RabbitMQ消息中间件(第三章)第三部分-笔记

消费端限流

  • 假设一个场景,首先,我们Rabbitmq服务器有上万条未处理的消息,我们随便打开一个消费者客户端,会出现下面情况:
  • 巨量的消息瞬间全部推送过来,但是我们单个客户端无法同时处理这么多数据!
  • RabbitMQ提供了一种qos(服务质量保证)功能,即在非自动确认消息的前提下,如果一定数目的消息(通过基于consumer或者channel设置Qos的值)未被确认前,不进行
  • 消费新的消息。
  • void BasicQos(uint prefetchSize, ushort prefetchCount, bool global)
  • prefetchSize 多少M, 0表示不限制
  • prefetchCount 一次最多处理多少条消息,一般配置为1,会告诉RabbitMQ不要同时给一个消费者推送多于N个消息
  • ,即一旦有N个消息还没有ack,则该consumer将block掉,直到有消息ack
  • global true\false 是否将上面设置应用于channel,简单点说,就是上面限制是channel级别还是consumer级别
  • prefetchSize和global这两项,rabbitmq没有实现,暂且不研究prefetch_count在no_ack=false的情况下生效,即在自动应答的情况下这两个值
  • 是不生效的。

  以下是实际代码操作

  

package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.limit;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

/**
 * 消费端限流-生产端
 */
public class Producer {

    public static void main(String[] args)  throws Exception {

        //1 创建一个ConectionFacory
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/test001");
        connectionFactory.setUsername("root");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("123456");

        //2 通过连接工厂创建连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();

        //3 通过connection创建一个Channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //4 指定我们的消息投递模式:消息的确认模式
        channel.confirmSelect();

        String exchangeName = "test_qos_exchange";
        String routingKey = "qos.save";

        //5 发送消息
        //这里使用routingKey消费端可以正常收到消息,如果用routingKeyError,由于消费端声明的路由key是"return.#",所以该消息不可达,则会被addReturnListener监听到
        String msg = "Hello RabbitMQ send QOS message!";

        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey, true, null, msg.getBytes());
        }

    }

}
package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.limit;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 自定义消费者
 */
public class MyConsumer extends DefaultConsumer {

    private Channel channel;

    public MyConsumer(Channel channel) {
        super(channel);
        this.channel = channel;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param consumerTag 消费标签
     * @param envelope 包含一些关键信息
     * @param properties 附带扩展数据
     * @param body 消息
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Override
    public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        System.err.println("----------consume message----------");
        System.err.println("consumerTag:" + consumerTag);
        System.err.println("envelope:" + envelope);
        System.err.println("properties:" + properties);
        System.err.println("consumerTag:" + consumerTag);
        System.err.println("body:" + new String(body));

        //false表示不批量签收
//        channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);

    }
}

 

package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.limit;

import com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.quickstart.QueueingConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

/**
 * 消费端限流-消费端
 */
public class Consumer {

    public static void main(String[] args)  throws Exception {

        //1 创建一个ConectionFacory
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/test001");
        connectionFactory.setUsername("root");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("123456");

        //2 通过连接工厂创建连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();

        //3 通过connection创建一个Channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String exchangeName = "test_qos_exchange";
        String routingKey = "qos.#";
        String queueName = "test_qos_queue";

        //声明交换机和队列然后进行绑定,最后指定路由KEY
        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "topic", true, false, null);
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
        channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);

        //1 限流方式 第一件事情就是autoAck 设置为false
        // 0表示无限大小,3表示一个消费端可以同时处理1条消息,false表示应用于consumer
        channel.basicQos(0, 1, false);

        channel.basicConsume(queueName, false, new MyConsumer(channel));
    }

}

 

先执行Producer,然后在执行Consumer,由于我们配置每次消费端只能处理一条消息,等待消费端ack确认后在处理下一条数据,这时候MyConsumer的ack确认注释掉,就导致消费端消费了一条消息后持续等待

 

 

 

 

消费端ACK与重回队列

消费端的手工ACK与NACK

  • 消费端进行消费的时候,如果由于业务异常我们可以进行日志的记录,然后进行补偿
  • 如果由于服务器宕机等严重问题,那我们就需要手工进行ACK保障消费端消费成功!

消费端的重回队列

  • 消费端重回队列是为了对没有处理成功的消息,把消息重新会递给Broker!
  • 一般我们在实际应用中,都会关闭重回队列,也就是设置为false

  以下是实际代码操作

package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.ack;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * ACK与重回队列-生产端
 */
public class Producer {

    public static void main(String[] args)  throws Exception {

        //1 创建一个ConectionFacory
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/test001");
        connectionFactory.setUsername("root");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("123456");

        //2 通过连接工厂创建连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();

        //3 通过connection创建一个Channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        //4 指定我们的消息投递模式:消息的确认模式
        channel.confirmSelect();

        String exchangeName = "test_ack_exchange";
        String routingKey = "ack.save";

        //5 发送消息
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

            Map<String, Object> headers = new HashMap<>();
            headers.put("num", i);

            AMQP.BasicProperties properties = new AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder()
                    .deliveryMode(2)
                    .contentEncoding("UTF-8")
                    .headers(headers)
                    .build();

            String msg = "Hello RabbitMQ send ACK message " + i; //这里加上i的打印,更好观察哪条数据没被消费成功
            channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey, true, properties, msg.getBytes());
        }

    }

}

 

 

package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.ack;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 自定义消费者
 */
public class MyConsumer extends DefaultConsumer {

    private Channel channel;

    public MyConsumer(Channel channel) {
        super(channel);
        this.channel = channel;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param consumerTag 消费标签
     * @param envelope 包含一些关键信息
     * @param properties 附带扩展数据
     * @param body 消息
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Override
    public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        System.err.println("----------consume message----------");
        System.err.println("body:" + new String(body));

        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000); //休眠2秒中,观察变化
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        if((Integer)properties.getHeaders().get("num") == 0) {
            //long deliveryTag, boolean multiple, boolean requeue (设置为true重回队列,消费失败的队列会重回队列的尾端继续消费)
            channel.basicNack(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false, true);
        } else {
            //false表示不批量签收
            channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
        }
    }
}

 

package com.cx.temp.common.rabbitmq.ack;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

/**
 * ACK与重回队列-消费端
 */
public class Consumer {

    public static void main(String[] args)  throws Exception {

        //1 创建一个ConectionFacory
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/test001");
        connectionFactory.setUsername("root");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("123456");

        //2 通过连接工厂创建连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();

        //3 通过connection创建一个Channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String exchangeName = "test_ack_exchange";
        String routingKey = "ack.#";
        String queueName = "test_ack_queue";

        //声明交换机和队列然后进行绑定,最后指定路由KEY
        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "topic", true, false, null);
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
        channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);

        // 手工签收 必须要关闭autoACK = false
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, false, new MyConsumer(channel));
    }

}

 

 

 

 

posted @ 2021-01-28 16:52  灰辉-灰  阅读(65)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报