C++Socket编程总结 [转]

使用socket写代码主要是要看自己的需求是什么。 如果通信时,内容很重要就要使TCP方式。 如果用户数太多,可能就要使用UDP方式了。 在TCP模式下,最简单的方式就是这样的,使阻塞方式: 服务端: 1.初始化socket环境,创建socket 2.梆定一个端口 3.开始监听 4.接收客户端 5.接收到客户端之后,使用这个socket来与这个客户通信

#include "stdAfx.h" #include <winsock2.h> #include <mswsock.h> #include <iostream>

using namespace std;

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") #pragma comment(lib, "mswsock.lib")

DWORD IniSOCKDLL() { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err=0; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 2 ); err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData ); return err; }

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { cout<<"程序开始"<<endl; IniSOCKDLL(); SOCKET ss=WSASocket(AF_INET,   SOCK_STREAM,   0,   NULL,   0,   NULL); SOCKADDR_IN addr; int len; addr.sin_family=AF_INET; addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); addr.sin_port = htons(1002); len=sizeof(addr); bind(ss , (PSOCKADDR)&addr , len); listen(ss,5); SOCKET sc=accept(ss,(PSOCKADDR)&addr,&len); char buff[1024]; ZeroMemory(buff,1024); recv(sc,buff,1024,0); cout<<buff<<endl; ZeroMemory(buff,1024); memcpy(buff,"123",3); send(sc,buff,3,0); closesocket(sc); closesocket(ss); return 0; }

客户端: 1.初始化socket环境,创建socket 2.连接服务端 3.开启一个线程来接收数据 4.使用send直接发数据包

#include "stdAfx.h" #include <winsock2.h> #include <mswsock.h> #include <iostream>

using namespace std;

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") #pragma comment(lib, "mswsock.lib")

DWORD IniSOCKDLL() { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err=0; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 2 ); err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData ); return err; }

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { IniSOCKDLL(); SOCKET sc=WSASocket(AF_INET,   SOCK_STREAM,   0,   NULL,   0,   NULL); SOCKADDR_IN addr; int len; addr.sin_family=AF_INET; addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); addr.sin_port = htons(1002); len=sizeof(addr); connect(sc, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, len); char buff[1024]; ZeroMemory(buff,1024); memcpy(buff,"123",3); send(sc,buff,3,0);

recv(sc,buff,1024,0); cout<<buff<<endl;

closesocket(sc); return 0; }

由这个我们可以做一个这样的模型: 为每个阻塞函数开一个线程,让它来处理。 这就要留意退出的时候把这一些线程给关闭。

当然TCP方式的模型还有事件选择模型。 就是把所有的网络事件和我们的一个程序里定义的事件梆定。 这个有它的好处,可能可以让我们更好的写一个线程来管理 接收与发送。 现在来讲一下一个完成端口模型。

  完成端口   一个完成端口其实就是一个通知队列,由操作系统把已经完成的重叠I/O请求的通知 放入其中。当某项I/O操作一旦完成,某个可以对该操作结果进行处理的工作者线程 就会收到一则通知。而套接字在被创建后,可以在任何时候与某个完成端口进行关 联。 步骤: 1、创建一个空的完成端口; 2、得到本地机器的CPU个数; 3、开启CPU*2个工作线程(又名线程池),全部都在等待完成端口的完成包; 4、创建TCP的监听socket,使用事件邦定,创建监听线程; 5、当有人连接进入的时候,将Client socket保存到一个我们自己定义的关键键,     并把它与我们创建的完成端口关联; 6、使用WSARecv和WSASend函数投递一些请求,这是使用重叠I/O的方式; 7、重复5~6;

注:1、重叠I/O的方式中,接收与发送数据包的时候,一定要进行投递请求这是    它们这个体系结构的特点    当然,在完成端口方式中,不是直接使用的WSARecv和WSASend函数进行请求    的投递的。而是使用的ReadFile,Write的方式   2、完成端口使用了系统内部的一些模型,所以我们只要按照一定的顺序调用就    可以完成了。   3、完成端口是使用在这样的情况下,有成千上万的用户连接的时候,它能够    保证性能不会降低。

