Tomcat

Tomcat软件的部署

作用：
	1、实现网站服务器
	2、解析Java语言的web应用程序
	
软件介绍：
	Tomcat		Apache 开源			http://tomcat.apache.org/
		通用二进制
		源码编译
	Resin 
	JBoss
	
	WebSphere
	WebLogical 	商业工具

安装Tomcat

1、安装JDK

[root@tomcat ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u121-linux-x64.rpm

[root@tomcat jdk1.8.0_121]# tail -2 /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_121
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

[root@tomcat jdk1.8.0_121]# source /etc/profile

[root@tomcat jdk1.8.0_121]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_121"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_121-b13)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.121-b13, mixed mode)
[root@tomcat jdk1.8.0_121]#

2、安装tomcat

[root@tomcat ~]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-8.5.12.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@tomcat ~]# ls /usr/local/
apache-tomcat-8.5.12 bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src
[root@tomcat ~]#
[root@tomcat ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.12 /usr/local/tomcat

[root@tomcat ~]# vim /etc/profile

export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat

[root@tomcat ~]# source /etc/profile

tomcat目录介绍

/usr/local/tomcat/bin			工具(二进制程序)
/usr/local/tomcat/conf			配置文件    server.xml 
/usr/local/tomcat/logs
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps		默认的应用程序目录

启动tomcat

[root@tomcat ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_121
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

[root@tomcat ~]# ss -antp | grep java
LISTEN 0 100 :::8009 ::😗 users:(("java",pid=2627,fd=47))
LISTEN 0 100 :::8080 ::😗 users:(("java",pid=2627,fd=46))

http://192.168.122.101:8080/

增加熵池大小，解决Tomcat在CentOS 7巨慢的问题=================================

[root@tomcat ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/rngd.service /etc/systemd/system
[root@tomcat ~]# vim /etc/systemd/system/rngd.service

[Service]
ExecStart=/sbin/rngd -f -r /dev/urandom

[root@tomcat ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@tomcat ~]# systemctl restart rngd
[root@tomcat ~]# cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail
2979

===============================================================================================================

部署ejforum论坛(Java)

1、安装MariaDB数据库，并建立ejforum需要的数据库，及授权用户

[root@tomcat ~]# yum install -y mariadb-server

[root@tomcat ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@tomcat ~]# systemctl enable mariadb

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE ejforum;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT all ON ejforum.* TO "ejforumuser"@"localhost" IDENTIFIED BY "redhat";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2、安装MySQL连接器

[root@localhost tomcat]# tar zxf mysql-connector-java-5.1.6.tar.gz
[root@localhost tomcat]# cd mysql-connector-java-5.1.6
[root@localhost mysql-connector-java-5.1.6]# ls
build.xml CHANGES COPYING docs EXCEPTIONS-CONNECTOR-J mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar README README.txt src
[root@localhost mysql-connector-java-5.1.6]# cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
[root@localhost mysql-connector-java-5.1.6]#

3、解压缩ejforum软件，并拷贝文件到网站目录

[root@localhost tomcat]# rm -rf /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/*
[root@localhost tomcat]# unzip ejforum-2.3.zip
[root@localhost tomcat]# cd ejforum-2.3
[root@localhost ejforum-2.3]# cd ejforum/
[root@localhost ejforum]# cp -r * /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/

4、编辑WEB-INF文件，指定连接MySQL数据库用户名

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/conf/config.xml

[root@tomcat conf]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/conf

[root@tomcat conf]# vim config.xml

    <database maxActive="10" maxIdle="10" minIdle="2" maxWait="10000" 
                      username="ejforumuser" password="redhat" 
                      driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" 
                      url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ejforum?characterEncoding=gbk&amp;autoReconnect=true&amp;autoReconnectForPools=true&amp;zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull"
                      sqlAdapter="sql.MysqlAdapter"/>

5、重启tomcat服务

[root@tomcat ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh

[root@tomcat ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

Tomcat核心配置文件: /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

-----------> Tomcat实例
-----------> 定义网站服务
-----------> 定义对外提供服务的端口
-----------> Tomcat虚拟主机运行的环境
-----------> Tomcat虚拟主机
-----------> 某应用程序的数据文件存放目录

