httpclient+jsoup实现小说线上采集阅读
前言
用过老版本UC看小说的同学都知道，当年版权问题比较松懈，我们可以再UC搜索不同来源的小说，并且阅读，那么它是怎么做的呢？下面让我们自己实现一个小说线上采集阅读。（说明：仅用于技术学习、研究）
看小说时，最烦的就是有各种广告，这些广告有些是站长放上去的盈利手段，有些是被人恶意注入。在我的上一篇博客中实现了小说采集并保存到本地TXT文件 HttpClients+Jsoup抓取笔趣阁小说，并保存到本地TXT文件，这样我们就可以导入手机用手机阅读软件看小说；那么我们这里实现一个可以在线看小说。
话不多说先看效果
首页：
页面很纯净，目前有三种来源
搜索结果页：
三个不同的来源，分页用的是layui的laypage，逻辑分页。（笔趣阁的搜索结果界面没有书本的图片）
翻页效果：
纵横网连简介等都帮我们分词，搞得数据量太大，速度太慢：books.size() < 888
书本详情页：
小说阅读页：
上、下一章：
代码与分析
项目是springboot项目，原理非常简单，就是用httpclient构造一个请求头去请求对应的来源链接，用jsoup去解析响应回来的response，
通过jsoup的选择器去找到我们想要的数据，存入实体，放到ModelAndView里面，前端页面用thymeleaf去取值、遍历数据。
但是有一些书是要会员才能看，这种情况下我们需要做模拟登陆才能继续采集，这里只是一个简单的采集，就不做模拟登陆了。
采集过程中碰到的问题：
1、起点中文网采集书本集合时，想要的数据不在页面源码里面
起点中文网很机智，他在html代码了没有直接展示page分页信息的链接![]()
可以看到，httpClient请求回来的response里分页信息标签里面是空的，但用浏览器去请求里面有信息![]()
这是因为httpClient去模拟我们的浏览器访问某个链接，直接响应回这个链接对应的内容，并不会去帮我们触发其他的ajax，而浏览器回去解析响应回来的html，当碰到img、script、link等标签它会帮我们去ajax请求对应的资源。
由此推测，page相关的信息，起点中文网是在js代码里面去获取并追加，最后通过network找到它的一些蛛丝马迹
既然他没有写在html里，那我们就自己去创建连接，可以看到html上有当前页跟最大页数![]()
完美![]()
2、笔趣阁查看书本详情，图片防盗链
笔趣阁有一个图片防盗，我们在自己的html引入图片路径时![]()
，但当我们把链接用浏览器访问时是可以的![]()
对比一下两边的请求头![]()
![]()
<div id="bookImg"></div>
/** * 反防盗链 */ function showImg(parentObj, url) { //来一个随机数 var frameid = 'frameimg' + Math.random(); //放在（父页面）window里面 iframe的script标签里面绑定了window.onload，作用：设置iframe的高度、宽度 <script>window.onload = function() { parent.document.getElementById(\'' + frameid + '\').height = document.getElementById(\'img\').height+\'px\'; }<' + '/script> window.img = '<img src=\'' + url + '?' + Math.random() + '\'/>'; //iframe调用parent.img $(parentObj).append('<iframe id="' + frameid + '" src="javascript:parent.img;" frameBorder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>'); } showImg($("#bookImg"), book.img);
3、采集书本详情时，起点网的目录并没有在html里
起点网的目录并没有在html里，也不是在另一个链接里![]()
通过浏览器页面Elements的Break on打断点
查看调用栈发现![]()
![]()
，它在js ajax请求数据，进行tab切换，就连总共有多少章，它都是页面加载出来之后ajax请求回来的
看一下他的请求头跟参数![]()
看一下他的请求头跟参数
只要我们弄懂_csrfToken参数就可以构造一个get请求 https://book.qidian.com/ajax/book/category?_csrfToken=LosgUIe29G7LV04gdutbSqzKRb9XxoPyqtWBQ3hU&bookId=1209977
通过浏览器查看可知，第一章对应的链接：![]()
https://read.qidian.com/chapter/2R9G_ziBVg41/MyEcwtk5i8Iex0RJOkJclQ2
![]()
这个就是我们想要的
https://read.qidian.com/chapter/ + cU章节链接
cN章节名称
cN章节名称
_csrfToken是cookie，而且多次刷新都不变，大胆猜测：起点为我们生成cookie并且携带请求ajax，携带与起点给我们的cookie不一致的时候返回失败![]()
，
我们每次调用gather，都是一次新的httpclient对象，每次既然如此，那我们就先获取cookie，在用同一个httpclient去请求数据即可 （详情代码已经贴出来，在BookHandler_qidian.book_details_qidian里面）
最终我们获得了返回值，是一个json
同样的，大部分逻辑都写在注释里面，相信大家都看得懂：
maven引包：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
<version>4.4.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
<artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
<version>1.11.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>
书实体类：
/** * 书对象 */ @Data public class Book { /** * 链接 */ private String bookUrl; /** * 书名 */ private String bookName; /** * 作者 */ private String author; /** * 简介 */ private String synopsis; /** * 图片 */ private String img; /** * 章节目录 chapterName、url */ private List<Map<String,String>> chapters; /** * 状态 */ private String status; /** * 类型 */ private String type; /** * 更新时间 */ private String updateDate; /** * 第一章 */ private String firstChapter; /** * 第一章链接 */ private String firstChapterUrl; /** * 上一章节 */ private String prevChapter; /** * 上一章节链接 */ private String prevChapterUrl; /** * 当前章节名称 */ private String nowChapter; /** * 当前章节内容 */ private String nowChapterValue; /** * 当前章节链接 */ private String nowChapterUrl; /** * 下一章节 */ private String nextChapter; /** * 下一章节链接 */ private String nextChapterUrl; /** * 最新章节 */ private String latestChapter; /** * 最新章节链接 */ private String latestChapterUrl; /** * 大小 */ private String magnitude; /** * 来源 */ private Map<String,String> source; private String sourceKey; }
小工具类：
/** * 小工具类 */ public class BookUtil { /** * 自动注入参数 * 例如： * * @param src http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=#1&pageNo=#2&sort= * @param params "斗破苍穹","1" * @return http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=斗破苍穹&pageNo=1&sort= */ public static String insertParams(String src, String... params) { int i = 1; for (String param : params) { src = src.replaceAll("#" + i, param); i++; } return src; } /** * 采集当前url完整response实体.toString() * * @param url url * @return response实体.toString() */ public static String gather(String url, String refererUrl) { String result = null; try { //创建httpclient对象 (这里设置成全局变量，相对于同一个请求session、cookie会跟着携带过去) CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //创建get方式请求对象 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); httpGet.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json"); //包装一下 httpGet.addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36"); httpGet.addHeader("Referer", refererUrl); httpGet.addHeader("Connection", "keep-alive"); //通过请求对象获取响应对象 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); //获取结果实体 if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "GBK"); } //释放链接 response.close(); } //这里还可以捕获超时异常，重新连接抓取 catch (Exception e) { result = null; System.err.println("采集操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } return result; } }
Controller层：