#include <winsock2.h> #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h>

#define PORT 5150 #define DATA_BUFSIZE 8192

//关键项 typedef struct {    OVERLAPPED Overlapped;    WSABUF DataBuf;    CHAR Buffer[DATA_BUFSIZE];    DWORD BytesSEND;    DWORD BytesRECV; } PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA, * LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA;

typedef struct {    SOCKET Socket; } PER_HANDLE_DATA, * LPPER_HANDLE_DATA;

DWORD WINAPI ServerWorkerThread(LPVOID CompletionPortID);

void main(void) {    SOCKADDR_IN InternetAddr;    SOCKET Listen;    SOCKET Accept;    HANDLE CompletionPort;    SYSTEM_INFO SystemInfo;    LPPER_HANDLE_DATA PerHandleData;    LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA PerIoData;    int i;    DWORD RecvBytes;    DWORD Flags;    DWORD ThreadID;    WSADATA wsaData;    DWORD Ret;

   if ((Ret = WSAStartup(0x0202, &wsaData)) != 0)    {       printf("WSAStartup failed with error %d\n", Ret);       return;    }

   //打开一个空的完成端口

   if ((CompletionPort = CreateIoCompletionPort(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, NULL, 0, 0)) == NULL)    {       printf( "CreateIoCompletionPort failed with error: %d\n", GetLastError());       return;    }

   // Determine how many processors are on the system.

   GetSystemInfo(&SystemInfo);

   // 开启cpu个数的2倍个的线程

   for(i = 0; i < SystemInfo.dwNumberOfProcessors * 2; i++)    {       HANDLE ThreadHandle;

      // Create a server worker thread and pass the completion port to the thread.

      if ((ThreadHandle = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ServerWorkerThread, CompletionPort,          0, &ThreadID)) == NULL)       {          printf("CreateThread() failed with error %d\n", GetLastError());          return;       }

      // Close the thread handle       CloseHandle(ThreadHandle);    }

   //打开一个服务器socket

   if ((Listen = WSASocket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0, NULL, 0,       WSA_FLAG_OVERLAPPED)) == INVALID_SOCKET)    {       printf("WSASocket() failed with error %d\n", WSAGetLastError());       return;    }

   InternetAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;    InternetAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);    InternetAddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);

   if (bind(Listen, (PSOCKADDR) &InternetAddr, sizeof(InternetAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)    {       printf("bind() failed with error %d\n", WSAGetLastError());       return;    }

   if (listen(Listen, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR)    {       printf("listen() failed with error %d\n", WSAGetLastError());       return;    }

   //开始接收从客户端来的连接

   while(TRUE)    {       if ((Accept = WSAAccept(Listen, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0)) == SOCKET_ERROR)       {          printf("WSAAccept() failed with error %d\n", WSAGetLastError());          return;       }

      // 创建一个关键项用于保存这个客户端的信息,用户接收发送的重叠结构,       // 还有使用到的缓冲区       if ((PerHandleData = (LPPER_HANDLE_DATA) GlobalAlloc(GPTR,          sizeof(PER_HANDLE_DATA))) == NULL)       {          printf("GlobalAlloc() failed with error %d\n", GetLastError());          return;       }

      // Associate the accepted socket with the original completion port.

      printf("Socket number %d connected\n", Accept);       PerHandleData->Socket = Accept;

      //与我们的创建的那个完成端口关联起来,将关键项也与指定的一个完成端口关联       if (CreateIoCompletionPort((HANDLE) Accept, CompletionPort, (DWORD) PerHandleData,          0) == NULL)       {          printf("CreateIoCompletionPort failed with error %d\n", GetLastError());          return;       }

