支付组件：支付宝

1.申请开通沙箱环境

https://openhome.alipay.com/platform/appDaily.htm?tab=info

注册成功之后会获取两个值：

2.生成秘钥

秘钥用于以后对URL中添加的参数进行加密和校验。

2.1 下载秘钥生成器

生成一对秘钥：

  • 应用公钥

  • 应用私钥

 

 

 

2.2 上传应用公钥并获得支付宝公钥

 

 

 

 

3.账户信息和测试APP

  • 买家信息

    买家账号uppiav5017@sandbox.com
    登录密码111111
    支付密码111111
    用户名称沙箱环境
    证件类型身份证(IDENTITY_CARD)
    证件号码939581196106136440
    账户余额
    99999.00充值取现

  • 商家信息

    商家账号ijcwgw5346@sandbox.com
    商户UID2088102180940005
    登录密码111111
    账户余额
    0.00充值取现

  • APP 

  •  

     

 

 

4.两种支持

  • SDK，写好一个Python模块 https://opendocs.alipay.com/open/54/103419

    1. 安装模块
    2. 基于模块实现想要的功能
    pip install alipay-sdk-python==3.3.398
    ​
    # 不推荐

  • API，就是给你提供的一个URL https://opendocs.alipay.com/apis/api_1/alipay.trade.page.pay

    

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  • 

    

    

    from datetime import datetime
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5
from Crypto.Hash import SHA256
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs
from base64 import decodebytes, encodebytes
import json


class AliPay(object):
    """
    支付宝支付接口(PC端支付接口)
    """

    def __init__(self, appid, app_notify_url, app_private_key_path,
                 alipay_public_key_path, return_url):
        self.appid = appid
        self.app_notify_url = app_notify_url
        self.app_private_key_path = app_private_key_path
        self.app_private_key = None
        self.return_url = return_url
        with open(self.app_private_key_path) as fp:
            self.app_private_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read())
        self.alipay_public_key_path = alipay_public_key_path
        with open(self.alipay_public_key_path) as fp:
            self.alipay_public_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read())

    def direct_pay(self, subject, out_trade_no, total_amount, return_url=None, **kwargs):
        biz_content = {
            "subject": subject,
            "out_trade_no": out_trade_no,
            "total_amount": total_amount,
            "product_code": "FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY",
            # "qr_pay_mode":4
        }

        biz_content.update(kwargs)
        data = self.build_body("alipay.trade.page.pay", biz_content, self.return_url)
        return self.sign_data(data)

    def build_body(self, method, biz_content, return_url=None):
        data = {
            "app_id": self.appid,
            "method": method,
            "charset": "utf-8",
            "sign_type": "RSA2",
            "timestamp": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
            "version": "1.0",
            "biz_content": biz_content
        }

        if return_url is not None:
            data["notify_url"] = self.app_notify_url
            data["return_url"] = self.return_url

        return data

    def sign_data(self, data):
        data.pop("sign", None)
        # 排序后的字符串
        unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        unsigned_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
        sign = self.sign(unsigned_string.encode("utf-8"))
        # ordered_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        quoted_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, quote_plus(str(v).encode("utf8"))) for k, v in unsigned_items)

        # 获得最终的订单信息字符串
        signed_string = quoted_string + "&sign=" + quote_plus(sign)
        return signed_string

    def ordered_data(self, data):
        complex_keys = []
        for key, value in data.items():
            if isinstance(value, dict):
                complex_keys.append(key)

        # 将字典类型的数据dump出来
        for key in complex_keys:
            data[key] = json.dumps(data[key], separators=(',', ':'))

        return sorted([(k, v) for k, v in data.items()])

    def sign(self, unsigned_string):
        # 开始计算签名
        key = self.app_private_key
        signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
        signature = signer.sign(SHA256.new(unsigned_string))
        # base64 编码，转换为unicode表示并移除回车
        sign = encodebytes(signature).decode("utf8").replace("\n", "")
        return sign

    def _verify(self, raw_content, signature):
        # 开始计算签名
        key = self.alipay_public_key
        signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
        digest = SHA256.new()
        digest.update(raw_content.encode("utf8"))
        if signer.verify(digest, decodebytes(signature.encode("utf8"))):
            return True
        return False

    def verify(self, data, signature):
        if "sign_type" in data:
            sign_type = data.pop("sign_type")
        # 排序后的字符串
        unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        message = "&".join(u"{}={}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
        return self._verify(message, signature)
    

    
alipay.py
    

     
    