/** * Book Controller层 */ @RestController @RequestMapping("book") public class BookContrller { /** * 来源集合 */ private static Map<String, Map<String, String>> source = new HashMap<>(); static { //笔趣阁 source.put("biquge", BookHandler_biquge.biquge); //纵横中文网 source.put("zongheng", BookHandler_zongheng.zongheng); //起点中文网 source.put("qidian", BookHandler_qidian.qidian); } /** * 访问首页 */ @GetMapping("/index") public ModelAndView index() { return new ModelAndView("book_index.html"); } /** * 搜索书名 */ @GetMapping("/search") public ModelAndView search(Book book) { //结果集 ArrayList<Book> books = new ArrayList<>(); //关键字 String keyWord = book.getBookName(); //来源 String sourceKey = book.getSourceKey(); //获取来源详情 Map<String, String> src = source.get(sourceKey); // 编码 try { keyWord = URLEncoder.encode(keyWord, src.get("UrlEncode")); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } //searchUrl src.put("searchUrl", BookUtil.insertParams(src.get("searchUrl"), keyWord, "1")); //调用不同的方法 switch (sourceKey) { case "biquge": BookHandler_biquge.book_search_biquge(books, src, keyWord); break; case "zongheng": BookHandler_zongheng.book_search_zongheng(books, src, keyWord); break; case "qidian": BookHandler_qidian.book_search_qidian(books, src, keyWord); break; default: //默认所有都查 BookHandler_biquge.book_search_biquge(books, src, keyWord); BookHandler_zongheng.book_search_zongheng(books, src, keyWord); BookHandler_qidian.book_search_qidian(books, src, keyWord); break; } System.out.println(books.size()); ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("book_list.html", "books", books); try { modelAndView.addObject("keyWord", URLDecoder.decode(keyWord, src.get("UrlEncode"))); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } modelAndView.addObject("sourceKey", sourceKey); return modelAndView; } /** * 访问书本详情 */ @GetMapping("/details") public ModelAndView details(String sourceKey,String bookUrl,String searchUrl) { Map<String, String> src = source.get(sourceKey); src.put("searchUrl",searchUrl); Book book = new Book(); //调用不同的方法 switch (sourceKey) { case "biquge": book = BookHandler_biquge.book_details_biquge(src, bookUrl); break; case "zongheng": book = BookHandler_zongheng.book_details_zongheng(src, bookUrl); break; case "qidian": book = BookHandler_qidian.book_details_qidian(src, bookUrl); break; default: break; } return new ModelAndView("book_details.html", "book", book); } /** * 访问书本章节 */ @GetMapping("/read") public ModelAndView read(String sourceKey,String chapterUrl,String refererUrl) { Map<String, String> src = source.get(sourceKey); Book book = new Book(); //调用不同的方法 switch (sourceKey) { case "biquge": book = BookHandler_biquge.book_read_biquge(src, chapterUrl,refererUrl); break; case "zongheng": book = BookHandler_zongheng.book_read_zongheng(src, chapterUrl,refererUrl); break; case "qidian": book = BookHandler_qidian.book_read_qidian(src, chapterUrl,refererUrl); break; default: break; } return new ModelAndView("book_read.html", "book", book); } }
三个不同来源的Handler处理器，每个来源都有不同的采集规则：
BookHandler_biquge
/** * 笔趣阁采集规则 */ public class BookHandler_biquge { /** * 来源信息 */ public static HashMap<String, String> biquge = new HashMap<>(); static { //笔趣阁 biquge.put("name", "笔趣阁"); biquge.put("key", "biquge"); biquge.put("baseUrl", "http://www.biquge.com.tw"); biquge.put("baseSearchUrl", "http://www.biquge.com.tw/modules/article/soshu.php"); biquge.put("UrlEncode", "GB2312"); biquge.put("searchUrl", "http://www.biquge.com.tw/modules/article/soshu.php?searchkey=+#1&page=#2"); } /** * 获取search list 笔趣阁采集规则 * * @param books 结果集合 * @param src 源目标 * @param keyWord 关键字 */ public static void book_search_biquge(ArrayList<Book> books, Map<String, String> src, String keyWord) { //采集术 String html = BookUtil.gather(src.get("searchUrl"), src.get("baseUrl")); try { //解析html格式的字符串成一个Document Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前页集合 Elements resultList = doc.select("table.grid tr#nr"); for (Element result : resultList) { Book book = new Book(); //书本链接 book.setBookUrl(result.child(0).select("a").attr("href")); //书名 book.setBookName(result.child(0).select("a").text()); //作者 book.setAuthor(result.child(2).text()); //更新时间 book.setUpdateDate(result.child(4).text()); //最新章节 book.setLatestChapter(result.child(1).select("a").text()); book.setLatestChapterUrl(result.child(1).select("a").attr("href")); //状态 book.setStatus(result.child(5).text()); //大小 book.setMagnitude(result.child(3).text()); //来源 book.setSource(src); books.add(book); } //下一页 Elements searchNext = doc.select("div.pages > a.ngroup"); String href = searchNext.attr("href"); if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(href)) { src.put("baseUrl", src.get("searchUrl")); src.put("searchUrl", href.contains("http") ? href : (src.get("baseSearchUrl") + href)); book_search_biquge(books, src, keyWord); } } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("采集数据操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 获取书本详情 笔趣阁采集规则 * @param src 源目标 * @param bookUrl 书本链接 * @return Book对象 */ public static Book book_details_biquge(Map<String, String> src, String bookUrl) { Book book = new Book(); //采集术 String html = BookUtil.gather(bookUrl, src.get("searchUrl")); try { //解析html格式的字符串成一个Document Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //书本链接 book.setBookUrl(doc.select("meta[property=og:url]").attr("content")); //图片 book.setImg(doc.select("meta[property=og:image]").attr("content")); //书名 book.setBookName(doc.select("div#info > h1").text()); //作者 book.setAuthor(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:author]").attr("content")); //更新时间 book.setUpdateDate(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:update_time]").attr("content")); //最新章节 book.setLatestChapter(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:latest_chapter_name]").attr("content")); book.setLatestChapterUrl(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:latest_chapter_url]").attr("content")); //类型 book.setType(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:category]").attr("content")); //简介 book.setSynopsis(doc.select("meta[property=og:description]").attr("content")); //状态 book.setStatus(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:status]").attr("content")); //章节目录 ArrayList<Map<String, String>> chapters = new ArrayList<>(); for (Element result : doc.select("div#list dd")) { HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("chapterName", result.select("a").text()); map.put("url", result.select("a").attr("href")); chapters.add(map); } book.setChapters(chapters); //来源 book.setSource(src); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("采集数据操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } return book; } /** * 得到当前章节名以及完整内容跟上、下一章的链接地址 笔趣阁采集规则 * @param src 源目标 * @param chapterUrl 当前章节链接 * @param refererUrl 来源链接 * @return Book对象 */ public static Book book_read_biquge(Map<String, String> src,String chapterUrl,String refererUrl) { Book book = new Book(); //当前章节链接 book.setNowChapterUrl(chapterUrl.contains("http") ? chapterUrl : (src.get("baseUrl") + chapterUrl)); //采集术 String html = BookUtil.gather(book.getNowChapterUrl(), refererUrl); try { //解析html格式的字符串成一个Document Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前章节名称 book.setNowChapter(doc.select("div.box_con > div.bookname > h1").text()); //删除图片广告 doc.select("div.box_con > div#content img").remove(); //当前章节内容 book.setNowChapterValue(doc.select("div.box_con > div#content").outerHtml()); //上、下一章 book.setPrevChapter(doc.select("div.bottem2 a:matches((?i)下一章)").text()); book.setPrevChapterUrl(doc.select("div.bottem2 a:matches((?i)下一章)").attr("href")); book.setNextChapter(doc.select("div.bottem2 a:matches((?i)上一章)").text()); book.setNextChapterUrl(doc.select("div.bottem2 a:matches((?i)上一章)").attr("href")); //来源 book.setSource(src); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("采集数据操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } return book; } }
BookHandler_zongheng
/** * 纵横中文网采集规则 */ public class BookHandler_zongheng { /** * 来源信息 */ public static HashMap<String, String> zongheng = new HashMap<>(); static { //纵横中文网 zongheng.put("name", "纵横中文网"); zongheng.put("key", "zongheng"); zongheng.put("baseUrl", "http://www.zongheng.com"); zongheng.put("baseSearchUrl", "http://search.zongheng.com/s"); zongheng.put("UrlEncode", "UTF-8"); zongheng.put("searchUrl", "http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=#1&pageNo=#2&sort="); } /** * 获取search list 纵横中文网采集规则 * * @param books 结果集合 * @param src 源目标 * @param keyWord 关键字 */ public static void book_search_zongheng(ArrayList<Book> books, Map<String, String> src, String keyWord) { //采集术 String html = BookUtil.gather(src.get("searchUrl"), src.get("baseUrl")); try { //解析html格式的字符串成一个Document Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前页集合 Elements resultList = doc.select("div.search-tab > div.search-result-list"); for (Element result : resultList) { Book book = new Book(); //书本链接 book.setBookUrl(result.select("div.imgbox a").attr("href")); //图片 book.setImg(result.select("div.imgbox img").attr("src")); //书名 book.setBookName(result.select("h2.tit").text()); //作者 book.setAuthor(result.select("div.bookinfo > a").first().text()); //类型 book.setType(result.select("div.bookinfo > a").last().text()); //简介 book.setSynopsis(result.select("p").text()); //状态 book.setStatus(result.select("div.bookinfo > span").first().text()); //大小 book.setMagnitude(result.select("div.bookinfo > span").last().text()); //来源 book.setSource(src); books.add(book); } //下一页 Elements searchNext = doc.select("div.search_d_pagesize > a.search_d_next"); String href = searchNext.attr("href"); //最多只要888本，不然太慢了 if (books.size() < 888 && !StringUtils.isEmpty(href)) { src.put("baseUrl", src.get("searchUrl")); src.put("searchUrl", href.contains("http") ? href : (src.get("baseSearchUrl") + href)); book_search_zongheng(books, src, keyWord); } } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("采集数据操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 获取书本详情 纵横中文网采集规则 * @param src 源目标 * @param bookUrl 书本链接 * @return Book对象 */ public static Book book_details_zongheng(Map<String, String> src, String bookUrl) { Book book = new Book(); //采集术 String html = BookUtil.gather(bookUrl, src.get("searchUrl")); try { //解析html格式的字符串成一个Document Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //书本链接 book.setBookUrl(bookUrl); //图片 book.setImg(doc.select("div.book-img > img").attr("src")); //书名 book.setBookName(doc.select("div.book-info > div.book-name").text()); //作者 book.setAuthor(doc.select("div.book-author div.au-name").text()); //更新时间 book.setUpdateDate(doc.select("div.book-new-chapter div.time").text()); //最新章节 book.setLatestChapter(doc.select("div.book-new-chapter div.tit a").text()); book.setLatestChapterUrl(doc.select("div.book-new-chapter div.tit a").attr("href")); //类型 book.setType(doc.select("div.book-label > a").last().text()); //简介 book.setSynopsis(doc.select("div.book-dec > p").text()); //状态 book.setStatus(doc.select("div.book-label > a").first().text()); //章节目录 String chaptersUrl = doc.select("a.all-catalog").attr("href"); ArrayList<Map<String, String>> chapters = new ArrayList<>(); //采集术 for (Element result : Jsoup.parse(BookUtil.gather(chaptersUrl, bookUrl)).select("ul.chapter-list li")) { HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("chapterName", result.select("a").text()); map.put("url", result.select("a").attr("href")); chapters.add(map); } book.setChapters(chapters); //来源 book.setSource(src); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("采集数据操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } return book; } /** * 得到当前章节名以及完整内容跟上、下一章的链接地址 纵横中文网采集规则 * @param src 源目标 * @param chapterUrl 当前章节链接 * @param refererUrl 来源链接 * @return Book对象 */ public static Book book_read_zongheng(Map<String, String> src,String chapterUrl,String refererUrl) { Book book = new Book(); //当前章节链接 book.setNowChapterUrl(chapterUrl.contains("http") ? chapterUrl : (src.get("baseUrl") + chapterUrl)); //采集术 String html = BookUtil.gather(book.getNowChapterUrl(), refererUrl); try { //解析html格式的字符串成一个Document Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前章节名称 book.setNowChapter(doc.select("div.title_txtbox").text()); //删除图片广告 doc.select("div.content img").remove(); //当前章节内容 book.setNowChapterValue(doc.select("div.content").outerHtml()); //上、下一章 book.setPrevChapter(doc.select("div.chap_btnbox a:matches((?i)下一章)").text()); book.setPrevChapterUrl(doc.select("div.chap_btnbox a:matches((?i)下一章)").attr("href")); book.setNextChapter(doc.select("div.chap_btnbox a:matches((?i)上一章)").text()); book.setNextChapterUrl(doc.select("div.chap_btnbox a:matches((?i)上一章)").attr("href")); //来源 book.setSource(src); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("采集数据操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } return book; } }
BookHandler_qidian
/** * 起点中文网采集规则 */ public class BookHandler_qidian { /** * 来源信息 */ public static HashMap<String, String> qidian = new HashMap<>(); static { //起点中文网 qidian.put("name", "起点中文网"); qidian.put("key", "qidian"); qidian.put("baseUrl", "http://www.qidian.com"); qidian.put("baseSearchUrl", "https://www.qidian.com/search"); qidian.put("UrlEncode", "UTF-8"); qidian.put("searchUrl", "https://www.qidian.com/search?kw=#1&page=#2"); } /** * 获取search list 起点中文网采集规则 * * @param books 结果集合 * @param src 源目标 * @param keyWord 关键字 */ public static void book_search_qidian(ArrayList<Book> books, Map<String, String> src, String keyWord) { //采集术 String html = BookUtil.gather(src.get("searchUrl"), src.get("baseUrl")); try { //解析html格式的字符串成一个Document Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前页集合 Elements resultList = doc.select("li.res-book-item"); for (Element result : resultList) { Book book = new Book(); /* 如果大家打断点在这里的话就会发现，起点的链接是这样的 //book.qidian.com/info/1012786368 以两个斜杠开头，不过无所谓，httpClient照样可以请求 */ //书本链接 book.setBookUrl(result.select("div.book-img-box a").attr("href")); //图片 book.setImg(result.select("div.book-img-box img").attr("src")); //书名 book.setBookName(result.select("div.book-mid-info > h4").text()); //作者 book.setAuthor(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.author > a").first().text()); //类型 book.setType(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.author > a").last().text()); //简介 book.setSynopsis(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.intro").text()); //状态 book.setStatus(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.author > span").first().text()); //更新时间 book.setUpdateDate(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.update > span").text()); //最新章节 book.setLatestChapter(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.update > a").text()); book.setLatestChapterUrl(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.update > a").attr("href")); //来源 book.setSource(src); books.add(book); } //当前页 String page = doc.select("div#page-container").attr("data-page"); //最大页数 String pageMax = doc.select("div#page-container").attr("data-pageMax"); //当前页 < 最大页数 if (Integer.valueOf(page) < Integer.valueOf(pageMax)) { src.put("baseUrl", src.get("searchUrl")); //自己拼接下一页链接 src.put("searchUrl", src.get("searchUrl").replaceAll("page=" + Integer.valueOf(page), "page=" + (Integer.valueOf(page) + 1))); book_search_qidian(books, src, keyWord); } } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("采集数据操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 获取书本详情 起点中文网采集规则 * @param src 源目标 * @param bookUrl 书本链接 * @return Book对象 */ public static Book book_details_qidian(Map<String, String> src, String bookUrl) { Book book = new Book(); //https bookUrl = "https:" + bookUrl; //采集术 