MQTT介绍(3)java模拟MQTT的发布,订阅


MQTT目录:

  1.   MQTT简单介绍

  2.       window安装MQTT服务器和client

  3.       java模拟MQTT的发布,订阅

 


 

在此强调一下mqtt的使用场景:

  1、不可靠、网络带宽小的网络

  2、运行的设备CPU、内存非常有限

 


 

在idea中简单模拟测试代码:

  第一步:添加mqtt-client的依赖

  

<!--验证mqtt协议-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.eclipse.paho/mqtt-client -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
            <artifactId>mqtt-client</artifactId>
            <version>0.4.0</version>
        </dependency>

  第二步:具体代码实现:

    分三部分:

      第一:服务端:

    

  1 package com.huhy.web.common.mqtt;
  2 
  3 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
  4 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
  5 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttDeliveryToken;
  6 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
  7 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
  8 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttPersistenceException;
  9 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
 10 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
 11 /**
 12  * @Author:huhy
 13  * @DATE:Created on 2017/12/1 14:29
 14  * @Modified By:
 15  * @Class Description:
 16  */
 17 public class ServerMQTT {
 18 
 19     //tcp://MQTT安装的服务器地址:MQTT定义的端口号
 20     public static final String HOST = "tcp://localhost:61613";
 21     //定义一个主题
 22     public static final String TOPIC = "huhy";
 23     //定义MQTT的ID,可以在MQTT服务配置中指定
 24     private static final String clientid = "server";
 25 
 26     private MqttClient client;
 27     private MqttTopic topic11;
 28     private String userName = "admin";  //非必须
 29     private String passWord = "password";  //非必须
 30 
 31     private MqttMessage message;
 32 
 33     /**
 34      * 构造函数
 35      * @throws MqttException
 36      */
 37     public ServerMQTT() throws MqttException {
 38         // MemoryPersistence设置clientid的保存形式,默认为以内存保存
 39         client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence());
 40         connect();
 41     }
 42 
 43     /**
 44      *  用来连接服务器
 45      */
 46     private void connect() {
 47         MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
 48         options.setCleanSession(false);
 49         options.setUserName(userName);
 50         options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());
 51         // 设置超时时间
 52         options.setConnectionTimeout(10);
 53         // 设置会话心跳时间
 54         options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);
 55         try {
 56             client.setCallback(new PushCallback());
 57             client.connect(options);
 58 
 59             topic11 = client.getTopic(TOPIC);
 60         } catch (Exception e) {
 61             e.printStackTrace();
 62         }
 63     }
 64 
 65     /**
 66      *
 67      * @param topic
 68      * @param message
 69      * @throws MqttPersistenceException
 70      * @throws MqttException
 71      */
 72     public void publish(MqttTopic topic , MqttMessage message) throws MqttPersistenceException,
 73             MqttException {
 74         MqttDeliveryToken token = topic.publish(message);
 75         token.waitForCompletion();
 76         System.out.println("message is published completely! "
 77                                    + token.isComplete());
 78     }
 79 
 80     /**
 81      *  启动入口
 82      * @param args
 83      * @throws MqttException
 84      */
 85     public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException, InterruptedException {
 86         ServerMQTT server = new ServerMQTT();
 87         server.message = new MqttMessage();
 88         server.message.setQos(1);  //保证消息能到达一次
 89         server.message.setRetained(true);
 90         server.message.setPayload("abcde1".getBytes());
 91         server.publish(server.topic11 , server.message);
 92         Thread.sleep(2000);
 93         server.message.setPayload("abcde2".getBytes());
 94         server.publish(server.topic11 , server.message);
 95         Thread.sleep(2000);
 96         server.message.setPayload("abcde3".getBytes());
 97         server.publish(server.topic11 , server.message);
 98         System.out.println(server.message.isRetained() + "------ratained状态");
 99     }
100 }

 

      第二部分:客户端代码:

    