Tomcat虚拟主机

配置虚拟主机：
www.a.org 应用程序目录：/webdata ROOT目录，页面
www.b.org 应用程序目录：/webdata b.org目录，页面

www.a.org

  <Host name="www.a.org"  appBase="/webdata"
        unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
    <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
           prefix="www.a.org." suffix=".txt"
           pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
  </Host>

www.b.org

  <Host name="www.b.org"  appBase="/webdata"
        unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
    <Context path="" docBase="b.org" />
    <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
           prefix="www.b.org." suffix=".txt"
           pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
  </Host>

配置Tomcat使用默认的80端口提供服务

<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"

配置默认虚拟主机

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.a.org">

Tomcat多实例部署

作用：
1、多个实例运行相同的应用，实现负载均衡
2、多个实例运行不同的应用

配置过程：

配置两个Tomcat实例，分别运行/webapps/ROOT下的网站

实例1：
	目录：/usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instace1		8081   8091 
	
实例2：
	目录：/usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instace2		8082   8092

1、安装Tomcat

1）安装JDK

2）安装Tomcat

2、创建多实例目录

[root@localhost tomcat]# mkdir -pv /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance{1,2}/{conf,logs}
[root@localhost tomcat]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/
[root@localhost multi-instance]# ls
instance1 instance2

将Tomcat安装目录下的conf目录所有配置文件拷贝到对应实例目录

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@localhost conf]# cp /usr/local/tomcat/conf/* /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance1/conf/
[root@localhost conf]# cp /usr/local/tomcat/conf/* /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance2/conf/

3、配置每个实例所占用的端口

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance1/conf/server.xml

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance2/conf/server.xml

4、分别在对应实例目录下编写启动脚本

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance1/ins1.sh

!/bin/bash

instace1 script

export JAVA_OPTS='-Xms64m -Xmx128m'
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
export CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance1

case $1 in
start)
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
;;
stop)
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
;;
restart)
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
sleep 3
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
;;
esac

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance2/ins2.sh

!/bin/bash

instace2 script

. /etc/init.d/functions

export JAVA_OPTS='-Xms64m -Xmx128m'
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
export CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance2

case $1 in
start)
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
;;
stop)
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
;;
restart)
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh
sleep 5
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh
;;
esac

5、分别启动两个实例

[root@localhost instance2]# /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance1/ins1.sh start
[root@localhost instance2]# /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance2/ins2.sh start
[root@localhost conf]# netstat -antp | grep java
tcp 0 0 :::8081 ::😗 LISTEN 3151/java
tcp 0 0 :::8082 ::😗 LISTEN 3235/java
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8091 ::😗 LISTEN 3151/java
tcp 0 0 :::8009 ::😗 LISTEN 3151/java

6、创建网站目录，并测试

[root@localhost instance2]# mkdir -pv /webapps/ROOT

通过http://192.168.122.101:8081/，http://192.168.122.101:8082/访问可看到相同的内容，表明成功.

Nginx+Tomcat多实例实现负载均衡

方案1：客户端所有请求全部代理到后端Tomcat服务器

upstream tomcatsrv {
server 192.168.122.101:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
server 192.168.122.101:8082 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
}

location / {
proxy_pass http://tomcatsrv;
proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;
}

方案2：客户端对jsp页面访问请求代理到后端Tomcat服务器

upstream tomcatsrv{
server 192.168.122.101:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
server 192.168.122.101:8082 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2;
}

server {
....
location / {
root html;
index index.html;
}

location ~* \.jsp$ {
	proxy_pass http://tomcatsrv;
	proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;
}

}

为保证后端Tomcat服务器可以记录客户端真实IP，需要修改Tomcat主配置文件中的日志格式：

[root@tomcat ROOT]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/multi-instance/instance1/conf/server.xml

posted @ 2020-05-17 13:26 知秋一叶9527 阅读(185) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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huoxc

Tomcat

!/bin/bash

instace1 script

!/bin/bash

instace2 script

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