java多线程中的基本方法

                 java多线程中的基本方法

线程睡眠sleep()

我们可以通过sleep方法设置让线程睡眠,可以看到sleep是个静态方法。

public static native void sleep(long var0) throws InterruptedException;

    try {

        System.out.println(new Date().getSeconds());

        Thread.sleep(5000);

        System.out.println(new Date().getSeconds());

    } catch (InterruptedException e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

    }

 

setDaemon守护线程

非守护线程停止,那么守护线程自动退出

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Thread thread1 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                super.run();

                for(int i = 0; i < 5; i ++) {

                    System.out.println("非守护线程");

                }

            }

        };

 

        Thread thread2 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                for(int i = 0; i < 200; i ++) {

                    System.out.println("守护线程");

                }

            }

        };

 

        thread2.setDaemon(true);

        thread1.start();

        thread2.start();

    }

 

该程序thread2仅输出五次即停止,事实上它应该输出200次,这是因为当thread执行完毕后,thread作为守护线程就自动停止了。

 

多线程join

如果执行了join方法,那么停止当前线程,先跑执行了join()的线程。相当于插队执行。如下,在执行thread2线程的时候,如果i==20的时候,则让thread1插队先执行。

 

 

public static void main(String[] args) {

        final Thread thread1 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

            super.run();

            for(int i = 0; i < 500; i ++) {

                System.out.println("thread1---" + i);

            }

            }

        };

 

        Thread thread2 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                for(int i = 0; i < 200; i ++) {

                    if (i == 20) {

                        try {

                            //插队执行

                            thread1.join();

                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {

                            e.printStackTrace();

                        }

                    }

                    System.out.println(i);

                }

            }

        };

        thread1.start();

        thread2.start();

}

 

join()方法也可以传参数long 毫秒 join(毫秒)

表示让执行join的线程,插队执行XXX毫秒,过了时间后,两个线程交替执行

 

 

public static void main(String[] args) {

        final Thread thread1 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

            super.run();

            for(int i = 0; i < 500; i ++) {

                System.out.println("thread1---" + i);

            }

            }

        };

 

        Thread thread2 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                for(int i = 0; i < 200; i ++) {

                    if (i == 20) {

                        try {

                            //插队执行1毫秒

                            thread1.join(1);

                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {

                            e.printStackTrace();

                        }

                    }

                    System.out.println(i);

                }

            }

        };

        thread1.start();

        thread2.start();

}

 

Yeild 礼让线程

yeild会让出cpu,让其他线程执行

 

public static void main(String[] args) {

        final Thread thread1 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

            super.run();

            for(int i = 0; i < 500; i ++) {

                System.out.println( getName() + "---" + i);

            }

            }

        };

 

        Thread thread2 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                for(int i = 0; i < 200; i ++) {

                    if (i % 5 == 0) {

                        Thread.yield();

                    }

                    System.out.println(getName() + "---" + i);

                }

            }

        };

        thread1.start();

        thread2.start();

}

setpriority给线程设置优先级

默认优先级为5,最小为1,最大10,越大优先级越高

public static void main(String[] args) {

        final Thread thread1 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

            super.run();

            for(int i = 0; i < 500; i ++) {

                System.out.println( getName() + "---" + i);

            }

            }

        };

 

        Thread thread2 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                for(int i = 0; i < 500; i ++) {

 

                    System.out.println(getName() + "---" + i);

                }

            }

        };

        //设置最大的线程优先级最大为10

        thread1.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY);

        //设置最小的线程优先级,最小为1

        thread2.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);

        thread1.start();

        thread2.start();

    }

synchronized同步代码块

当多线程并发,多段代码同时执行的时候。希望在执行其中代码的时候,cpu不切换线程

同步方法

同步方法指的就是在方法上加锁

 

静态同步方法的所对象是该类的字节码对象

非静态的同步方法锁对象是this

 

public class ThreadSynchroniedMethod {

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        final Say say = new Say();

 

         Thread thread1 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                for (int i = 0 ; i < 10000 ; i ++) {

                    say.say();

                }

            }

        };

 

        Thread thread2 = new Thread() {

            @Override

            public void run() {

                for (int i = 0 ; i < 10000 ; i ++) {

                    say.say1();

                }

            }

        };

        //设置最大的线程优先级最大为10

        thread1.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY);

        //设置最小的线程优先级,最小为1

        thread2.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);

        thread1.start();

        thread2.start();

    }

}

 

class Say {

    //在方法上加锁

    static synchronized void say() {

            System.out.print("s ");

            System.out.print("a ");

            System.out.print("y ");

            System.out.print("h ");

            System.out.print("e ");

            System.out.print("l ");

            System.out.print("l ");

            System.out.println("o");

 

    }

 

     static void say1() {

        synchronized (Say.class) {

            System.out.print("1 ");

            System.out.print("2 ");

            System.out.print("3 ");

            System.out.print("4 ");

            System.out.print("5 ");

            System.out.print("6 ");

            System.out.print("7 ");

            System.out.println("8");

        }

    }

}

 

多个线程使用同一资源锁,容易造成死锁

死锁是指两个或两个以上的进程在执行过程中,由于竞争资源或者由于彼此通信而造成的一种阻塞的现象,若无外力作用,它们都将无法推进下去。此时称系统处于死锁状态或系统产生了死锁,这些永远在互相等待的进程称为死锁进程。

 

线程安全类

 

Vector

StringBuffer

HashTable

 

线程不安全

 

ArrayList

StringBuilder

HashSet

 

java.util.Collections中有synchronizedList等方法,支持我们把线程不安全的集合转成线程安全的,同时在学习中我们知道,多次启动是非法的

posted @ 2019-12-27 00:14  潜水钟与蝴蝶  阅读(152)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报