从真实项目中抠出来的设计模式——第三篇:责任链模式

一:现实场景

    有时候在开发的过程中,我们经常会根据某个状态的值,写出很多的ifelse逻辑,比如拿项目里面的案例来说,如果当前发送的是彩信,此种状态需要如何给

实体赋值,如果是短信,邮件又是其他方式的赋值,等等此类,这种情况下一般会写出如下if判断,对吧,真实代码如下:

 1                 if (leaflet.CommunicationtypeEnum.HasFlag(CommunicationTypeEnum.邮件))
 2                 {
 3                     //第三步:动态生成邮件模板
 4                     var styleInfo = CacheUtil.GetRandomEmailStyle();
 5 
 6                     var tuple = new EdmDraftBoxBLL().GetEdmHtmlTitle(communicationInfo.EDMJson, styleInfo.StyleId);
 7 
 8                     leaflet.Title = tuple.Item1;
 9                     leaflet.EDMContent = tuple.Item2;
10                     leaflet.Header = tuple.Item3;
11                     leaflet.SendSMSCount = 1;
12                 }
13 
14                 if (leaflet.CommunicationtypeEnum.HasFlag(CommunicationTypeEnum.短信))
15                 {
16                     leaflet.SMSContent = communicationInfo.SMSContent;
17                     leaflet.SendSMSCount = communicationInfo.SMSCount;
18                 }
19 
20                 
21                 if (leaflet.CommunicationtypeEnum.HasFlag(CommunicationTypeEnum.彩信))
22                 {
23                     leaflet.MMSContent = communicationInfo.MMSContent;
24                 }

       上面的代码还是非常简单明了的,程序会根据leaflet.CommunicationtypeEnum的不同做不同的判断,比如说当前状态是邮件的话,程序会从30套邮件

模板库中随机抽取一封,给leaflet的title,header...赋值,有些人可能会说这段代码不难看哈,确实是这样,但是如果面对需求变更呢?比如说后期需要增加微

信,微博渠道,那是不是又要加上两个if才能把这个问题解决呢? 这就违背了设计模式中开闭原则,对吧,面对这种场景,可以用责任链模式摆平。

 

二:责任链模式

     责任链模式讲的就是将请求的发送者和接收者进行分离,避免请求发送者与接收者耦合在一起,让多个对象都有可能接收请求,将这些对象连接成一条链,

并且沿着这条链传递请求,直到有对象处理它为止,面对需求变更,只需要更加处理类就好了,而且客户端可以按照自己的需求拼接处理链条,是不是很强大。

1. AbstractComunication

    public abstract class AbstractComunication
    {
        AbstractComunication abstractComunication = null;

        public void SetHandler(AbstractComunication abstractComunication)
        {
            this.abstractComunication = abstractComunication;
        }

        public abstract void HanderRequest(LeafletEntity leaflet,
                                          EventmarketingSmsEdmContentInfo communicationInfo);
    }

 

2. MMSComunication

 1     public class MMSComunication : AbstractComunication
 2     {
 3         public override void HanderRequest(LeafletEntity leaflet, EventmarketingSmsEdmContentInfo communicationInfo)
 4         {
 5             if (leaflet.CommunicationtypeEnum.HasFlag(CommunicationTypeEnum.彩信))
 6             {
 7                 leaflet.MMSContent = communicationInfo.MMSContent;
 8             }
 9             else
10             {
11                 abstractComunication.HanderRequest(leaflet, communicationInfo);
12             }
13         }
14     }

 