String html = BookUtil.gather(bookUrl, src.get("searchUrl")); try { //解析html格式的字符串成一个Document Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //书本链接 book.setBookUrl(bookUrl); //图片 String img = doc.select("div.book-img > a#bookImg > img").attr("src"); img = "https:" + img; book.setImg(img); //书名 book.setBookName(doc.select("div.book-info > h1 > em").text()); //作者 book.setAuthor(doc.select("div.book-info > h1 a.writer").text()); //更新时间 book.setUpdateDate(doc.select("li.update em.time").text()); //最新章节 book.setLatestChapter(doc.select("li.update a").text()); book.setLatestChapterUrl(doc.select("li.update a").attr("href")); //类型 book.setType(doc.select("p.tag > span").first().text()); //简介 book.setSynopsis(doc.select("div.book-intro > p").text()); //状态 book.setStatus(doc.select("p.tag > a").first().text()); //章节目录 //创建httpclient对象 (这里设置成全局变量，相对于同一个请求session、cookie会跟着携带过去) BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build(); //创建get方式请求对象 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("https://book.qidian.com/"); httpGet.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json"); //包装一下 httpGet.addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36"); httpGet.addHeader("Connection", "keep-alive"); //通过请求对象获取响应对象 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); //获得Cookies String _csrfToken = ""; List<Cookie> cookies = cookieStore.getCookies(); for (int i = 0; i < cookies.size(); i++) { if("_csrfToken".equals(cookies.get(i).getName())){ _csrfToken = cookies.get(i).getValue(); } } //构造post String bookId = doc.select("div.book-img a#bookImg").attr("data-bid"); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(BookUtil.insertParams("https://book.qidian.com/ajax/book/category?_csrfToken=#1&bookId=#2",_csrfToken,bookId)); httpPost.addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36"); httpPost.addHeader("Connection", "keep-alive"); //通过请求对象获取响应对象 CloseableHttpResponse response1 = httpClient.execute(httpPost); //获取结果实体(json格式字符串) String chaptersJson = ""; if (response1.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { chaptersJson = EntityUtils.toString(response1.getEntity(), "UTF-8"); } //java处理json ArrayList<Map<String, String>> chapters = new ArrayList<>(); JSONObject jsonArray = JSONObject.fromObject(chaptersJson); Map<String,Object> objectMap = (Map<String, Object>) jsonArray; Map<String, Object> objectMap_data = (Map<String, Object>) objectMap.get("data"); List<Map<String, Object>> objectMap_data_vs = (List<Map<String, Object>>) objectMap_data.get("vs"); for(Map<String, Object> vs : objectMap_data_vs){ List<Map<String, Object>> cs = (List<Map<String, Object>>) vs.get("cs"); for(Map<String, Object> chapter : cs){ Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("chapterName", (String) chapter.get("cN")); map.put("url", "https://read.qidian.com/chapter/"+(String) chapter.get("cU")); chapters.add(map); } } book.setChapters(chapters); //来源 book.setSource(src); //释放链接 response.close(); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("采集数据操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } return book; } /** * 得到当前章节名以及完整内容跟上、下一章的链接地址 起点中文网采集规则 * @param src 源目标 * @param chapterUrl 当前章节链接 * @param refererUrl 来源链接 * @return Book对象 */ public static Book book_read_qidian(Map<String, String> src,String chapterUrl,String refererUrl) { Book book = new Book(); //当前章节链接 book.setNowChapterUrl(chapterUrl.contains("http") ? chapterUrl : (src.get("baseUrl") + chapterUrl)); //采集术 String html = BookUtil.gather(book.getNowChapterUrl(), refererUrl); try { //解析html格式的字符串成一个Document Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); System.out.println(html); //当前章节名称 book.setNowChapter(doc.select("h3.j_chapterName").text()); //删除图片广告 doc.select("div.read-content img").remove(); //当前章节内容 book.setNowChapterValue(doc.select("div.read-content").outerHtml()); //上、下一章 book.setPrevChapter(doc.select("div.chapter-control a:matches((?i)下一章)").text()); String prev = doc.select("div.chapter-control a:matches((?i)下一章)").attr("href"); prev = "https:"+prev; book.setPrevChapterUrl(prev); book.setNextChapter(doc.select("div.chapter-control a:matches((?i)上一章)").text()); String next = doc.select("div.chapter-control a:matches((?i)上一章)").attr("href"); next = "https:"+next; book.setNextChapterUrl(next); //来源 book.setSource(src); } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println("采集数据操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } return book; } }
四个html页面：
book_index
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--解决idea thymeleaf 表达式模板报红波浪线--> <!--suppress ALL --> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>MY BOOK</title> <!-- 新 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <style> body{ background-color: antiquewhite; } .main{ margin: auto; width: 500px; margin-top: 150px; } #bookName{ width: 300px; } #title{ text-align: center; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="main"> <h2 id="title">MY BOOK</h2> <form class="form-inline" method="get" th:action="@{/book/search}"> 来源 <select class="form-control" id="source" name="sourceKey"> <option value="">所有</option> <option value="biquge">笔趣阁</option> <option value="zongheng">纵横网</option> <option value="qidian">起点网</option> </select> <input type="text" id="bookName" name="bookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入..."/> <button class="btn btn-info" type="submit">搜索</button> </form> </div> </body> </html>
