Idea 搭建 SSM 项目框架
引言
在平时的JavaEE开发中，为了能够用最快的速度开发项目，一般会选择使用Struts2、SpringMVC、Spring、Hibernate、MyBatis这些开源框架来开发项目。
本文来总结一下如何使用Maven搭建Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis的整合开发环境。
创建Maven工程
根据下图，一步步操作设定，填写GroupId、ArtifactId；创建完成后，Maven install 进行编译发布。
完成的项目结构，如下图所示
在pom.xml引入相关依赖包
为了方便后面说的时候不需要引入JAR包，这里直接给出所有的jar包。
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.30</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dbcp连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL标签类 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件管理 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.23</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 上传组件包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
Spring与MyBatis项目整合
添加JDBC配置文件
在src/main/resources目录下创建一个jdbc.properties文件，用于连接数据库。
driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc_url=jdbc:mysql://*******:3306/ElimSign?useUnicode=true jdbc_username=******* jdbc_password=******** maxActive=20 maxIdle=20 minIdle=1 maxWait=60000
建立spring-mybatis.xml配置文件
在src/main/resources目录下创建一个spring-mybatis.xml文件，用于整合项目，如图所示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!--自动扫描--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.service" /> <!-- 引入配置文件 --> <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer" > <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> </bean> <bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}" /> <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}" /> <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" /> <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" /> <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" /> </bean> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" > <property name="basePackage" value="com.dao" /> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 事务管理 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" > <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> </beans>
配置log4j日志文件
在src/main/resources目录下创建一个log4j.properties文件，用于整合项目，如图所示：
# 日志输出目的地
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n
# 日志输出级别
log4j.rootLogger=info, Console
log4j.additivity=false
# 文件大小达到指定尺寸的时候产生一个新的文件
log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingCalendar
# 指定输出目录
log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
# 定义文件最大大小
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
# 输出日志
log4j.appender.File.Threshold = DEBUG
log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern = [%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n
项目框架构建
在配置完所有文件之后，则在src/main/java下创建相应的业务逻辑文件（包含对象信息类、dao文件、业务逻辑实现类等），具体如下图所示，以及对应代码信息（同时展现数据库中对应表结构与数据信息）。
package com.model; import java.util.Date; /** * 团契信息类 * JaminHuang 2019年6月19日 13:36:43 */ public class Church { /** * 团契标识 */ private String ChurchId; /** * 团契名称 */ private String ChurchName; /** * Logo地址 */ private String Logo; /** * 最后更新时间 */ private Date UpdateTime; public Church() {} public Church(String churchId, String ChurchName, String logo) { this.ChurchId = churchId; this.ChurchName = ChurchName; this.Logo = logo; this.UpdateTime = new Date(); } public String getChurchId() { return ChurchId; } public void setChurchId(String churchId) { ChurchId = churchId; } public String getChurchName() { return ChurchName; } public void setChurchName(String churChName) { ChurchName = churChName; } public String getLogo() { return Logo; } public void setLogo(String logo) { Logo = logo; } public Date getUpdateTime() { return UpdateTime; } public void setUpdateTime(Date updateTime) { UpdateTime = updateTime; } }
package com.dao; import com.model.Church; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select; import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; import java.util.List; @MapperScan public interface IChurchDao { /** * 添加团契信息 * @param church 团契信息 */ @Insert("INSERT INTO Church(ChurchId, ChurchName, Logo, UpdateTime) VALUES(#{churchId},#{churchName},#{logo},#{updateTime})") void add(Church church); /** * 获取指定团契信息 * @param churchId 团契标识 * @return 团契对象 */ @Select("SELECT * FROM Church WHERE ChurchId = #{churchId}") Church get(String churchId); /** * 获取团契列表 * @return 团契列表 */ @Select("SELECT * FROM Church") List<Church> list(); }
package com.service; import com.model.Church; import java.util.List; public interface IChurchService { /** * 添加团契信息 * @param church 团契信息 */ void add(Church church); /** * 获取指定团契信息 * @param churchId 团契标识 * @return 团契对象 */ Church get(String churchId); /** * 获取团契列表 * @return 团契列表 */ List<Church> list(); }
package com.service.impl; import com.dao.IChurchDao; import com.model.Church; import com.service.IChurchService; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List; @Service("churchService") public class ChurchServiceImpl implements IChurchService { @Resource private IChurchDao churchDao; public void add(Church church) { churchDao.add(church); } public Church get(String churchId) { return churchDao.get(churchId); } public List<Church> list() { return churchDao.list(); } }
测试
至此，spring+mybatis构建完成；创建dao测试类，进行测试。
package com.test;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.dao.IChurchDao;
import com.model.Church;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import java.util.List;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})
public class IChurchDaoTest {
@Autowired
private IChurchDao churchDao;
@Test
public void testGetChurch() {
String churchId = "4455ba6a12f26e08";
Church church = churchDao.get(churchId);
System.out.println(JSON.toJSON(church));
}
@Test
public void testListChurch() {
List<Church> list = churchDao.list();
System.out.println(JSON.toJSON(list));
}
}
整合SpringMVC
上述，完成了2大框架的搭建，springmvc的配置文件spring-mvc.xml单独放置，再由web.xml进行整合。
配置spring-mvc.xml
在src/main/resources目录下创建一个spring-mvc.xml文件，如下图所示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 扫描web相关的bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"/> <!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时，返回JSON出现下载文件 --> <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 开启SpringMVC注解模式,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" > <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置jsp --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" /> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" /> <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" /> </bean> </beans>
配置web.xml文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--防止内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
测试
1. 新建jsp文件
<%@ page import="java.util.*" language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>团契信息</title>
</head>
<body>
这里是内容!
${church.churchName}
</body>
</html>
2. 创建Controller控制器
package com.controller;
import com.model.Church;
import com.service.IChurchService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/church")
public class ChurchController {
@Resource
private IChurchService churchService;
@RequestMapping("/get")
public String getChurch(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) {
String churchId = request.getParameter("id");
Church church = churchService.get(churchId);
model.addAttribute("church", church);
return "info";
}
}
3. 部署项目，在浏览器中输入地址：http://localhost:8080/church/get?id=4455ba6a12f26e08
至此，SSM三大框架基本完成，可以在此基础上继续添加相应功能。
真正的谦卑是对真理持续不断的追求。