3.EDMComunication

 1     public class EDMComunication : AbstractComunication
 2     {
 3         public override void HanderRequest(LeafletEntity leaflet, EventmarketingSmsEdmContentInfo communicationInfo)
 4         {
 5             if (leaflet.CommunicationtypeEnum.HasFlag(CommunicationTypeEnum.邮件))
 6             {
 7                 //第三步:动态生成邮件模板
 8                 var styleInfo = CacheUtil.GetRandomEmailStyle();
 9 
10                 var tuple = new EdmDraftBoxBLL().GetEdmHtmlTitle(communicationInfo.EDMJson, styleInfo.StyleId);
11 
12                 leaflet.Title = tuple.Item1;
13                 leaflet.EDMContent = tuple.Item2;
14                 leaflet.Header = tuple.Item3;
15                 leaflet.SendSMSCount = 1;
16             }
17             else
18             {
19                 abstractComunication.HanderRequest(leaflet, communicationInfo);
20             }
21         }
22     }

 

4.SMSComunication

 1     public class SMSComunication : AbstractComunication
 2     {
 3         public override void HanderRequest(LeafletEntity leaflet, EventmarketingSmsEdmContentInfo communicationInfo)
 4         {
 5             if (leaflet.CommunicationtypeEnum.HasFlag(CommunicationTypeEnum.短信))
 6             {
 7                 leaflet.SMSContent = communicationInfo.SMSContent;
 8                 leaflet.SendSMSCount = communicationInfo.SMSCount;
 9             }
10             else
11             {
12                 abstractComunication.HanderRequest(leaflet, communicationInfo);
13             }
14         }
15     }

 

5.客户端调用

1                 AbstractComunication communication1 = new EDMComunication();
2                 AbstractComunication communication2 = new SMSComunication();
3                 AbstractComunication communication3 = new MMSComunication();
4 
5                 //手工将三个Comunication 凭借成一个链条,形成单链表的模型
6                 communication1.SetHandler(communication2);
7                 communication2.SetHandler(communication3);
8 
9                 communication1.HanderRequest(leaflet, communicationInfo);

 

其实上面的代码,需要绕一下脑子的就是如何通过SetHandler将三个xxxComunication拼接成一个单链表的形式,链表怎么拼接在于客户端如何设置sethandler,

灵活性完全就在客户端这边,然后就非常方便将leaflet在责任链中游走,最终会被某一状态处理逻辑处理,讲到这里,我想大家应该都知道责任链模式是干嘛的了,

由于是真实案例就不方便跑代码了,下面我构建一个责任链模型,大家比照一下就可以了,是不是有种请求和处理的分离,而且我还可以根据需要组合我的责任链,

其实js的冒泡机制就是这种模式的一个体现。

   public abstract class AbstractHandler
    {
        protected AbstractHandler abstractHandler = null;

        public void SetHandler(AbstractHandler abstractHandler)
        {
            this.abstractHandler = abstractHandler;
        }

        public virtual void HandleRequest(int request) { }
    }

   public class ConcreteHandler1 : AbstractHandler
    {
        public override void HandleRequest(int request)
        {
            if (request == 1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("handler1 给你处理了");
            }
            else
            {
                abstractHandler.HandleRequest(request);
            }
        }
    }

    public class ConcreteHandler2 : AbstractHandler
    {
        public override void HandleRequest(int request)
        {
            if (request == 2)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("handler2 给你处理了");
            }
            else
            {
                abstractHandler.HandleRequest(request);
            }
        }
    }

    public class ConcreteHandler3 : AbstractHandler
    {
        public override void HandleRequest(int request)
        {
            if (request == 3)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("handler3 给你处理了");
            }
            else
            {
                abstractHandler.HandleRequest(request);
            }
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            AbstractHandler hander1 = new ConcreteHandler1();
            AbstractHandler hander2 = new ConcreteHandler2();
            AbstractHandler hander3 = new ConcreteHandler3();

            hander1.SetHandler(hander2);
            hander2.SetHandler(hander3);

            hander1.HandleRequest(3);
        }
    }

 

好了,模板和实际项目的案例都给大家展示了,希望能帮助到你。

 

posted @ 2017-02-22 15:46  一线码农  阅读(5148)  评论(11编辑  收藏  举报