    • 

  • 

    

    

    from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,HttpResponse
from web import models
import datetime,json
from django_redis import get_redis_connection
from utils.alipay import AliPay
from utils.encrypt import uid
from django.conf import settings

def pay(request):
    conn = get_redis_connection()
    key = 'payment_{}'.format(request.tracer.user.phone)
    context_string = conn.get(key)
    if not context_string:
        return redirect('price')
    context = json.loads(context_string.decode('utf-8'))

    # 1. 数据库中生成交易记录（待支付）
    #     等支付成功之后，我们需要把订单的状态更新为已支付、开始&结束时间
    order_id = uid(request.tracer.user.phone)
    total_price = context['total_price']
    models.Transaction.objects.create(
        status=0,
        uid=order_id,
        user=request.tracer.user,
        price_policy_id=context['policy_id'],
        payment_number=context['number'],
        payment=total_price
    )
    # 生成支付链接

    ali_pay = AliPay(
        appid=settings.ALI_APPID,
        app_notify_url=settings.ALI_NOTIFY_URL,
        return_url=settings.ALI_RETURN_URL,
        app_private_key_path=settings.ALI_PRI_KEY_PATH,
        alipay_public_key_path=settings.ALI_PUB_KEY_PATH
    )
    query_params = ali_pay.direct_pay(
        subject="trace rpayment",  # 商品简单描述
        out_trade_no=order_id,  # 商户订单号
        total_amount=total_price
    )
    pay_url = "{}?{}".format(settings.ALI_GATEWAY, query_params)
    return redirect(pay_url)


def pay_notify(request):
    """ 支付成功之后触发的URL """
    print(1111)
    ali_pay = AliPay(
        appid=settings.ALI_APPID,
        app_notify_url=settings.ALI_NOTIFY_URL,
        return_url=settings.ALI_RETURN_URL,
        app_private_key_path=settings.ALI_PRI_KEY_PATH,
        alipay_public_key_path=settings.ALI_PUB_KEY_PATH
    )

    if request.method == 'GET':
        # 只做跳转，判断是否支付成功了，不做订单的状态更新。
        # 支付吧会讲订单号返回：获取订单ID，然后根据订单ID做状态更新 + 认证。
        # 支付宝公钥对支付给我返回的数据request.GET 进行检查，通过则表示这是支付宝返还的接口。
        params = request.GET.dict()
        sign = params.pop('sign', None)
        status = ali_pay.verify(params, sign)
        print(status)
        if status:

            #数据库更改状态
            current_datetime = datetime.datetime.now()
            out_trade_no = params['out_trade_no']
            _object = models.Transaction.objects.filter(uid=out_trade_no).first()

            _object.status = 1
            _object.start_time = current_datetime
            _object.end_time = current_datetime + datetime.timedelta(days=365 * _object.payment_number)
            _object.save()


            return HttpResponse('支付完成')
        return HttpResponse('支付失败')
    else:
        from urllib.parse import parse_qs
        body_str = request.body.decode('utf-8')
        post_data = parse_qs(body_str)
        post_dict = {}
        for k, v in post_data.items():
            post_dict[k] = v[0]

        sign = post_dict.pop('sign', None)
        status = ali_pay.verify(post_dict, sign)
        if status:
            current_datetime = datetime.datetime.now()
            out_trade_no = post_dict['out_trade_no']
            _object = models.Transaction.objects.filter(uid=out_trade_no).first()

            _object.status = 1
            _object.start_time = current_datetime
            _object.end_time = current_datetime + datetime.timedelta(days=365 * _object.payment_number)
            _object.save()
            return HttpResponse('success')

        return HttpResponse('error')
    

    
视图函数
    

    

    

