用Iterator实现遍历集合
使用Collection类的Iterator,可以方便的遍历Vector, ArrayList, LinkedList等集合元素,避免通过get()方法遍历时,针对每一种对象单独进行编码。
示例:
- Collection coll = new Vector(); //LinkedList(); //ArrayList();
- coll.add("Tody");
- coll.add("is");
- coll.add("Sunday.");
- // Output all elements by iterator
- Iterator it = coll.iterator();
- while(it.hasNext()) {
- System.out.print(it.next() + " ");
- }
输出:
Tody is Sunday.
1.hasNext()函数的API解释
boolean java.util.Iterator.hasNext()
hasNext
boolean hasNext()
- Returns
true
if the iteration has more elements. (In other words, returnstrue
ifnext()
would return an element rather than throwing an exception.)
- Returns:
true
if the iteration has more elements
---------------------------------------------------------
2.next()函数的API解释
Object java.util.Iterator.next()
next
E next()
- Returns the next element in the iteration.
- Returns:
- the next element in the iteration
- Throws:
NoSuchElementException
- if the iteration has no more elements
- Collection coll = new HashSet();
- coll.add("Tody");
- coll.add("is");
- coll.add("Sunday.");
- // Output all elements by iterator
- Iterator it = coll.iterator();
- while(it.hasNext()) {
- System.out.print(it.next() + " ");
- }
输出:
is Sunday. Tody
由上面两个例子看出,在List和Set对象中,Iterator的next()方法返回的值是不一样的。
原因是List属于线性集合,元素是有序的,读取时是按照数组的形式,一个接一个的读取,存储也是按照add的顺序添加的。
而Set属于非线性的,是无序的,所以读取的元素与添加的顺序不一定一致。
对于HashSet,其实它返回的顺序是按Hashcode的顺序。
如果迭代也有序,则可以用LinkedHashSet。