thymeleaf
(一)Thymeleaf 是个什么?
<dependency> <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId> <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId> <version>2.1.4</version> </dependency>
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
3)就可以用th标签动态替换掉静态数据了。如下图,后台传出的message会将静态数据“Red Chair”替换掉,若访问静态页面,则显示数据“Red Chair”。
<td th:text="${message}">Red Chair</td>
2.整合spring
1)加入thymeleaf-spring4-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar(http://www.thymeleaf.org/download.html )包,若用maven,则加入如下配置
<dependency> <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId> <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring3</artifactId> <version>2.1.4</version> </dependency>
2)在servlet配置文件中加入如下代码
<!-- Scans the classpath of this application for @Components to deploy as beans --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.test.thymeleaf.controller" /> <!-- Configures the @Controller programming model --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!--Resolves view names to protected .jsp resources within the /WEB-INF/views directory --> <!--springMVC+jsp的跳转页面配置--> <!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">--> <!--<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />--> <!--<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />--> <!--</bean>--> <!--springMVC+thymeleaf的跳转页面配置--> <bean id="templateResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".html" /> <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5" /> </bean> <bean id="templateEngine" class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.SpringTemplateEngine"> <property name="templateResolver" ref="templateResolver" /> </bean> <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.view.ThymeleafViewResolver"> <property name="templateEngine" ref="templateEngine" /> </bean>
3)将静态页面加到项目中,更改文件头,加入th标签即可。
3.th标签整理
1)简单表达式
--变量表达式 ${……}
<input type="text" name="userName" value="James Carrot" th:value="${user.name}" />
上述代码为引用user对象的name属性值。
--选择/星号表达式 *{……}
<div th:object="${session.user}"> <p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p> </div>
选择表达式一般跟在th:object后,直接取object中的属性。
--文字国际化表达式 #{……}
<p th:utext="#{home.welcome}">Welcome to our grocery store!</p>
调用国际化的welcome语句,国际化资源文件如下
resource_en_US.properties:
home.welcome=Welcome to here!
resource_zh_CN.properties:
home.welcome=欢迎您的到来!
-- URL表达式 @{……}
<a href="details.html" th:href="@{/order/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a>
<img src="../../static/assets/images/qr-code.jpg" th:src="@{${path}}" alt="二维码" />
2)常用的th标签
--简单数据转换(数字,日期)
<dt>价格</dt> <dd th:text="${#numbers.formatDecimal(product.price, 1, 2)}">180</dd> <dt>进货日期</dt> <dd th:text="${#dates.format(product.availableFrom, 'yyyy-MM-dd')}">2014-12-01</dd>
--字符串拼接
<dd th:text="${'$'+product.price}">235</dd>
--转义和非转义文本
当后台传出的数据为“This is an <em>HTML</em> text. <b>Enjoy yourself!</b>”时,若页面代码如下则出现两种不同的结果
<div th:text="${html}">
This is an <em>HTML</em> text. <b>Enjoy yourself!</b>
</div>
<div th:utext="${html}">
This is an <em>HTML</em> text. <b>Enjoy yourself!</b>
</div>
--表单中
<form th:action="@{/bb}" th:object="${user}" method="post" th:method="post"> <input type="text" th:field="*{name}"/> <input type="text" th:field="*{msg}"/> <input type="submit"/> </form>
--显示页面的数据迭代
//用 th:remove 移除除了第一个外的静态数据,用第一个tr标签进行循环迭代显示 <tbody th:remove="all-but-first"> //将后台传出的 productList 的集合进行迭代,用product参数接收,通过product访问属性值 <tr th:each="product:${productList}">
//用count进行统计,有顺序的显示 <td th:text="${productStat.count}">1</td> <td th:text="${product.description}">Red Chair</td> <td th:text="${'$' + #numbers.formatDecimal(product.price, 1, 2)}">$123</td> <td th:text="${#dates.format(product.availableFrom, 'yyyy-MM-dd')}">2014-12-01</td> </tr> <tr> <td>White table</td> <td>$200</td> <td>15-Jul-2013</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Reb table</td> <td>$200</td> <td>15-Jul-2013</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Blue table</td> <td>$200</td> <td>15-Jul-2013</td> </tr> </tbody>
--条件判断
<span th:if="${product.price lt 100}" class="offer">Special offer!</span>
不能用"<”,">"等符号,要用"lt"等替代
<!-- 当gender存在时,选择对应的选项;若gender不存在或为null时,取得customer对象的name--> <td th:switch="${customer.gender?.name()}"> <img th:case="'MALE'" src="../../../images/male.png" th:src="@{/images/male.png}" alt="Male" /> <!-- Use "/images/male.png" image --> <img th:case="'FEMALE'" src="../../../images/female.png" th:src="@{/images/female.png}" alt="Female" /> <!-- Use "/images/female.png" image --> <span th:case="*">Unknown</span> </td>
<!--在页面先显示,然后再在显示的数据基础上进行修改-->
<div class="form-group col-lg-6">
<label>姓名<span> </span></label>
<!--除非resume对象的name属性值为null,否则就用name的值作为placeholder值-->
<input type="text" class="form-control" th:unless="${resumes.name} eq '' or ${resumes.name} eq null"
data-required="true" th:placeholder="${resumes.name}" />
<!--除非resume对象的name属性不为空,否则就定义一个field方便封装对象,并用placeholder提示-->
<input type="text" th:field="${resume.name}" class="form-control" th:unless="${resumes.name} ne null"
data-required="true" th:placeholder="请填写您的真实姓名" />
</div>
<!-- 增加class="enhanced"当balance大雨10000 --> <td th:class="${customer.balance gt 10000} ? 'enhanced'" th:text="${customer.balance}">350</td>
