Django models字段查询谓词表
| 谓词 | 含义 | 示例 | 等价SQL语句 |
| exact | 精确等于 | Comment.objects.filter(id__exact=14) | select * from Comment where id=14 |
| iexact | 大小写不敏感的等于 | Comment.objects.filter(headline__iexact=’I like this’) | select * from Comment where upper(headline)=’I LIKE THIS’ |
| contains | 模糊匹配 | Comment.objects.filter(headline__contains=’good’) | select * from Comment where headline like “%good%” |
| in | 包含 | Comment.objects.filter(id__in=[1,5,9]) | select * from Comment where id in (1,5,9) |
| gt | 大于 | Comment.objects.filter(n_visits__gt=30) | select * from Comment where n_visits>30 |
| gte | 大于等于 | Comment.objects.filter(n_visits__gte=30) | select * from COmment where n_visits>=30 |
| lt | 小于 | ||
| lte | 小于等于 | ||
| startswith | 以…开头 | Comment.objects.filter(body_text__startswith=”Hello”) | select * from Comment where body_text like ‘Hello%’ |
| endswith | 以…结尾 | ||
| range | 在…范围内 | start_date=datetime.date(2015,1,1) end_date=datetime.date(2015.2.1) Comment.objects.filter( pub_date__range=(start_date,end_date) ) | select * from Comment where pub_date between ‘2015-1-1’ and ‘2015-2-1’ |
| year | 年 | Comment.objects.filter( pub_date__year=2015 ) | select * from Comment where pub_date between ‘2015-1-1 0:0:0’ and ‘2015-12-31 23:59:59’ |
| month | 月 | ||
| day | 日 | ||
| week_day | 星期几 | ||
| isnull | 是否为空 | Comment.objects.filter( pub_date__isnull=True ) | select * from Comment where pub_date is NULL |
filter(**kwargs): 返回符合筛选条件的数据集
exclude(**kwargs): 返回不符合筛选条件的数据集
Comment.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2015)
多个filter和exclude可以链接在一起查询
Comment.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2015).exclude(pub_date__month=1).exclude(n_visits__exact=0)
get() :查询单条记录，注意没有查询到数据的时候会报错
Comment.objects.get(id_exact=1)
all(): 查询所有数据
Comment.objects.all() Comment.objects.all()[:10] Comment.objects.all[10:20]
order_by(): 排序
Comment.objects.order_by('headline')