 1 package com.huhy.web.common.mqtt;
 2 
 3 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
 4 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
 5 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
 6 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
 7 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
 8 
 9 import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
10 
11 /**
12  * @Author:huhy
13  * @DATE:Created on 2017/12/1 14:34
14  * @Modified By:
15  * @Class Description:
16  */
17 public class ClientMQTT {
18 
19     public static final String HOST = "tcp://localhost:61613";
20     public static final String TOPIC1 = "huhy";
21     private static final String clientid = "client";
22     private MqttClient client;
23     private MqttConnectOptions options;
24     private String userName = "admin";    //非必须
25     private String passWord = "password";  //非必须
26     @SuppressWarnings("unused")
27     private ScheduledExecutorService scheduler;
28 
29     private void start() {
30         try {
31             // host为主机名,clientid即连接MQTT的客户端ID,一般以唯一标识符表示,MemoryPersistence设置clientid的保存形式,默认为以内存保存
32             client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence());
33             // MQTT的连接设置
34             options = new MqttConnectOptions();
35             // 设置是否清空session,这里如果设置为false表示服务器会保留客户端的连接记录,设置为true表示每次连接到服务器都以新的身份连接
36             options.setCleanSession(false);
37             // 设置连接的用户名
38             options.setUserName(userName);
39             // 设置连接的密码
40             options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());
41             // 设置超时时间 单位为秒
42             options.setConnectionTimeout(10);
43             // 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔1.5*20秒的时间向客户端发送个消息判断客户端是否在线,但这个方法并没有重连的机制
44             options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);
45             // 设置回调
46             client.setCallback(new PushCallback());
47             MqttTopic topic = client.getTopic(TOPIC1);
48             //setWill方法,如果项目中需要知道客户端是否掉线可以调用该方法。设置最终端口的通知消息
49 //遗嘱        options.setWill(topic, "close".getBytes(), 2, true);
50             client.connect(options);
51             //订阅消息
52             int[] Qos  = {1};
53             String[] topic1 = {TOPIC1};
54             client.subscribe(topic1, Qos);
55 
56         } catch (Exception e) {
57             e.printStackTrace();
58         }
59     }
60 
61     public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException {
62         ClientMQTT client = new ClientMQTT();
63         client.start();
64     }
65 }

    第三部分:关于客户端和服务端的回调函数(注意,我这说客户端和服务端是不准确的,准确的来说是叫发布和订阅,为了好理解就这样了

 1 package com.huhy.web.common.mqtt;
 2 
 3 /**
 4  * @Author:huhy
 5  * @DATE:Created on 2017/12/1 14:33
 6  * @Modified By:
 7  * @Class Description:
 8  */
 9 
10 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken;
11 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;
12 import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
13 
14 /**
15  * 发布消息的回调类
16  *
17  * 必须实现MqttCallback的接口并实现对应的相关接口方法CallBack 类将实现 MqttCallBack。
18  * 每个客户机标识都需要一个回调实例。在此示例中,构造函数传递客户机标识以另存为实例数据。
19  * 在回调中,将它用来标识已经启动了该回调的哪个实例。
20  * 必须在回调类中实现三个方法:
21  *
22  *  public void messageArrived(MqttTopic topic, MqttMessage message)接收已经预订的发布。
23  *
24  *  public void connectionLost(Throwable cause)在断开连接时调用。
25  *
26  *  public void deliveryComplete(MqttDeliveryToken token))
27  *  接收到已经发布的 QoS 1 或 QoS 2 消息的传递令牌时调用。
28  *  由 MqttClient.connect 激活此回调。
29  *
30  */
31 public class PushCallback implements MqttCallback {
32     @Override
33     public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
34         // 连接丢失后,一般在这里面进行重连
35         System.out.println("连接断开,可以做重连");
36     }
37     @Override
38     public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
39         System.out.println("deliveryComplete---------" + token.isComplete());
40     }
41     @Override
42     public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
43         // subscribe后得到的消息会执行到这里面
44         System.out.println("接收消息主题 : " + topic);
45         System.out.println("接收消息Qos : " + message.getQos());
46         System.out.println("接收消息内容 : " + new String(message.getPayload()));
47     }
48 }

 

关于运行分别启动就可以了,要先代理服务器启动起来,关于怎么启动看我上节的讲解

  

 

posted @ 2017-12-02 10:36  陽66  阅读(12600)  评论(6编辑  收藏  举报