book_list
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--解决idea thymeleaf 表达式模板报红波浪线--> <!--suppress ALL --> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>BOOK LIST</title> <!-- 新 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://hanlei.online/Onlineaddress/layui/css/layui.css"/> <style> body { background-color: antiquewhite; } .main { margin: auto; width: 500px; margin-top: 50px; } .book { border-bottom: solid #428bca 1px; } .click-book-detail, .click-book-read { cursor: pointer; color: #428bca; } .click-book-detail:hover { color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47); } .click-book-read:hover { color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47); } </style> </head> <body> <div class="main"> <form class="form-inline" method="get" th:action="@{/book/search}"> 来源 <select class="form-control" id="source" name="sourceKey"> <option value="">所有</option> <option value="biquge" th:selected="${sourceKey} == 'biquge'">笔趣阁</option> <option value="zongheng" th:selected="${sourceKey} == 'zongheng'">纵横网</option> <option value="qidian" th:selected="${sourceKey} == 'qidian'">起点网</option> </select> <input type="text" id="bookName" name="bookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入..." th:value="${keyWord}"/> <button class="btn btn-info" type="submit">搜索</button> </form> <br/> <div id="books"></div> <div id="page"></div> </div> </body> <!-- jquery在线版本 --> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="http://hanlei.online/Onlineaddress/layui/layui.js"></script> <script th:inline="javascript"> var ctx = /*[[@{/}]]*/''; var books = [[${books}]];//取出后台数据 var nums = 10; //每页出现的数量 var pages = books.length; //总数 /** * 传入当前页，根据nums去计算，从books集合截取对应数据做展示 */ var thisDate = function (curr) { var str = "",//当前页需要展示的html first = (curr * nums - nums),//展示的第一条数据的下标 last = curr * nums - 1;//展示的最后一条数据的下标 last = last >= books.length ? (books.length - 1) : last; for (var i = first; i <= last; i++) { var book = books[i]; str += "<div class='book'>" + "<img class='click-book-detail' data-bookurl='" + book.bookUrl + "' data-sourcekey='" + book.source.key + "' data-searchurl='" + book.source.searchUrl + "' src='" + book.img + "'></img>" + "<p class='click-book-detail' data-bookurl='" + book.bookUrl + "' data-sourcekey='" + book.source.key + "' data-searchurl='" + book.source.searchUrl + "'>书名：" + book.bookName + "</p>" + "<p>作者：" + book.author + "</p>" + "<p>简介：" + book.synopsis + "</p>" + "<p class='click-book-read' data-chapterurl='" + book.latestChapterUrl + "' data-sourcekey='" + book.source.key + "' data-refererurl='" + book.source.refererurl + "'>最新章节：" + book.latestChapter + "</p>" + "<p>更新时间：" + book.updateDate + "</p>" + "<p>大小：" + book.magnitude + "</p>" + "<p>状态：" + book.status + "</p>" + "<p>类型：" + book.type + "</p>" + "<p>来源：" + book.source.name + "</p>" + "</div><br/>"; } return str; }; //获取一个laypage实例 layui.use('laypage', function () { var laypage = layui.laypage; //调用laypage 逻辑分页 laypage.render({ elem: 'page', count: pages, limit: nums, jump: function (obj) { //obj包含了当前分页的所有参数，比如： // console.log(obj.curr); //得到当前页，以便向服务端请求对应页的数据。 // console.log(obj.limit); //得到每页显示的条数 document.getElementById('books').innerHTML = thisDate(obj.curr); }, prev: '<', next: '>', theme: '#f9c357', }) }); $("body").on("click", ".click-book-detail", function (even) { var bookUrl = $(this).data("bookurl"); var searchUrl = $(this).data("searchurl"); var sourceKey = $(this).data("sourcekey"); window.location.href = ctx + "/book/details?sourceKey=" + sourceKey + "&searchUrl=" + searchUrl + "&bookUrl=" + bookUrl; }); $("body").on("click", ".click-book-read", function (even) { var chapterUrl = $(this).data("chapterurl"); var refererUrl = $(this).data("refererurl"); var sourceKey = $(this).data("sourcekey"); window.location.href = ctx + "/book/read?sourceKey=" + sourceKey + "&refererUrl=" + refererUrl + "&chapterUrl=" + chapterUrl; }); </script> </html>
book_details
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--解决idea thymeleaf 表达式模板报红波浪线--> <!--suppress ALL --> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>BOOK DETAILS</title> <!-- 新 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://hanlei.online/Onlineaddress/layui/css/layui.css"/> <style> body { background-color: antiquewhite; } .main { margin: auto; width: 500px; margin-top: 150px; } .book { border-bottom: solid #428bca 1px; } .click-book-detail, .click-book-read { cursor: pointer; color: #428bca; } .click-book-detail:hover { color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47); } .click-book-read:hover { color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47); } a { color: #428bca; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="main"> <div class='book'> <div id="bookImg"></div> <p>书名：<span th:text="${book.bookName}"></span></p> <p>作者：<span th:text="${book.author}"></span></p> <p>简介：<span th:text="${book.synopsis}"></span></p> <p>最新章节：<a th:href="${book.latestChapterUrl}" th:text="${book.latestChapter}"></a></p> <p>更新时间：<span th:text="${book.updateDate}"></span></p> <p>大小：<span th:text="${book.magnitude}"></span></p> <p>状态：<span th:text="${book.status}"></span></p> <p>类型：<span th:text="${book.type}"></span></p> <p>来源：<span th:text="${book.source.name}"></span></p> </div> <br/> <div class="chapters" th:each="chapter,iterStat:${book.chapters}"> <p class="click-book-read" th:attr="data-chapterurl=${chapter.url},data-sourcekey=${book.source.key},data-refererurl=${book.bookUrl}" th:text="${chapter.chapterName}"></p> </div> </div> </body> <!