               data
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               24.99 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              6398
  Alloc PE / Size       1024 / 4.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       5374 / 20.99 GiB
  VG UUID               BHCNFG-9j0i-gFSx-qVAi-DIPj-Nbfv-U0LAMH


即卷组总大小:  VG Size      24.99 GiB
剩余大小 : Free  PE / Size       5374 / 20.99 GiB

扩展lv

[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +16G -n /dev/data/webdata 
  Size of logical volume data/webdata changed from 4.00 GiB (1024 extents) to 20.00 GiB (5120 extents).
  Logical volume webdata successfully resized.

查看lv的大小:
[root@localhost ~]# lvscan 
  ACTIVE            '/dev/data/webdata' [20.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/swap' [2.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/root' [17.47 GiB] inherit

扩展文件系统:

[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/data/webdata 
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem at /dev/data/webdata is mounted on /web/htdocs; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 3
The filesystem on /dev/data/webdata is now 5242880 blocks long.

查看:

[root@localhost ~]# lvscan 
  ACTIVE            '/dev/data/webdata' [20.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/swap' [2.00 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/centos/root' [17.47 GiB] inherit



[root@localhost ~]# df -Th
Filesystem               Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root  xfs        18G  856M   17G   5% /
devtmpfs                 devtmpfs  479M     0  479M   0% /dev
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M  6.7M  483M   2% /run
tmpfs                    tmpfs     489M     0  489M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                xfs       497M  125M  373M  25% /boot
/dev/mapper/data-webdata ext4       20G   11M   19G   1% /web/htdocs
tmpfs                    tmpfs      98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0

总结:
lvcreate -L 2G -n webdata data
lvextend -L +2G /dev/data/webdata

posted @ 2020-12-24 15:06  知秋一叶9527  阅读(708)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报