Mybatis学习(二)-简单自定义mybatis框架

一、分析流程

image

二、代码编写

2.1、创建maven工程

引入相关依赖:不需要引入mybatis

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.46</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.10</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 解析 xml 的 dom4j -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.6.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- dom4j 的依赖包 jaxen -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>jaxen</groupId>
        <artifactId>jaxen</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.6</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
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2.2、引入工具类到项目中

image

1)解析XML配置文件

/**
 *  用于解析配置文件
 */
public class XMLConfigBuilder {
    /**
     * 解析主配置文件,把里面的内容填充到DefaultSqlSession所需要的地方
     * 使用的技术:
     *      dom4j+xpath
     */
    public static Configuration loadConfiguration(InputStream config){
        try{
            //定义封装连接信息的配置对象(mybatis的配置对象)
            Configuration cfg = new Configuration();

            //1.获取SAXReader对象
            SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
            //2.根据字节输入流获取Document对象
            Document document = reader.read(config);
            //3.获取根节点
            Element root = document.getRootElement();
            //4.使用xpath中选择指定节点的方式,获取所有property节点
            List<Element> propertyElements = root.selectNodes("//property");
            //5.遍历节点
            for(Element propertyElement : propertyElements){
                //判断节点是连接数据库的哪部分信息
                //取出name属性的值
                String name = propertyElement.attributeValue("name");
                if("driver".equals(name)){
                    //表示驱动
                    //获取property标签value属性的值
                    String driver = propertyElement.attributeValue("value");
                    cfg.setDriver(driver);
                }
                if("url".equals(name)){
                    //表示连接字符串
                    //获取property标签value属性的值
                    String url = propertyElement.attributeValue("value");
                    cfg.setUrl(url);
                }
                if("username".equals(name)){
                    //表示用户名
                    //获取property标签value属性的值
                    String username = propertyElement.attributeValue("value");
                    cfg.setUsername(username);
                }
                if("password".equals(name)){
                    //表示密码
                    //获取property标签value属性的值
                    String password = propertyElement.attributeValue("value");
                    cfg.setPassword(password);
                }
            }
            //取出mappers中的所有mapper标签,判断他们使用了resource还是class属性
            List<Element> mapperElements = root.selectNodes("//mappers/mapper");
            //遍历集合
            for(Element mapperElement : mapperElements){
                //判断mapperElement使用的是哪个属性
                Attribute attribute = mapperElement.attribute("resource");
                if(attribute != null){
                    System.out.println("使用的是XML");
                    //表示有resource属性,用的是XML
                    //取出属性的值
                    String mapperPath = attribute.getValue();//获取属性的值"com/itheima/dao/IUserDao.xml"
                    //把映射配置文件的内容获取出来,封装成一个map
                    Map<String,Mapper> mappers = loadMapperConfiguration(mapperPath);
                    //给configuration中的mappers赋值
                    cfg.setMappers(mappers);
                }else{
                    System.out.println("使用的是注解");
                    //表示没有resource属性,用的是注解
                    //获取class属性的值
                    String daoClassPath = mapperElement.attributeValue("class");
                    //根据daoClassPath获取封装的必要信息
                    Map<String,Mapper> mappers = loadMapperAnnotation(daoClassPath);
                    //给configuration中的mappers赋值
                    cfg.setMappers(mappers);
                }
            }
            //返回Configuration
            return cfg;
        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally{
            try {
                config.close();
            }catch(Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * 根据传入的参数,解析XML,并且封装到Map中
     * @param mapperPath    映射配置文件的位置
     * @return  map中包含了获取的唯一标识(key是由dao的全限定类名和方法名组成)
     *          以及执行所需的必要信息(value是一个Mapper对象,里面存放的是执行的SQL语句和要封装的实体类全限定类名)
     */
    private static Map<String, Mapper> loadMapperConfiguration(String mapperPath)throws IOException {
        InputStream in = null;
        try{
            //定义返回值对象
            Map<String,Mapper> mappers = new HashMap<String,Mapper>();
            //1.根据路径获取字节输入流
            in = Resources.getResourceAsStream(mapperPath);
            //2.根据字节输入流获取Document对象
            SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
            Document document = reader.read(in);
            //3.获取根节点
            Element root = document.getRootElement();
            //4.获取根节点的namespace属性取值
            String namespace = root.attributeValue("namespace");//是组成map中key的部分
            //5.获取所有的select节点
            List<Element> selectElements = root.selectNodes("//select");
            //6.遍历select节点集合
            for(Element selectElement : selectElements){
                //取出id属性的值      组成map中key的部分
                String id = selectElement.attributeValue("id");
                //取出resultType属性的值  组成map中value的部分
                String resultType = selectElement.attributeValue("resultType");
                //取出文本内容            组成map中value的部分
                String queryString = selectElement.getText();
                //创建Key
                String key = namespace+"."+id;
                //创建Value
                Mapper mapper = new Mapper();
                mapper.setQueryString(queryString);
                mapper.setResultType(resultType);
                //把key和value存入mappers中
                mappers.put(key,mapper);
            }
            return mappers;
        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }finally{
            in.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 根据传入的参数,得到dao中所有被select注解标注的方法。
     * 根据方法名称和类名,以及方法上注解value属性的值,组成Mapper的必要信息
     * @param daoClassPath
     * @return
     */
    private static Map<String,Mapper> loadMapperAnnotation(String daoClassPath)throws Exception{
        //定义返回值对象
        Map<String,Mapper> mappers = new HashMap<String, Mapper>();