      // 投递一次接收,由于接收都需要使用这个函数来投递一个接收的准备

      if ((PerIoData = (LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA) GlobalAlloc(GPTR,          sizeof(PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA))) == NULL)       {          printf("GlobalAlloc() failed with error %d\n", GetLastError());          return;       }

      ZeroMemory(&(PerIoData->Overlapped), sizeof(OVERLAPPED));       PerIoData->BytesSEND = 0;       PerIoData->BytesRECV = 0;       PerIoData->DataBuf.len = DATA_BUFSIZE;       PerIoData->DataBuf.buf = PerIoData->Buffer;

      Flags = 0;       if (WSARecv(Accept, &(PerIoData->DataBuf), 1, &RecvBytes, &Flags,          &(PerIoData->Overlapped), NULL) == SOCKET_ERROR)       {          if (WSAGetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING)          {             printf("WSARecv() failed with error %d\n", WSAGetLastError());             return;          }       }    } } //工作线程 DWORD WINAPI ServerWorkerThread(LPVOID CompletionPortID) {    HANDLE CompletionPort = (HANDLE) CompletionPortID;    DWORD BytesTransferred;    LPOVERLAPPED Overlapped;    LPPER_HANDLE_DATA PerHandleData;    LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA PerIoData;    DWORD SendBytes, RecvBytes;    DWORD Flags;       while(TRUE)    {       //完成端口有消息来了       if (GetQueuedCompletionStatus(CompletionPort, &BytesTransferred,          (LPDWORD)&PerHandleData, (LPOVERLAPPED *) &PerIoData, INFINITE) == 0)       {          printf("GetQueuedCompletionStatus failed with error %d\n", GetLastError());          return 0;       }

      //是不是有人退出了

      if (BytesTransferred == 0)       {          printf("Closing socket %d\n", PerHandleData->Socket);

         if (closesocket(PerHandleData->Socket) == SOCKET_ERROR)          {             printf("closesocket() failed with error %d\n", WSAGetLastError());             return 0;          }

         GlobalFree(PerHandleData);          GlobalFree(PerIoData);          continue;       }

      //

      if (PerIoData->BytesRECV == 0)       {          PerIoData->BytesRECV = BytesTransferred;          PerIoData->BytesSEND = 0;       }       else       {          PerIoData->BytesSEND += BytesTransferred;       }

      if (PerIoData->BytesRECV > PerIoData->BytesSEND)       {

         // Post another WSASend() request.          // Since WSASend() is not gauranteed to send all of the bytes requested,          // continue posting WSASend() calls until all received bytes are sent.

         ZeroMemory(&(PerIoData->Overlapped), sizeof(OVERLAPPED));

         PerIoData->DataBuf.buf = PerIoData->Buffer + PerIoData->BytesSEND;          PerIoData->DataBuf.len = PerIoData->BytesRECV - PerIoData->BytesSEND;

         if (WSASend(PerHandleData->Socket, &(PerIoData->DataBuf), 1, &SendBytes, 0,             &(PerIoData->Overlapped), NULL) == SOCKET_ERROR)          {             if (WSAGetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING)             {                printf("WSASend() failed with error %d\n", WSAGetLastError());                return 0;             }          }       }       else       {          PerIoData->BytesRECV = 0;

         // Now that there are no more bytes to send post another WSARecv() request.

         Flags = 0;          ZeroMemory(&(PerIoData->Overlapped), sizeof(OVERLAPPED));

         PerIoData->DataBuf.len = DATA_BUFSIZE;          PerIoData->DataBuf.buf = PerIoData->Buffer;

         if (WSARecv(PerHandleData->Socket, &(PerIoData->DataBuf), 1, &RecvBytes, &Flags,             &(PerIoData->Overlapped), NULL) == SOCKET_ERROR)          {             if (WSAGetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING)             {                printf("WSARecv() failed with error %d\n", WSAGetLastError());                return 0;             }          }       }    } }

 

原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/cnLiou/articles/202150.html

posted @ 2013-06-27 15:10  走路到纽约  阅读(3812)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报