    支付宝签名的过程：对参数进行处理，处理完之后再让他和网关拼接起来。 
网关 = https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do
params = {
    app_id:"2016102400754054",
    method:"alipay.trade.page.pay"
    format:"JSON",
    return_url:"支付成功之后跳转GET到的那个页面地址",
    notify_url:"同时偷偷想这个地址发送一个POST请求",
    charset:"utf-8",
    sign_type:"RSA2",
    sign:"签名",
    timestamp:"2014-07-24 03:07:50",
    version:'1.0',
    biz_content:{
        out_trade_no:"订单号",
        product_code:"FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY",
        total_amount:11.68,
        subject:"订单标题"
    }
}

1. 将参数中 空、文件、字节、sign 踢出。 
   params.pop(sign)

2. 排序，对参数中所有的key进行从小大大排序 sort(params)
   并按照第一个字符的键值ASCII码递增排序（字母升序排序），如果遇到相同字符则按照第二个字符的键值ASCII码递增排序，以此类推。

3. 将排序后的参数与其对应值，组合成“参数=参数值”的格式，并且把这些参数用&字符连接起来，此时生成的字符串为待签名字符串。
   待签名的字符串 = "app_id=2016102400754054&method=alipay.trade.page.pay"

   注意：1.有字典应该转换为字符串; 2.字符串中间不能有空格。
   json.dumps(info,separators=(",",":"))
4.使用各自语言对应的SHA256WithRSA签名函数并利用商户（应用）私钥对待签名字符串进行签名，并进行Base64编码。
   result = 使用 SHA256WithRSA 函数和私钥对签名字符串进行签名
   签名 = 在对result进行Base64编码

   把签名再添加到会params字典中 params[sign] = 签名
    注意：base64编码之后之后，内部不能有换行符 签名.replace("\n","")
    
5.再讲所有的参数拼接起来。
    
    注意：在拼接URL时候不能出现 ;,(等字符， 提前将特殊字符转换URL转义的字符。
        from urllib.parse import quote_plus

https://opendocs.alipay.com/open/291/105974
https://opendocs.alipay.com/open/291/106118
    

    
原理
    

    

    # pip3 install pycrypto
pip3 install pycryptodemo


# 如果是 pycryptodom.xxxx.whl  下载到本地，pip install pycryptodom.xxxx.whl
    

    

     
    

    • 

  • 

     
    

    

    

    # 构造字典
params = {
    'app_id': "2016102400754054",
    'method': 'alipay.trade.page.pay',
    'format': 'JSON',
    'return_url': "http://127.0.0.1:8001/pay/notify/",
    'notify_url': "http://127.0.0.1:8001/pay/notify/",
    'charset': 'utf-8',
    'sign_type': 'RSA2',
    'timestamp': datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
    'version': '1.0',
    'biz_content': json.dumps({
        'out_trade_no': order_id,
        'product_code': 'FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY',
        'total_amount': 1.11,
        'subject': "x1"
    }, separators=(',', ':'))
}

# 获取待签名的字符串
unsigned_string = "&".join(["{0}={1}".format(k, params[k]) for k in sorted(params)])
print(unsigned_string)

# 签名 SHA256WithRSA(对应sign_type为RSA2)
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5
from Crypto.Hash import SHA256
from base64 import decodebytes, encodebytes

# SHA256WithRSA + 应用私钥 对待签名的字符串 进行签名
private_key = RSA.importKey(open("files/skd/应用私钥2048.txt").read())
signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(private_key)
signature = signer.sign(SHA256.new(unsigned_string.encode('utf-8')))

# 对签名之后的执行进行base64 编码，转换为字符串
sign_string = encodebytes(signature).decode("utf8").replace('\n', '')

# 把生成的签名赋值给sign参数，拼接到请求参数中。

from urllib.parse import quote_plus
result = "&".join(["{0}={1}".format(k, quote_plus(params[k])) for k in sorted(params)])
result = result + "&sign=" + quote_plus(sign_string)

gateway = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do"
pay_url = "{}?{}".format(gateway, result)
    

    
示例
    

     
    

     
    

    • 



5.常见报错：秘钥




 


 秘钥格式问题。




 


 


 






	
posted on 
2020-05-08 14:52 
仙人小麦 
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