        //1.得到dao接口的字节码对象
        Class daoClass = Class.forName(daoClassPath);
        //2.得到dao接口中的方法数组
        Method[] methods = daoClass.getMethods();
        //3.遍历Method数组
        for(Method method : methods){
            //取出每一个方法,判断是否有select注解
            boolean isAnnotated = method.isAnnotationPresent(Select.class);
            if(isAnnotated){
                //创建Mapper对象
                Mapper mapper = new Mapper();
                //取出注解的value属性值
                Select selectAnno = method.getAnnotation(Select.class);
                String queryString = selectAnno.value();
                mapper.setQueryString(queryString);
                //获取当前方法的返回值,还要求必须带有泛型信息
                Type type = method.getGenericReturnType();//List<User>
                //判断type是不是参数化的类型
                if(type instanceof ParameterizedType){
                    //强转
                    ParameterizedType ptype = (ParameterizedType)type;
                    //得到参数化类型中的实际类型参数
                    Type[] types = ptype.getActualTypeArguments();
                    //取出第一个
                    Class domainClass = (Class)types[0];
                    //获取domainClass的类名
                    String resultType = domainClass.getName();
                    //给Mapper赋值
                    mapper.setResultType(resultType);
                }
                //组装key的信息
                //获取方法的名称
                String methodName = method.getName();
                String className = method.getDeclaringClass().getName();
                String key = className+"."+methodName;
                //给map赋值
                mappers.put(key,mapper);
            }
        }
        return mappers;
    }

}
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2)执行SQL语句,并且封装结果集

/**
 * 负责执行SQL语句,并且封装结果集
 */
public class Executor {

    public <E> List<E> selectList(Mapper mapper, Connection conn) {
        PreparedStatement pstm = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            //1.取出mapper中的数据
            String queryString = mapper.getQueryString();//select * from user
            String resultType = mapper.getResultType();//com.itheima.domain.User
            Class domainClass = Class.forName(resultType);
            //2.获取PreparedStatement对象
            pstm = conn.prepareStatement(queryString);
            //3.执行SQL语句,获取结果集
            rs = pstm.executeQuery();
            //4.封装结果集
            List<E> list = new ArrayList<E>();//定义返回值
            while(rs.next()) {
                //实例化要封装的实体类对象
                E obj = (E)domainClass.newInstance();

                //取出结果集的元信息:ResultSetMetaData
                ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
                //取出总列数
                int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
                //遍历总列数
                for (int i = 1; i <= columnCount; i++) {
                    //获取每列的名称,列名的序号是从1开始的
                    String columnName = rsmd.getColumnName(i);
                    //根据得到列名,获取每列的值
                    Object columnValue = rs.getObject(columnName);
                    //给obj赋值:使用Java内省机制(借助PropertyDescriptor实现属性的封装)
                    PropertyDescriptor pd = new PropertyDescriptor(columnName,domainClass);//要求:实体类的属性和数据库表的列名保持一种
                    //获取它的写入方法
                    Method writeMethod = pd.getWriteMethod();
                    //把获取的列的值,给对象赋值
                    writeMethod.invoke(obj,columnValue);
                }
                //把赋好值的对象加入到集合中
                list.add(obj);
            }
            return list;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            release(pstm,rs);
        }
    }


    private void release(PreparedStatement pstm,ResultSet rs){
        if(rs != null){
            try {
                rs.close();
            }catch(Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        if(pstm != null){
            try {
                pstm.close();
            }catch(Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}
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3)获取数据库连接

