CodeForces546D:Soldier and Number Game(筛区间素数因子个数和)

Two soldiers are playing a game. At the beginning first of them chooses a positive integer n and gives it to the second soldier. Then the second one tries to make maximum possible number of rounds. Each round consists of choosing a positive integer x > 1, such that n is divisible by x and replacing n with n / x. When n becomes equal to 1 and there is no more possible valid moves the game is over and the score of the second soldier is equal to the number of rounds he performed.

To make the game more interesting, first soldier chooses n of form a! / b! for some positive integer a and b (a ≥ b). Here by k! we denote the factorial of k that is defined as a product of all positive integers not large than k.

What is the maximum possible score of the second soldier?

Input

First line of input consists of single integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 1 000 000) denoting number of games soldiers play.

Then follow t lines, each contains pair of integers a and b (1 ≤ b ≤ a ≤ 5 000 000) defining the value of n for a game.

Output

For each game output a maximum score that the second soldier can get.

Example

Input

2
3 1
6 3

Output

2
5

 

题意：求A！/B！最多可以除多少次，即(B+1)*(B+2)...*A的乘积的素数分解个数。

思路：筛法得到所有数的分解素数个数，然后前缀和一下即可。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int maxn=5000000;
int p[maxn+10],cnt,vis[maxn+10],num[maxn+10];
void choose()
{
    for(int i=2;i<=maxn;i++){
        if(!vis[i]) p[++cnt]=i,num[i]=1;
        for(int j=1;j<=cnt&&i*p[j]<=maxn;j++){
            vis[i*p[j]]=1,num[i*p[j]]=num[i]+1;
            if(i%p[j]==0) break;
        }
    }
    for(int i=1;i<=maxn;i++) num[i]+=num[i-1];
}
int main()
{
    int a,b,T;
    choose();
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--){
        scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
        printf("%d\n",num[a]-num[b]);
    }
    return 0;
}