-- jquery在线版本 --> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script th:inline="javascript"> var ctx = /*[[@{/}]]*/''; var book = [[${book}]];//取出后台数据 /** * 反防盗链 */ function showImg(parentObj, url) { //来一个随机数 var frameid = 'frameimg' + Math.random(); //放在（父页面）window里面 iframe的script标签里面绑定了window.onload，作用：设置iframe的高度、宽度 <script>window.onload = function() { parent.document.getElementById(\'' + frameid + '\').height = document.getElementById(\'img\').height+\'px\'; }<' + '/script> window.img = '<img src=\'' + url + '?' + Math.random() + '\'/>'; //iframe调用parent.img $(parentObj).append('<iframe id="' + frameid + '" src="javascript:parent.img;" frameBorder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>'); } showImg($("#bookImg"), book.img); $("body").on("click", ".click-book-read", function (even) { var chapterUrl = $(this).data("chapterurl"); var refererUrl = $(this).data("refererurl"); var sourceKey = $(this).data("sourcekey"); window.location.href = ctx + "/book/read?sourceKey=" + sourceKey + "&refererUrl=" + refererUrl + "&chapterUrl=" + chapterUrl; }); </script> </html>
book_read
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--解决idea thymeleaf 表达式模板报红波浪线--> <!--suppress ALL --> <html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>BOOK READ</title> <style> body { background-color: antiquewhite; } .main { padding: 10px 20px; } .click-book-detail, .click-book-read { cursor: pointer; color: #428bca; } .click-book-detail:hover { color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47); } .click-book-read:hover { color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47); } .float-left{ float: left; margin-left: 70px; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="main"> <!-- 章节名称 --> <h3 th:text="${book.nowChapter}"></h3> <!-- 章节内容 --> <p th:utext="${book.nowChapterValue}"></p> <!-- 上、下章 --> <p class="click-book-read float-left" th:attr="data-chapterurl=${book.nextChapterUrl},data-sourcekey=${book.source.key},data-refererurl=${book.nowChapterUrl}" th:text="${book.nextChapter}"></p> <p class="click-book-read float-left" th:attr="data-chapterurl=${book.prevChapterUrl},data-sourcekey=${book.source.key},data-refererurl=${book.nowChapterUrl}" th:text="${book.prevChapter}"></p> </div> </body> <!-- jquery在线版本 --> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script th:inline="javascript"> var ctx = /*[[@{/}]]*/''; $("body").on("click", ".click-book-read", function (even) { var chapterUrl = $(this).data("chapterurl"); var refererUrl = $(this).data("refererurl"); var sourceKey = $(this).data("sourcekey"); window.location.href = ctx + "/book/read?sourceKey=" + sourceKey + "&refererUrl=" + refererUrl + "&chapterUrl=" + chapterUrl; }); </script> </html>
补充
2019-07-17补充：我们之前三个来源网站的baseUrl都是用http，但网站后面都升级成了https，例如笔趣阁：
导致抓取数据时报错
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:192) at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1949) at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:302) at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:296) at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1514) at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:216) at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:1026) at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:961) at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1062) at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1375) at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1403) at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1387) at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.createLayeredSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:396) at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:355) at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:142) at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:373) at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:381) at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:237) at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:185) at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:89) at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:111) at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:185) at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:83) at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:108) at cn.huanzi.qch.spider.novelreading.util.BookUtil.gather(BookUtil.java:81) at cn.huanzi.qch.spider.novelreading.pojo.BookHandler_biquge.book_search_biquge(BookHandler_biquge.java:43) at