/**
 * 获取数据库连接
 */
public class DataSourceUtil {
    public static Connection getConnection(Configuration cfg){
        try {
            Class.forName(cfg.getDriver());
            return DriverManager.getConnection(cfg.getUrl(),cfg.getUsername(),cfg.getPassword());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}
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2.3、编写mybatis-config.xml

image

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<configuration>
    <!-- 配置 mybatis 的环境 -->
    <environments default="development">
        <!-- 配置 mysql 的环境 -->
        <environment id="development">
            <!-- 配置事务的类型 -->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <!-- 配置连接数据库的信息:用的是数据源(连接池) -->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--sql映射文件一定要注册到全局配置文件中-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/dianchou/dao/EmployeeMapper.xml"></mapper>
        <!--<mapper class="com.dianchou.dao.EmployeeMapper"></mapper>-->
    </mappers>

</configuration>
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注意:

此处我们直接使用的是 mybatis 的配置文件,但是由于我们没有使用 mybatis 的 jar 包,所以要把配 置文件的约束删掉否则会报错(如果电脑能接入互联网,不删也行)

2.4、编写读取配置文件类 Resources

package com.dianchou.mybatis.io;

import java.io.InputStream;

//使用类加载器读取配置文件的类
public class Resources {
    //根据传入的参数获取一个字节输入流
    public static InputStream getResourceAsStream(String filePath){
        return Resources.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(filePath);
    }
}
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2.5、编写 Mapper 类

package com.dianchou.mybatis.cfg;


public class Mapper {
    private String queryString; //SQL
    private String resultType; //实体类的全限定类名

    public String getQueryString() {
        return queryString;
    }

    public void setQueryString(String queryString) {
        this.queryString = queryString;
    }

    public String getResultType() {
        return resultType;
    }

    public void setResultType(String resultType) {
        this.resultType = resultType;
    }
}

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2.6、编写 Configuration 配置类

package com.dianchou.mybatis.cfg;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;


//自定义mybatis的配置类
public class Configuration {
    private String driver;
    private String url;
    private String username;
    private String password;

    private Map<String,Mapper> mappers = new HashMap<String, Mapper>();

    public Map<String, Mapper> getMappers() {
        return mappers;
    }

    public void setMappers(Map<String, Mapper> mappers) {
        this.mappers.putAll(mappers);//自出需要使用追加的方法
    }

    public String getDriver() {
        return driver;
    }

    public void setDriver(String driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
    }

    public String getUrl() {
        return url;
    }

    public void setUrl(String url) {
        this.url = url;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
}
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2.7、编写实体类

package com.dianchou.bean;

public class Employee {
    private Integer id;
    private String lastName;
    private String email;
    private String gender;

    public Employee() {
    }

    public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, String gender) {
        this.id = id;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
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2.8、基于 XML 的自定义 mybatis 框架

1)编写持久层接口及XML映射文件

package com.dianchou.dao;

import com.dianchou.bean.Employee;
import java.util.List;

public interface EmployeeMapper {

    //获取全部emp对象
    List<Employee> getEmps();
}

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<mapper namespace="com.dianchou.dao.EmployeeMapper">
    <select id="getEmps" resultType="com.dianchou.bean.Employee">
        select id,lastName,email,gender from employee
    </select>
</mapper>

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此处我们使用的也是 mybatis 的配置文件,所以也要把约束删除了

2)编写构建者类SqlSessionFactoryBuilder

package com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession;

import com.dianchou.mybatis.cfg.Configuration;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession.defaults.DefaultSqlSessionFactory;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.utils.XMLConfigBuilder;

import java.io.InputStream;


//创建SqlSessionFactoryBuilder对象
public class SqlSessionFactoryBuilder {
    public SqlSessionFactory build(InputStream config){
        Configuration cfg = XMLConfigBuilder.loadConfiguration(config);
        return new DefaultSqlSessionFactory(cfg);
    }
}
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3)编写 SqlSessionFactory 接口和实现类

package com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession;

public interface SqlSessionFactory {
    //创建一个新的SqlSession对象
    SqlSession openSession();
}
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package com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession.defaults;

import com.dianchou.mybatis.cfg.Configuration;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession.SqlSession;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession.SqlSessionFactory;


public class DefaultSqlSessionFactory implements SqlSessionFactory {
    private Configuration cfg;
    public DefaultSqlSessionFactory(Configuration cfg){
        this.cfg = cfg;
    }

