springboot自动配置原理

配置文件能配置的属性参照：https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.9.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/%23common-application-properties

1、自动配置原理：

1）SpringBoot启动的时候加载主配置类，开启了自动配置功能@EnableAutoConfiguration

2）@EnableAutoConfiguration 作用：

利用EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector给容器中导入一些组件

可以查看selectImports()方法的内容；

List configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);

获取候选的配置

SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()
扫描所有jar包类路径下 META‐INF/spring.factories
把扫描到的这些文件的内容包装成properties对象
从properties中获取到EnableAutoConfiguration.class类（类名）对应的值，然后把他们添加在容器中

将类路径下 META-INF/spring.factories 里面配置的所有EnableAutoConfiguration的值加入到了容中；

# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.jest.JestAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.DeviceResolverAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.DeviceDelegatingViewResolverAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.SitePreferenceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.reactor.ReactorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.SecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.FallbackWebSecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.OAuth2AutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.SocialWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.FacebookAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.LinkedInAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.TwitterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ServerPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.WebSocketAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration

每一个这样的 xxxAutoConfiguration类都是容器中的一个组件，都加入到容器中；用他们来做自动配置；

3）、每一个自动配置类进行自动配置功能；

4）、以HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration（Http编码自动配置）为例解释自动配置原理；

@Configuration //表示这是一个配置类，以前编写的配置文件一样，也可以给容器中添加组件
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HttpEncodingProperties.class) //启动指定类的
ConfigurationProperties功能；将配置文件中对应的值和HttpEncodingProperties绑定起来；并把
HttpEncodingProperties加入到ioc容器中
@ConditionalOnWebApplication //Spring底层@Conditional注解（Spring注解版），根据不同的条件，如果
满足指定的条件，整个配置类里面的配置就会生效； 判断当前应用是否是web应用，如果是，当前配置类生效
@ConditionalOnClass(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) //判断当前项目有没有这个类
CharacterEncodingFilter；SpringMVC中进行乱码解决的过滤器；
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.http.encoding", value = "enabled", matchIfMissing =
true) //判断配置文件中是否存在某个配置 spring.http.encoding.enabled；如果不存在，判断也是成立的
//即使我们配置文件中不配置pring.http.encoding.enabled=true，也是默认生效的；
public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {
    //他已经和SpringBoot的配置文件映射了
    private final HttpEncodingProperties properties;
//只有一个有参构造器的情况下，参数的值就会从容器中拿
public HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(HttpEncodingProperties properties) {
    this.properties = properties;
}
@Bean //给容器中添加一个组件，这个组件的某些值需要从properties中获取
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) //判断容器没有这个组件？
public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() {
    CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter();
    filter.setEncoding(this.properties.getCharset().name());
    filter.setForceRequestEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.REQUEST));
    filter.setForceResponseEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.RESPONSE));
    return filter;
}

根据当前不同的条件判断，决定这个配置类是否生效？

一但这个配置类生效；这个配置类就会给容器中添加各种组件；这些组件的属性是从对应的properties类中获取的，这些类里面的每一个属性又是和配置文件绑定的；

5）、所有在配置文件中能配置的属性都是在xxxxProperties类中封装者‘；配置文件能配置什么就可以参照某个功能对应的这个属性类

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.http.encoding") //从配置文件中获取指定的值和bean的属

性进行绑定

public class HttpEncodingProperties {
public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF‐8");
}

1）SpringBoot启动会加载大量的自动配置类

2）我们看我们需要的功能有没有SpringBoot默认写好的自动配置类；

3）我们再来看这个自动配置类中到底配置了哪些组件；（只要我们要用的组件有，我们就不需要再来配置了）

4）给容器中自动配置类添加组件的时候，会从properties类中获取某些属性。我们就可以在配置文件中指定这些属性的值；

xxxxAutoConfigurartion：自动配置类；

给容器中添加组xxxxProperties:封装配置文件中相关属性

2、细节

2.1@Conditional派生注解（Spring注解版原生的@Conditional作用）

作用：必须是@Conditional指定的条件成立，才给容器中添加组件，配置配里面的所有内容才生效

自动配置类必须在一定的条件下才能生效；

我们怎么知道哪些自动配置类生效；我们可以通过启用 debug=true属性；来让控制台打印自动配置报告，这样我们就可以很方便的知道哪些自动配置类生效；

=========================
AUTO‐CONFIGURATION REPORT
=========================
Positive matches:（自动配置类启用的）
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration matched:
	‐ @ConditionalOnClass found required class
'org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find
unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
‐ @ConditionalOnWebApplication (required) found StandardServletEnvironment
(OnWebApplicationCondition)
Negative matches:（没有启动，没有匹配成功的自动配置类）
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
ActiveMQAutoConfiguration:
Did not match:
‐ @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'javax.jms.ConnectionFactory',
'org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)
AopAutoConfiguration:
Did not match:
‐ @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes
'org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect', 'org.aspectj.lang.reflect.Advice' (OnClassCondition)

发布于 2019-08-29

posted @ 2021-04-06 14:57 皇问天阅读(361) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

会员力量，点亮园子希望

刷新页面返回顶部

皇问天

springboot自动配置原理

公告