--根据后台数据选中select的选项
<div class="form-group col-lg-6"> <label >性别<span> Sex:</span></label> <select th:field="${resume.gender}" class="form-control" th:switch="${resumes.gender.toString()}" data-required="true"> <option value="男" th:case="'男'" th:selected="selected" >男</option> <option value="女" th:case="'女'" th:selected="selected" >女</option> <option value="">请选择</option> </select> </div>
因为gender是定义的Enum(枚举)类型,所以要用toString方法。用th:switch指定传出的变量,用th:case对变量的值进行匹配。!"请选择"放在第一项会出现永远选择的是这个选项。或者用th:if
<div class='form-group col-lg-4'> <select class='form-control' name="skill[4].proficiency"> <option >掌握程度</option> <option th:if="${skill.level eq '一般'}" th:selected="selected">一般</option> <option th:if="${skill.level eq '熟练'}" th:selected="selected">熟练</option> <option th:if="${skill.level eq '精通'}" th:selected="selected">精通</option> </select> </div>
--spring表达式语言
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <title>Thymeleaf tutorial: exercise 10</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../css/main-static.css" th:href="@{/css/main.css}" /> <meta charset="utf-8" /> </head> <body> <h1>Thymeleaf tutorial - Solution for exercise 10: Spring Expression language</h1> <h2>Arithmetic expressions</h2> <p class="label">Four multiplied by minus six multiplied by minus two module seven:</p> <p class="answer" th:text="${4 * -6 * -2 % 7}">123</p> <h2>Object navigation</h2> <p class="label">Description field of paymentMethod field of the third element of customerList bean:</p> <p class="answer" th:text="${customerList[2].paymentMethod.description}">Credit card</p> <h2>Object instantiation</h2> <p class="label">Current time milliseconds:</p> <p class="answer" th:text="${new java.util.Date().getTime()}">22-Jun-2013</p> <h2>T operator</h2> <p class="label">Random number:</p> <p class="answer" th:text="${T(java.lang.Math).random()}">123456</p> </body> </html>
--内联
<label for="body">Message body:</label> <textarea id="body" name="body" th:inline="text"> Dear [[${customerName}]], it is our sincere pleasure to congratulate your in your birthday: Happy birthday [[${customerName}]]!!! See you soon, [[${customerName}]]. Regards, The Thymeleaf team </textarea>
--内联JS <js起止加入如下代码,否则引号嵌套或者"<"">"等不能用>
/*<![CDATA[*/ …… /*]]>*/
--js附加代码:
/*[+ var msg = 'This is a working application'; +]*/
--js移除代码:
/*[- */ var msg = 'This is a non-working template'; /* -]*/
4.不常用
--表达式
2)文字
--表达式基本对象
th:utext
th:with
th:attr
th:[tagAttr]
可以一次设置两个属性,比如:th:alt-title="#{logo}"
对属性增加前缀和后缀,用th:attrappend,th:attrprepend,比如:th:attrappend="class=${' '+cssStyle}"
对于属性是有些特定值的,比如checked属性,thymeleaf都采用bool值,比如th:checked=${user.isActive}
th:each
th:if or th:unless
th:switch,th:case
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf")
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <!--配置WEB-INF下的servlet-context.xml文件--> <servlet> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/servlet-context.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
<!-- Scans the classpath of this application for @Components to deploy as beans --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.test.thymeleaf.controller" />
<!-- Configures the @Controller programming model --> <mvc:annotation-driven />
<!--Resolves view names to protected .jsp resources within the /WEB-INF/views directory --> <!--springMVC+jsp的跳转页面配置--> <!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">--> <!--<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />--> <!--<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />--> <!--</bean>-->
<!--springMVC+thymeleaf的跳转页面配置--> <bean id="templateResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".html" /> <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5" /> </bean> <bean id="templateEngine" class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.SpringTemplateEngine"> <property name="templateResolver" ref="templateResolver" /> </bean> <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.view.ThymeleafViewResolver"> <property name="templateEngine" ref="templateEngine" /> </bean> </beans>
package com.test.thymeleaf.controller; import com.test.thymeleaf.domain.User; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; @Controller public class HomeController { User user = new User();
//入口 @RequestMapping(value = "/home") public String home(Model model) { model.addAttribute("user",user); return "aa"; }
//提交表单后进行数据读取,并将数据传出 @RequestMapping(value = "/bb",method = RequestMethod.POST) public String bb(User user,Model model) { model.addAttribute("user", user); model.addAttribute("message", ",welcome"); return "bb"; } }
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <title>Home</title> </head> <body> <form th:action="@{/bb}" th:object="${user}" th:method="post"> <input type="text" th:field="*{name}"/> <input type="text" th:field="*{msg}"/> <input type="submit"/> </form> </body> </html>
bb.html(用${}读取后台传出的数据动态替换静态数据“vinphy,”和"welcome!")
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <title>Home</title> </head> <body> <div> <sapn th:text="${user.name}">vinphy,</sapn> <sapn th:text="${message}">welcome!</sapn> </div> </body> </html>
7.部署访问
部署后访问http://localhost:8080/home进行访问,出现aa.html的内容