cn.huanzi.qch.spider.novelreading.controller.BookContrller.search(BookContrller.java:78) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:215) at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:142) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:102) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:895) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:800) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1038) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:942) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:998) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:890) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:634) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:875) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:92) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:93) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:199) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:490) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:408) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:770) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1415) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
解决办法：参考https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023/article/details/49865335，绕过证书验证
在BookUtil.java中新增方法
/** * 绕过SSL验证 */ private static SSLContext createIgnoreVerifySSL() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException { SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSLv3"); // 实现一个X509TrustManager接口，用于绕过验证，不用修改里面的方法 X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() { @Override public void checkClientTrusted( java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate, String paramString) throws CertificateException { } @Override public void checkServerTrusted( java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate, String paramString) throws CertificateException { } @Override public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }; sc.init(null, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null); return sc; }
然后在gather方法中改成这样获取httpClient
/** * 采集当前url完整response实体.toString() * * @param url url * @return response实体.toString() */ public static String gather(String url, String refererUrl) { String result = null; try { //采用绕过验证的方式处理https请求 SSLContext sslcontext = createIgnoreVerifySSL(); // 设置协议http和https对应的处理socket链接工厂的对象 Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create() .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE) .register("https", new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext)) .build(); PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry); HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager); //创建自定义的httpclient对象 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager).build(); //创建httpclient对象 (这里设置成全局变量，相对于同一个请求session、cookie会跟着携带过去) // CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //创建get方式请求对象 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); httpGet.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json"); //包装一下 httpGet.addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36"); httpGet.addHeader("Referer", refererUrl); httpGet.addHeader("Connection", "keep-alive"); //通过请求对象获取响应对象 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); //获取结果实体 if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "GBK"); } //释放链接 response.close(); } //这里还可以捕获超时异常，重新连接抓取 catch (Exception e) { result = null; System.err.println("采集操作出错"); e.printStackTrace(); } return result; }
这样就可以正常抓取了
我们之前获取项目路径用的是
var ctx = /*[[@{/}]]*/'';
突然发现不行了，跳转的路径直接是/开头，现在改成这样获取
//项目路径 var ctx = [[${#request.getContextPath()}]];
2019-08-01补充：大家如果看到有这个报错，连接被重置，不要慌张，有可能是网站换域名了比如现在我们程序请求的是http://www.biquge.com.tw，但这个网址已经不能访问了，笔趣阁已经改成https://www.biqudu.net/，我们改一下代码就可以解决问题，要注意检查各个源路径是否能正常访问，同时对方也可能改页面格式，导致我们之前的规则无法匹配获取数据，这种情况只能重新编写爬取规则了
2019-08-02补充：发现了个bug，我们的BookUtil.insertParams方法原理是替换#字符串
/** * 自动注入参数 * 例如： * * @param src http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=#1&pageNo=#2&sort= * @param params "斗破苍穹","1" * @return http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=斗破苍穹&pageNo=1&sort= */ public static String insertParams(String src, String... params) { int i = 1; for (String param : params) { src = src.replaceAll("#" + i, param); i++; } return src; }
但是我们在搜索的时候，调用参数自动注入，形参src的值是来自静态属性Map，初始化的时候有两个#字符串，在进行第一次搜索之后，#字符串被替换了，后面再进行搜索注入参数已经没有#字符串了，因此后面的搜索结果都是第一次的结果...
解决：获取来源时不是用=赋值，而是复制一份，三个方法都要改
修改前：
//获取来源详情 Map<String, String> src = source.get(sourceKey);
修改后：
//获取来源详情，复制一份 Map<String, String> src = new HashMap<>(); src.putAll(source.get(sourceKey));
多端开发
公司最近打算做手机端，学习了DCloud公司的uni-app，开发工具是HBuilderX，并用我们的小说爬虫学习、练手，做了个H5手机端的页面
DCloud公司官网：https://www.dcloud.io/
uni-app官网：https://uniapp.dcloud.io/
uni-app 是一个使用 Vue.js 开发所有前端应用的框架，开发者编写一套代码，可编译到iOS、Android、H5、以及各种小程序等多个平台。
效果图：
代码开源
代码已经开源、托管到我的GitHub、码云：
GitHub：https://github.com/huanzi-qch/spider
码云：https://gitee.com/huanzi-qch/spider
版权声明
作者：huanzi-qch
若标题中有“转载”字样，则本文版权归原作者所有。若无转载字样，本文版权归作者所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文链接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利.
捐献、打赏
请注意：相应的资金支持能更好的持续开源和创作，如果喜欢这篇文章，请随意打赏！
支付宝
微信
交流群
有事请加群，有问题进群大家一起交流！
