sqlserver 存储过程 try catch TRANSACTION (转)
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/yun_shuai/archive/2010/09/20/1831546.html
/*
1. 轻微错误（严重性级别为0-10）：默认情况下不会给客户程序发送错误消息，继续工作。也就是说它无法被CATCH到
2. 中等错误（严重性级别为11-19）：能够被CATCH到（不管是在T-SQL里面还是在客户程序里面）
3. 严重错误（严重性级别为20-25）：SQL Server将强制把连接关掉。很显然这也不可能被CATCH到
【重点提示！！】
由于业务的复杂或者系统性能问题，致使数据库sql语句执行较久。
导致客户端网页已经连接超时（如设置为30秒）
此时数据库批处理语句未执行完成，客户session断开，相当于中断操作，类似【案例1】的中断。
事务是没有提交或回滚的，资源仍在占用，导致发生堵塞或死锁！~
【解决方法】：
在批处理语句前加上 SET XACT_ABORT ON
当客户端中断的时候，未执行完成则回滚操作，及时释放资源。
--查看 XACT_ABORT 是否打开
SELECT (CASE WHEN (16384 & @@OPTIONS) = 16384 THEN 'ON' ELSE 'OFF' END) AS XACT_ABORT;
*/
CREATE PROCEDURE YourProcedure
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
BEGIN TRY---------------------开始捕捉异常
BEIN TRAN------------------开始事务
UPDATE A SET A.names = B.names FROM 表1 AS A INNER JOIN 表2 AS B ON A.id = B.id
UPDATE A SET A.names = B.names FROM 表1 AS A INNER JOIN 表2 AS B ON A.TEST = B.TEST
COMMIT TRAN -------提交事务
END TRY-----------结束捕捉异常
BEGIN CATCH------------有异常被捕获
IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0---------------判断有没有事务
BEGIN
ROLLBACK TRAN----------回滚事务
END
EXEC YourLogErrorProcedure-----------执行存储过程将错误信息记录在表当中
END CATCH--------结束异常处理
END
---------------------------------------------记录操作错信息的存储过程--------------------------------------------
CREATE PROCEDURE YourLogErrorProcedure
@ErrorLogID [int] = 0 OUTPUT -- contains the ErrorLogID of the row inserted
AS -- by uspLogError in the ErrorLog table
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
-- Output parameter value of 0 indicates that error
-- information was not logged
SET @ErrorLogID = 0;
BEGIN TRY
-- Return if there is no error information to log
IF ERROR_NUMBER() IS NULL
RETURN;
-- Return if inside an uncommittable transaction.
-- Data insertion/modification is not allowed when
-- a transaction is in an uncommittable state.
IF XACT_STATE() = -1
BEGIN
PRINT 'Cannot log error since the current transaction is in an uncommittable state. '
+ 'Rollback the transaction before executing uspLogError in order to successfully log error information.';
RETURN;
END
INSERT [dbo].[OperateErrorLog]
(
[OperateName],
[ErrorNumber],
[ErrorSeverity],
[ErrorState],
[ErrorProcedure],
[ErrorLine],
[ErrorMessage]
)
VALUES
(
CONVERT(sysname, CURRENT_USER),
ERROR_NUMBER(),
ERROR_SEVERITY(),
ERROR_STATE(),
ERROR_PROCEDURE(),
ERROR_LINE(),
ERROR_MESSAGE()
);
SET @ErrorLogID = @@IDENTITY;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
PRINT 'An error occurred in stored procedure uspLogError: ';
EXECUTE YourPrintErrorProcedure;-----------------打印错误信息的存储过程
RETURN -1;
END CATCH
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE YourPrintErrorProcedure
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
-- Print error information.
PRINT 'Error ' + CONVERT(varchar(50), ERROR_NUMBER()) +
', Severity ' + CONVERT(varchar(5), ERROR_SEVERITY()) +
', State ' + CONVERT(varchar(5), ERROR_STATE()) +
', Procedure ' + ISNULL(ERROR_PROCEDURE(), '-') +
', Line ' + CONVERT(varchar(5), ERROR_LINE());
PRINT ERROR_MESSAGE();
END;
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[ErrorLog](
[ErrorLogID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[ErrorTime] [datetime] NOT NULL CONSTRAINT [DF_ErrorLog_ErrorTime] DEFAULT (getdate()),
[UserName] [sysname] COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NOT NULL,
[ErrorNumber] [int] NOT NULL,
[ErrorSeverity] [int] NULL,
[ErrorState] [int] NULL,
[ErrorProcedure] [nvarchar](126) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL,
[ErrorLine] [int] NULL,
[ErrorMessage] [nvarchar](4000) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_ErrorLog_ErrorLogID] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[ErrorLogID] ASC
)WITH (IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
本文来自CSDN博客，转载请标明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/WeiZhang_son_Ding/archive/2010/02/05/5291732.aspx
http://www.cnblogs.com/BpLoveGcy/archive/2010/03/22/1691407.html
ALTER PROC usp_AccountTransaction
- @AccountNum INT,
- @Amount DECIMAL
- AS
- BEGIN
- BEGIN TRY --Start the Try Block..
- BEGIN TRANSACTION -- Start the transaction..
- UPDATE MyChecking SET Amount = Amount - @Amount
- WHERE AccountNum = @AccountNum
- UPDATE MySavings SET Amount = Amount + @Amount
- WHERE AccountNum = @AccountNum
- COMMIT TRAN -- Transaction Success!
- END TRY
- BEGIN CATCH
- IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0
- ROLLBACK TRAN --RollBack in case of Error
- -- you can Raise ERROR with RAISEERROR() Statement including the details of the exception
- --RAISERROR(ERROR_MESSAGE(), ERROR_SEVERITY(), 1)
DECLARE @ErrorMessage NVARCHAR(4000);
DECLARE @ErrorSeverity INT;
DECLARE @ErrorState INT;
SELECT
@ErrorMessage = ERROR_MESSAGE(),
@ErrorSeverity = ERROR_SEVERITY(),
@ErrorState = ERROR_STATE();
-- Use RAISERROR inside the CATCH block to return error
-- information about the original error that caused
-- execution to jump to the CATCH block.
RAISERROR (@ErrorMessage, -- Message text.
@ErrorSeverity, -- Severity.
@ErrorState -- State.
);
- END CATCH
- END
- GO
- BEGIN TRY
- SELECT GETDATE()
- SELECT 1/0--Evergreen divide by zero example!
- END TRY
- BEGIN CATCH
- SELECT 'There was an error! ' + ERROR_MESSAGE()
- RETURN
- END CATCH;
2.获得错误信息的函数表:
下面系统函数在CATCH块有效.可以用来得到更多的错误信息:
| 函数 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| ERROR_NUMBER() | 返回导致运行 CATCH 块的错误消息的错误号。 |
| ERROR_SEVERITY() | 返回导致 CATCH 块运行的错误消息的严重级别 |
| ERROR_STATE() | 返回导致 CATCH 块运行的错误消息的状态号 |
| ERROR_PROCEDURE() | 返回出现错误的存储过程名称 |
| ERROR_LINE() | 返回发生错误的行号 |
| ERROR_MESSAGE() | 返回导致 CATCH 块运行的错误消息的完整文本 |
- BEGIN TRY
- Try Statement 1
- Try Statement 2
- ...
- Try Statement M
- END TRY
- BEGIN CATCH
- Catch Statement 1
- Catch Statement 2
- ...
- Catch Statement N
- END CATCH