    //创建一个新的操作数据库对象
    public SqlSession openSession() {
        return new DefaultSqlSession(cfg);
    }
}

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4)编写 SqlSession 接口和实现类

package com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession;


public interface SqlSession {
    //根据一个dao的接口字节码创建一个代理对象
    <T> T getMapper(Class<T> daoInterfaceClass);

    //释放资源
    void close();
}
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package com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession.defaults;

import com.dianchou.mybatis.cfg.Configuration;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.proxy.MapperProxy;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession.SqlSession;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.utils.DataSourceUtil;

import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;


public class DefaultSqlSession implements SqlSession {

    private Configuration cfg;
    private Connection connection;
    public DefaultSqlSession(Configuration cfg){
        this.cfg = cfg;
        connection = DataSourceUtil.getConnection(cfg);
    }

    //创建代理对象
    public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> daoInterfaceClass) {
        return (T) Proxy.newProxyInstance(daoInterfaceClass.getClassLoader(),new Class[]{daoInterfaceClass},new MapperProxy(cfg.getMappers(),connection));
    }

    //关闭资源
    public void close() {
        if(connection != null){

            try {
                connection.close();
            } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                throwables.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}
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5)创建MapperProxy

package com.dianchou.mybatis.proxy;

import com.dianchou.mybatis.cfg.Mapper;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.utils.Executor;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.util.Map;


public class MapperProxy implements InvocationHandler {
    //map的key是全限定类名+方法名
    private Map<String, Mapper> mappers;
    private Connection conn;

    public MapperProxy(Map<String, Mapper> mappers,Connection conn) {
        this.mappers = mappers;
        this.conn = conn;
    }

    //用于方法的增强,调用selectList方法
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        //1.获取方法名
        String methodName = method.getName();
        //2.获取方法所在类的名称
        String className = method.getDeclaringClass().getName();
        //3.组合key
        String key = className + "." + methodName;
        //4.获取mappers中的Mapper对象
        Mapper mapper = mappers.get(key);
        //5.判断是否有mapper
        if(mapper == null){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("传入的参数有误");
        }
        //6.调用工具类执行查询所有
        return new Executor().selectList(mapper,conn);
    }
}

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6)测试

package com.dianchou.dao;

import com.dianchou.bean.Employee;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.io.Resources;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession.SqlSession;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession.SqlSessionFactory;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.sqlSession.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;


public class EmployeeTest {

    @Test
    public void test01() throws IOException {
        //1.读取配置文件
        InputStream in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
        //2.创建SqlSessionFactory构建者对象
        SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder= new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
        //3.创建SqlSessionFactory
        SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);
        //4.使用 SqlSessionFactory 生产 SqlSession 对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
        //5.使用 SqlSession 创建 dao 接口的代理对象
        EmployeeMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapper.class);
        //6.使用代理对象执行查询所有方法
        List<Employee> emps = mapper.getEmps();
        for (Employee emp : emps) {
            System.out.println(emp);
        }
        //7.释放资源
        sqlSession.close();
        in.close();
    }


}

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2.9、基于注解方式定义 Mybatis 框架

1)自定义@Select 注解

//查询的注解
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface Select {
    //配置SQL语句
    String value();
}
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2)修改持久层接口

package com.dianchou.dao;

import com.dianchou.bean.Employee;
import com.dianchou.mybatis.annotations.Select;

import java.util.List;

public interface EmployeeMapper {

    //获取全部emp对象
    @Select("select id,lastName,email,gender from employee")
    List<Employee> getEmps();
}
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3)修改mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<configuration>
    <!-- 配置 mybatis 的环境 -->
    <environments default="development">
        <!-- 配置 mysql 的环境 -->
        <environment id="development">
            <!-- 配置事务的类型 -->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <!-- 配置连接数据库的信息:用的是数据源(连接池) -->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--sql映射文件一定要注册到全局配置文件中-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.dianchou.dao.EmployeeMapper"></mapper>
    </mappers>

</configuration>
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2.10、整体代码结构

image

2.11、整体流程总结

自定义mybatis开发流程图

posted @ 2020-07-11 10:48  运维人在路上  阅读(236)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报